In object-oriented computer programming, SOLID is a mnemonic acronym for five design principles intended to make software designs more understandable, flexible, and maintainable. The principles are a subset of many principles promoted by American software engineer and instructor Robert C. Martin, first introduced in his 2000 paper Design Principles and Design Patterns.The SOLID concepts are
The Single-responsibility principle: "There should never be more than one reason for a class to change." In other words, every class should have only one responsibility.
The Open–closed principle: "Software entities ... should be open for extension, but closed for modification."
The Liskov substitution principle: "Functions that use pointers or references to base classes must be able to use objects of derived classes without knowing it". See also design by contract.
The Interface segregation principle: "Many client-specific interfaces are better than one general-purpose interface."
The Dependency inversion principle: "Depend upon abstractions, [not] concretions."The SOLID acronym was introduced later, around 2004, by Michael Feathers.Although the SOLID principles apply to any object-oriented design, they can also form a core philosophy for methodologies such as agile development or adaptive software development.
For the crystal lattices and structure
Question picture is uploaded.
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CO2 becomes a solid at -78.5 C or -109.3 F. The coldest temperature ever recorded on Earth was on Antarctica at -89.2 C or -128.6 F. So is it possible for CO2 to literally freeze out of Earth's atmosphere under certain conditions?
If not then why not?
Hi everyone!
If I have a sample that didn’t present conductivity and left a solid evaporation residue but its density is approximately 1 g/mL (1,08 g/mL), can I still say it is pure water?
I suppose pure water shouldn’t have any kind of solid residue.
Thanks!
Hello! I read several books and took courses on quantum mechanics and particle physics and I understood the topics. However I feel that I have only pieces of informations without a global image of what is going on. For example in the particle physics classes we were given Feynman rules without...
When protons or nuclei of light elements like Helium passes through gas, it ionises the molecules on it path. But that's not the case when proton or nuclei of light elements pass through solid objects like metal. What's the reason behind that?
I am investigating the nucleation on solid surface during liquid-liquid phase separation,
I know the free energy change is and
I don't know if it is correct to get
Can someone calculate it to have a check?
Homework Statement
Find the volume of the solid generated by revolving the region bounded by the graphs of the equations about the line y =4.
$$y=\frac 3 {1+x},~ y=0,~ x=0,~x=3$$
Homework Equations
$$V= \int_a^b ([R(x)]^2-[r(x)]^2)dx$$
The Attempt at a Solution
I understand how to use the...
I was trying to find the compressibility of water and compressibility of air to compare.
For compressibility of water I found 46.4e-6
For compressibility of a gas... I am having a tough time finding anything. compressibility factor I can find, which is 1 for Hydrogen... but how does that relate...
My university lecturer is very new, his lectures and notes are hard to follow and understand. He was a replacement to the old solid state physics lecturer and has designed the module from scratch, so it is unpolished in its current form. Can you please suggest some alternative resources...
Hi everyone,
I'm having some difficulty comprehending "normal" transmission of stress/strain through a solid body and "shock" transmission of stress/strain.
Imagine I have two bodies, one rigid - the other elastic.
If the rigid body is fixed in space, and the elastic body is flying at the...
Hello!
I am going to enroll in a Solid State physics course and I want to know what good books are out there on the subject at an undergrad level. Any suggestions are appreciated!
Thanks!
Hi. I am hoping someone can explain to me, what is happening. I have a 100g of 99.99% pure gallium. I placed it in a bowl and sat it in a dehydrator (lower heat than an oven) and set it for 150 degrees. In about 20 minutes, the gallium became liquid. I placed the bowl in the refrigerator and...
I have a solid sample possibly containing a few species of phosphate salts from a precipitation reaction. I am only concerned with the phosphorus in the solid sample. What are the possible methods of accurately measuring the P or PO4 content in the solid? Thank you!
Picture water flowing in a duct. In these kinds of scenarios, the loading exerted by the moving fluid to the solid in the perpendicular direction is often taken as being equal to the pressure of the fluid at the wall.
