Terms Definition and 1000 Threads

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  1. R

    Line integral - confusion on squares and square root terms

    line integral -- confusion on squares and square root terms Homework Statement Do you see where they have sqrt(16 sin^2t etc = 5? How do they get that, the answer should be 7, the square root of 16 is 4, sin^2 + cos^2 is 1 and the square root of 9 is 3, 3 + 4 = 7. It's like they're...
  2. F

    Differentiating 3 terms with product rule

    Homework Statement Find the derivative of (x^2)(sinx)(tanx) Homework Equations f(x+y)(d/dx)=(x)(y)d/dx+(y)(x)d/dx That's for differentiating with 2 terms. With 3, I haven't done it yet. The Attempt at a Solution x^2(sinx)(sec^2x)+tanx(sinx)2x+x^2(tanx)(cosx)...
  3. A

    Writing the Modulus of f(z) in Terms of lzl

    For expressions like: f(z) = (1+z2)/(1+z4) how does one write the modulus of that in terms of lzl?
  4. N

    Surface terms in loop integrals (2D)

    Hi everyone, Say I have a 2D one loop integral of the form $$ I^s_n(\Delta)=\int d^2 l \frac{(l^2)^s}{(l^2-\Delta)^n} $$ Using that ##1 = \frac{1}{2} \partial_\mu l^\mu##, I can relate say $$I^1_2(\Delta)=I^0_1(\Delta)$$ + total derivative term. In dimensional regularization one usually...
  5. T

    Terms of a geometric series and arithmetic series, find common ratio

    Homework Statement Different numbers x, y and z are the first three terms of a geometric progression with common ratio r, and also the first, second and fourth terms of an arithmetic progression. a. Find the value of r. b. Find which term of the arithmetic progression will next be equal to...
  6. agnibho

    Binomial theorem problem on the terms of an expansion

    Homework Statement Find an approximation of (0.99)5 using the first three terms of its expansion. 2. The attempt at a solution To get to the binomial theorem I divided 0.99 into (0.99)5 = (1-0.01)5 = {1+(-0.01)}5 Then, T1 = 5C0(1)5 = 1 x 1=1 T2 = 5C1(1)5-1(-0.01)1 = 5x1x...
  7. K

    A standard form of Complex Frequency can only have two terms?

    Standard from book: v(t)=K1e^(s1t)+K2e^(s2t) Can I have this below instead? v(t)=K1e^s1 + K1e^s2 - K2e^s3 - K2e^s4 I'm really confused, I sometimes get this when I do calculations. Any ideas? Thanks!
  8. B

    Freezing point depression in terms of intermolecular forces

    Sorry if this is an obvious question...I understand how the justification via the pressure v temp graph works, but I'm not quite understanding freezing point depression in terms of intermolecular forces and temperature. I was taught that due to attractive IMF between solute and solvent particles...
  9. G

    Understanding Energy Density of Photon Gas

    Homework Statement ##u(\omega) d\omega \propto \frac{(\hbar \omega) (\omega^2)}{e^{\hbar \omega \over k_B T}-1} d \omega ##Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution ##\hbar \omega ## is the energy of a photon ##\frac{1}{e^{\hbar \omega \over k_B T}-1} ##and this is the density of states...
  10. R

    Express the given vector in terms of its coordinates

    Homework Statement Express the given vector in terms of its coordinates: The vector from the origin to the end point of the vector from (-3,7,2) in the direction and with the length of u = (2, -3, 4) The Attempt at a Solution I don't even know the algorithm for solving this...
  11. W

    What are the basic terms in semiconductor physics and how are they defined?

    hey guys i want to know the definition of these terms & what are they but please i don't want big words because i won't understand i want to understand it simply: 1-Fermi level 2-Density of states 3-Carrier concentration & the graphs (in the attachment) 4-Mass action law 5-Charge...
  12. P

    Optics Terms: Definitions & Help

    Can you please help me find which terms match these definitions: 1. Reflection from a smooth surface in which the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection. 2. Imaginary line perpendicular to the surface and serves as a reference line for angular measurement. 3. Straight...
  13. Dale

    The terms absolute and relative

    The terms "absolute" and "relative" In discussions about relativity I use the term "absolute" as a synonym for "frame invariant" and "relative" as a synonym for "frame variant". I went to look for an authoritative definition and could not find one, so I am a little concerned. Is my usage...
  14. J

    How do I write radian decimals in terms of Pi?

