1-this is what is written in my book:E= Ir+E' where E' is the back

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The discussion centers on the behavior of electrical motors, particularly regarding back electromotive force (back emf) and its implications for power conversion. Participants question why back emf is treated as a constant despite varying current, and whether mechanical power decreases under load due to changes in back emf. There is also curiosity about energy transfer from inductors to generators and the nature of inrush current in AC devices. Additionally, the relationship between average power and the phase angle in sinusoidal systems is explored, alongside the mechanisms of energy storage in capacitors. Overall, the conversation highlights key principles of electrical engineering and the dynamics of motor operation.
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1-this is what is written in my book:
E= Ir+E' where E' is the back emf, r and E' are constants
P(mechanical)=E'*I
an electrical motor functions only if the generator connected across its terminals delivers a positive potential difference that exceeds its back emf.
So my question is, why are they regarding the back emf as constant quantity that characterizes each motor though the current across the motor is not always constant?

2-"in case we connected a pure inductor(coil) to AC generator, during a part of the cycle, energy is actually transferred from the inductor (load) back into the voltage source. we get a net power dissipation of zero."
how could energy be transferred to a generator??
in this case, a current is traversing the circuit without dissipating energy, will the current traversing the coil in this situation has a very large intensity as the case of a short circuit?

3-is there any proof why the average power equals cosine the phase angle (Φ) between voltage and current(case of sinusoidal voltage)?

4-does the back emf in motors have sinusoidal form?

5-P(mechanical)=E'*I where E' is the back emf
is this formula of mechanical power converted by the motor right??

6-does the electrical energy converted to mechanical energy by the motor increase when the motor is loaded? will the intensity of the traversing current increase?

7-in case a motor is loaded, will the mechanical power converted by the motor be smaller although the intensity of current has increased??
since P(mechanical)=E'*I where E' is the back emf, E' decreases when the motor is loaded?

8-what causes Inrush current drawn by an electrical device when first turned on in case we are supplying the device AC current?

9-why does the capacitor gets the same voltage of the generator after it is disconnected?

10-i have understood how a capacitor stores charge, but my question is how does capacitor stores energy? is storing charge the same as storing energy?
 
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10) Capacitor stores energy in the form of electric field in between the plates. (Field has energy associated with it!)
 


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brainyman89 said:
2-how could energy be transferred to a generator??
Does that really happen. I thought that a current flowed through the generator (which wasn't generated by the generator)
3-is there any proof why the average power equals cosine the phase angle (Φ) between voltage and current(case of sinusoidal voltage)?
I have one in my textbook.
4-does the back emf in motors have sinusoidal form?
I think yes.
5-9
i replied just because nobody else was replying.
 
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