I agree that the above assumption is true for a stationary fluid. For a...
Homework Statement
A solid homogeneous hemisphere of radius a rests on top of a rough hemispherical cap of radius b, the curved faces being in contact. Show that the equilibrium is stable if a is less than 3b/5.
Homework Equations
V = mgh
The Attempt at a Solution
So the center of mass of a...
Does energy have different states analogous to the solid, liquid, gas, and plasma states of matter?
Would they be the same as "forms of energy" described here?
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forms_of_energy
The double slit experiment shows, that particle only become solid when observed, shouldn't be matter behind walls aka where it is not watched be only a potential wave and not be solid at all?
Is that what Max Planck meant when he said:
“All matter originates and exists only by virtue of a...
Homework Statement
In this video , why for the xy plane projection , it's a circle with center = y = 1 , i can understand the r = 2sin theta ? why we can't ∬ r dr dtheta where , r = 1 , and with theta = 0 to 2 pi ?
They are the same , right ? since volume = integration of area with z a-xis...
I'm curious if anyone knows of a good video of an extreme amount of pressure being applied to a sold amount of metal or other dense object. We're learning about fluids in my class, and naturally we discussed submarines, empty bottles, etc. but everything mentioned seemed to be hollow on the...
Really odd question for you guys but I'm curious about your input, and apologies if it's a foolish question to ask anyway(I'm a CS student and this came up in a discussion with a classmate of mine).
So I know this is a fairly odd thought and not likely practical in any real world scenario, but...
Homework Statement
Find the centroid of solid enclosed by surface z= y^2 , plane x=0 , x = 1 and z =1 . The density is 1
Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution
Here's my working .
Centoird = mass of inertia / mass
So , i find the mass first .
It's clear that the circle is on zx...
Homework Statement
Find the volume of the solid by subtracting two volumes, the solid enclosed by the parabolic cylinders:
y = 1 − x2,
y = x2 − 1
and the planes:
x + y + z = 2
4x + 5y − z + 20 = 0
Homework Equations
∫∫f(x,y) dA
The Attempt at a Solution
So I solved for z in the plane...
Homework Statement
By using cylindrical coordinates , evaluate the volume of solid bounded on top of sphere (x^2) + (y^2) + (z^2) = 9 and it's sides by (x^2) + (y^2) = 4x . [/B]Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution
I have sketched out the diagram , but i dun know which part is the solid...
Homework Statement
By using cylindrical coordinate , evaluate ∫ ∫ ∫ zDv , where G is the solid bounded by the cylinder (y^2) + (z^2) = 1 , cut by plane of y = x , x = 0 and z = 0
I can understand that the solid formed , was cut by x = 0 , thus the base of the solid formed has circle of (y^2) +...
Hello Everyone,
I need to find the volume of this solid bounded by the paraboloids z=x^2+y^2 and z=8-x^2-y^2. I need to find the region of integration. I need to find the limits of integration as well. I tried to graph the two surfaces. Thanks
Cbarker1
Find the volume of the following solid:
The solid lies below the surface z=x^3y and above the triangle in the xy plane with vertices (1,0), (2,1) and (4,0).
The region is graphed
(1,0);(4,0);(2,1);I need to find the y limits in the double integral.
Thanks
CBarker1
I ran into the following problem, and stuck for a couple of days now.
I have a solid body, rigid and and has uniform density. Its mass M, the location of the center of gravity x_M, y_M, z_M and its inertia matrix is known:
Jx Jxy Jxz
Jyx Jyy Jyz
Jzx Jzy Jz
I have to write an algorithm...
Homework Statement
Find the volume of solid which is bounded by z = 4-x-y and below by region in the plane of 0<x<2 , 0<y<1
When i use zx -plane projection , i found that my ans is different with the ans of using xy projection ...Which part i did wrongly ?
From the ans given , volume = 5...