    How would i write 1.047 rad in terms of pi? I know the answer i will get is Pi/3 rad, but HOW do i get this answer? I know how to convert degrees to radians and vice versa in terms of pi but this particular question is in radians. Help?
  15. K

    Odd-Numbered Arithmetic Progressions: A Different Perspective

    "If we have to take three terms in an AP, it is convenient ti take them as a-d,a,a+d. In general, we take a-rd,a-(r-1)d,...,a-d,a,a+d, in case we have to take (2r+1) terms in an AP." What do they mean by the portion in bold? What is 'r' here ?
  16. T

    Radial and Circumferential Components in terms of t

    Homework Statement Let \vec{R} = (t + \sin t) \hat{i} + (t + \cos t) \hat{j} denotes at time t the position of a moving particle. Determine the radial and circumferential components of acceleration as a function of t. Homework Equations v_r = \dot{r} v_{\theta} = r\dot{\theta}...
  17. C

    Math & Physics Books for College Level: Recommendations

    So I have read both of the following books Teach yourself physics http://www.amazon.com/dp/1444103091/?tag=pfamazon01-20 complete mathematics http://www.amazon.com/dp/1444105027/?tag=pfamazon01-20 Now I am not sure where to go from here. My goal is to have a firm understanding of...
  18. P

    Help With Physics Terms (Nuclear)

    Can someone please help me figure out which terms match these definitions for nuclear physics? 1. Process in which a nuclide is transformed into a nuclide of a different element. 2. Total number of nucleons remains constant. 3. A radioactive transformation of a nuclide in which a bound...
  19. C

    How Many Terms Are in the Geometric Sequence?

    Homework Statement How many terms has the G.p whose 2nd term is 1/2 and common ratio and the last term 1/4 and 1/128 respectiveley? From the question, it can be deduced that the common ratio, r =1/4 and the last term = 1/128 Homework Equations The Nt term of a G.p = arn-1...
  20. N

    IR terms from massless modes in 2D sigma model

    Hi All, My first post here. As far as I've understood there are problems with massless states in two dimensions. In the problem I am working on I have a 2D (non linear) sigma model with a lot of symmetries. The worldsheet fields come as heavy and massless. My main interest is to...
  21. 3

    'Low Level' Error Terms in Expected Mean Square Calculation

    I'm currently studying experiments where one or more factors are random, i.e. random effects models. In this model a professor explained that the Expected Mean Square calculations for any factor are: Expected Mean Square (factor) = (lower level error terms) + (term relating to factor) For...
  22. G

    Can anyone define anti-matter in concrete terms?

    Without using ' opposite charges of matter' explanation as a foundation for defining anti-matter, I wonder if anyone can present a more direct definition and examples.
  23. F

    Simplifying arctan(cot(x)) to Terms of x and Constants

    Hello, I need help trying to simplify the equation below, I believe it should be in terms of x and constants only, no trigonometry. "Simplify arctan(cot(x)), assuming 0<x<pi/2" After many attempted solutions and failures, my most recent attempt is below. let arctan(1/tanx) = u ==> tan...
  24. P

    Electron density in terms of squares of wavefunctions

    Dear all, I have a quantum system made up of two layers. An electric field is applied with two voltages applied at both layers. I want to calculate the electronic densities that reside at the two laters in terms of the wavefunctions obtained from solving the HamiltoniaN..Anyone knows of an...
  25. R

    Expectation of a Function of a RV in terms of PDF

    Homework Statement Find the expected value of cos(A+B) where A is a constant and B is a random variable with a pdf f(b). Present the answer in terms of f(b). The Attempt at a Solution I don't know how far I can go with the answer -- I have tried for a bit now to remove an integral with no...
  26. J

    How Do You Apply Laplace Transform to Shifted Functions in Calculus?