Homework Statement
Homework Equations
Fubini's theorum
The Attempt at a Solution
I drawn the diagram with the limits (for x, y, and z)
and come up with something with 4 faces, 5 corners, 8 edges
is that something you guys got? Thanks
Hi I'd like to ask how you would put a droplet at high viscosity (say 2.5 million times more viscous than water) on a solid surface? The droplet would have to be small (volume less than 10uL, r<1.34mm)..
Thanks!
Homework Statement
Based on sizes for Na(.97 Angstroms), Cs(1.67 Angstroms), and Cl(1.81 Angstroms), which lattice type would you expect for NaCl and CsCl and why?
Homework Equations
My equation for the hole size for a bcc is (4/sqrt(3))(radius)-2(radius), I assume you put in the radius of Cl...
The common explanation is this: If the conductor has a net charge, then the charges repel each other until they arrange themselves symmetrically around the outside of the sphere, and if you do the math the electric field will cancel out everywhere inside the conducting sphere.
Alright, but what...
I am trying to design a drive shaft that breaks when i apply a specific torque to protect fro over torquing. I made a few samples, and now i am trying to compare the results to my equations. My problem is, none of the equations seem to match the actual results. Your help would be appreciated:
I...
Hello,
I need to learn how Solid State NMR and X-ray Crystallography work (theory and practical application). I'm primary interested in how those experimental techniques are used to determine molecular structures.
I'm an undergrad physics student and I need this to pass my final exam.
So if some...
Homework Statement
Q3a [/B]
Copper (Cu) crystallises in a face-‐centre cubic (fcc) structure (with a basis of one copper
atom). Draw a diagram of the unit cell of Cu, on your diagram indicate the (1, 1, 0) lattice plane and the [2, 2, 1] lattice direction.
Q3b: Calculate the...
Hello!
We have a solid cylinder and then we take that and drill its core so that it becomes hollow.
In which case the cylinder will be stronger?
Thanks!
I wasn't sure if I should post this in general discussion or in solid state section, but am I the only one who finds the Kittel textbook horrible? It seems full of semi-empirical, basic math, and boring, surface level observations written as dryly as possible. I really like solid state physics...
Homework Statement
A solid cylinder of uniform density of 0.85 g/cm3 floats in a glass of water tinted light blue by food coloring.
https://s1.lite.msu.edu/res/msu/kashy/physicsLib02/32_Fluids1_Pascal_Arch/graphics/archimedes.gif
Its circular surfaces are horizontal. What effect will the...
Homework Statement
A small solid sphere of mass M0, of radius R0, and of uniform density ρ0 is placed in a large bowl containing water. It floats and the level of the water in the dish is L. Given the information below, determine the possible effects on the water level L, (R-Rises, F-Falls...
I was just curious... what is the practical reason behind having two separate units for measuring volume? For instance, we can use cubic centimeters and mL interchangeably in practical medicine, i.e. injections. But we tend to use cubic (centi)meters for solids, and liters for liquids/gasses...
what is the best quality to know if a gas for example became solid ...soldification
Speacking about small quantity of gas that we can't see with our eyes ...
what electrical quantity that i need to read to know that this very light gas become a solid metal and could that quantity give me...
Hello ,
I'm trying to model the forces on a needle being inserted in a tissue. Needle tip penetrates the tissue surface and as it moves through the tissue, it experiences friction from needle-tissue interaction. Friction arises from the pressure exerted by surrounding tissue as it grips the...
Consider the internal energy of a gas and solid (different materials) both at the same temperature, which material has the larger potential energy and why? Do they also both have the same kinetic energy? Finally is the definition of temperature as the average kinetic energy of the particles only...
I have found a couple other threads like this but I am looking for something at a very beginning level. I joined an experimental condensed matter group for the summer at the school where I will be matriculating as a first-year graduate student in the fall. They study various...
So i was reading my geometry textbook and it said "and obviously there can be no solid where every vertex has a (5,5,4) arrangement"; unfortunately, this is not an obvious fact to me. Can somebody explain to me what makes this so obvious? This statement was the end of a proof by contradiction so...