    Homework Statement Find Laplace transformation H(t-1)t^2Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution [2(e^-s)f(t^2)]/s^3 I'm not sure how to get t^2 in terms of t-1 I know the answer is (2+2s+s^2)/s^3
  27. S

    Two-Decimal Place Accuracy: Sum & Integral Solution

    Homework Statement The problem along with its detailed solution are attached. Homework Equations Inequality, infinite summation and improper integral. The Attempt at a Solution I'm following the solution but I can't justify the first (and only) less-than-or-equal sign. Why is that...
  28. C

    What is copulas exactly, in probability and finance terms

    Hi, all I have been reading about copula, but still very confused. What exactly is a copula? My understanding is: there are couple of components 1. uniform cdf marginal 2. a covariance matrix What exactly is this thing? Why am I calculating the marginals and what does it have to do...
  29. M

    Physics and mathematical terms dealing with 1_

    Hey everyone, This is a really strange question and I wasn't sure where to post it, but I need those who are well versed in physics and math to help with this. I recently started a new band and we came up with the symbol "1_" as our logo. We had a name, One Unknown, but we found out that it...
  30. J

    Express Eigenvectors in terms of Eigenkets.

    Homework Statement One of the problems in our test is this. Express the eigenvectors of J_y in terms of the eigenkets of J^2 and J_z . Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution I know the matrix of J_y and the operators or eigenkets for J_y , J^2 and J_z . I just don't seem...
  31. D

    Interference terms in particle spin

    In the double slit experiment there are interference terms which are responsible for the way in which particles appear on a screen (diffraction pattern). The density matrix for an electron with spin |+X> going into a stern Gerlach alligned in the z direction also has off diagonal terms which...
  32. K

    A problem involving Force in terms of time?

    A problem involving Force in terms of time? Homework Statement There is a body of 3 kg which is moving to the right with a velocity of 10 m/s. A force of 6 N/s2t2 is applied on the body to the left. How much distane will the body have traveled from t=0 when its velocity is 0 m/s...
  33. J

    Transposing Terms for an Isotropic Oscillator

    Homework Statement The problem asks us to find the equation for an isotropic oscillator in the form of an equation for an ellipse. I'm in PHYS 212, Analytic Mechanics. Homework Equations x=Acost(ωt) y=5Acos(ωt-.6435) The equations I found for x and y. The Attempt at a...
  34. N

    Looking for: Schrödinger equation in terms of phase and modulus

    Hello, I can't seem to find a reference formulating the Schrödinger equation as a set of two differential equations in terms of the modulus |\psi| and the phase S instead as one diff. eq. in terms of the complex wavefunction \psi = |\psi|e^{i S}. Can anyone show me the way?
  35. A

    Evaluating integral in terms of Gamma functions

    Homework Statement The Gamma function is given by \Gamma(x) = 0∫∞ tx-1e-t dt Evaluate 0∫∞ exp(-αy2)dy in terms of Gamma functions. Homework Equations n/a The Attempt at a Solution Honestly, I don't know where to start. I have knowledge of parametric differentiation (we use...
  36. alexmahone

    MHB Write f(x) in terms of the unit step function u(x)

    Write f(x) in terms of the unit step function u(x). $u(x)=\left\{ \begin{array}{rcl} 1\ &\text{if}& \ x\geq 0 \\ 0\ &\text{if}& \ x<0\end{array} \right.$ $f(x)=\left\{ \begin{array}{rcl} 1\ &\text{if}& \ 2n\le x\le 2n+1 \\ 0\ &\text{elsewhere}\end{array} \right.$
  37. I

    Solving a systems of differential equations in terms of x(t) and y(t)

    Homework Statement x' ={{-1,1},{-4, 3}}*x, with x(0) = {{1},{1}} Solve the differential equation where x = {{x(t)}, {y(t)}} Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution I have e^t*{{1},{-2}} + e^t*{{t},{2t+1}} but I'm not sure how to get it in terms of what it's asking.Edit: Please quick...
  38. K

    Find the terms that add up to 1010100

    Homework Statement Which terms of this sequence add up to 1010100? (Don't need to be consecutive terms) {an}∞n=1 = {n(n+1)/2}∞n=1 Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution The sequence is made up of the sums of all the numbers less than and including n. Don't really know much more...
  39. J

    Temperature defined in terms of entropy and energy

    According to wikipedia :- " Formally, temperature is defined as the derivative of the internal energy with respect to the entropy." I always thought entropy is defined in terms of energy and temperature. IS this true that temperature is defined in terms of entropy and energy? According...
  40. N

    Integration of O() terms of the Taylor series

    Hello, I have two functions say f1(β) and f2(β) as follows: f1(β)=1/(aδ^2) + 1/(bδ) + O(1) ... (1) and f2(β)= c+dδ+O(δ^2) ... (2) where δ = β-η and a,b,c,d and η are constants. Eq. (1) and (2) are the Taylor series expansions of f1(β) and f2(β) about η...
  41. J

    Total energy of a star in terms of average temp.

    Homework Statement The problem I am doing is problem 1.55 in Schroeders Intro to Thermal Physics. Unfortunately, I have to come here for help a lot because the office hourse are not until after the homework is due...In any case, the first part of the question was to show that the potential...
  42. M

    Reparametrize the curve in terms of arc length

    Reparametrize the curve R(t) in terms of arc length measured from the point where t = 0 R(t) is defined by x = et, y = \sqrt{2}t, z = -e-t Arc length S = ∫ ||R'(t)||dt ||R'(t)||= sqrt{\dot{x}2 + \dot{y}2 + \dot{z}2}The attempt at a solution Getting R'(t) ==> x = et, y = \sqrt{2}, z = e-t...
  43. M

    Can someone explain the following terms such as inertia momentum

    hi i am not a newbie to physics but some terms are quite confusing such as inertia, momentum and many other similar ones can anyone explain what actually the momentum is so that my concept become more clear about it.. thank you
  44. K

    Neglecting terms in a Lagrangian

    Say we have a Lagrangian \mathcal{L}=\bar{u}i\kern+0.15em /\kern-0.65em Du+\bar{d}i\kern+0.15em /\kern-0.65em Dd-m_u\bar{u}u-m_d\bar{d}d, where u and d are fermions. In Peskin&Schroeder p. 667 it says that if m_u and m_d are very small, we can neglect the last two terms of the Lagrangian. I'd...
  45. T

    The cause of buoyancy in terms of the molecules

    I think that buoyancy is caused by the increase of density with depth (the deeper you go, the more molecules there are per unit volume). Therefore an object in a fluid will be hit by more of the fluid molecules from below than from above (even if the difference is only a tiny fraction of 1%). Is...
  46. A

    Unit Vector polar in terms of cartesian

    Homework Statement Prove that the unit vector r{hat} of two-dimensional polar coordinates is equal to r{hat}= x{hat}cosθ + y{hat}sinθ and find the corresponding expression for θ{hat}. all I need is the last part... I'm just not sure what θ{hat} is? How do I go about doing this? Nothing in my...
  47. J

    Can Someone Explain the Ac Stark Shift in Layman's Terms

    Can someone explain how the Stark Effect works in Layman's terms? I'm trying to understand how an electric field can cool down atoms. What is the electric field doing exactly to the atoms? How is it lowering the atomic energy levels? Is there a difference between Stark Shifting and Stark...
  48. J

    Why is semiconductor band structure expressed in terms of momentum?

    I've been having a very difficult time understanding why band structure is expressed in terms of momentum/crystalline directions. I've included a picture of the band structure of silicon so that you can better understand my question. I think I understand basic crystalline structures and the...
  49. B

    Function in terms of its partial derivatives

    Hi, I remember having read in basic calculus that the following is true, but I don't know what this property is called and am having a hard time finding a reference to this. d u(x,y) = \frac{\partial u}{\partial x} dx + \frac{\partial u}{\partial y} dy Ques: Is this true ? Is this true for...
  50. M

    Spin state function of a beam of particles in terms of eigenfunctions.

    Hi there, I apologise that I should probably know this/its a stupid question but I seem to have forgotten all physics over the holiday and so any help would be great! I have been told that there is a beam of atoms with spin quantum number 1/2 and zero orbital angular momentum, with spin +1/2...
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