Circular Motion: Tangential and Normal Acceleration

In summary, the conversation on Physicsforum involved a user seeking help with a physics problem involving tangential acceleration and velocity. The conversation included a discussion on relevant equations and information needed to solve the problem. Ultimately, the user was able to come up with a solution with the help of others on the forum.
  • #1
Heexit
10
3
Homework Statement
A particle moves in a circular path of radius R in such a way that the tangential acceleration is equal to the normal acceleration. Determine the velocity as a function of time t and the initial velocity (v_0).
Relevant Equations
N/A
Hello Physicsforum!

This is my attempt:
First I realised:
##a_s=a_n##

Secondly I used since previus known formulas:
##a_n=\frac {v^2} {R}##
##v=v_0+a_s*t##

Although now I do not know how to continue, any suggestions would be appriciated!
Thanks for your help on beforehand :smile:
 
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  • #2
Heexit said:
##v=v_0+a_s*t##
That is only if the tangential acceleration has constant magnitude.
What equation relates ##a_s## to ##v_s## more generally?

Unless you have left out some information, there is no way to determine ##v_0##.
 
  • #3
haruspex said:
That is only if the tangential acceleration has constant magnitude.
What equation relates ##a_s## to ##v_s## more generally?

Unless you have left out some information, there is no way to determine ##v_0##.
Thanks for your help!

The only equation that I can think of is:
##a_s=\frac {dv} {dt}##
Anything more than that I can't think of :/

There might have been some inaccurate translation on my side, sorry about that. The question does not ask us for a define value of ##v_0##, rather an expression of variables, see solution in picture below:
1685002553625.png
 
  • #4
Heexit said:
The only equation that I can think of is:
##a_s=\frac {dv} {dt}##
That will do nicely. Combine that with your other information.
Heexit said:
The question does not ask us for a define value of ##v_0##, rather an expression of variables, see solution in picture below:
View attachment 327036
Ok.
 
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  • #5
Thanks for your help!
Here is my solution:
1685006197544.png
 
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  • #6
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Related to Circular Motion: Tangential and Normal Acceleration

What is tangential acceleration in circular motion?

Tangential acceleration refers to the rate of change of the tangential velocity of an object moving along a circular path. It acts along the direction of the tangent to the path at the point of interest and is responsible for changing the speed of the object along the circular path.

What is normal (or centripetal) acceleration in circular motion?

Normal acceleration, also known as centripetal acceleration, is the acceleration directed towards the center of the circular path. It is responsible for changing the direction of the object's velocity, keeping it moving along the circular path. The magnitude of centripetal acceleration is given by \(a_c = \frac{v^2}{r}\), where \(v\) is the tangential velocity and \(r\) is the radius of the circular path.

How do you calculate the total acceleration in circular motion?

The total acceleration in circular motion is the vector sum of tangential and normal (centripetal) accelerations. If \(a_t\) is the tangential acceleration and \(a_c\) is the centripetal acceleration, the total acceleration \(a\) can be found using the Pythagorean theorem: \(a = \sqrt{a_t^2 + a_c^2}\).

What is the relationship between tangential acceleration and angular acceleration?

Tangential acceleration \(a_t\) is related to angular acceleration \(\alpha\) by the equation \(a_t = r \alpha\), where \(r\) is the radius of the circular path. This relationship indicates that tangential acceleration is directly proportional to both the angular acceleration and the radius of the path.

Can an object have tangential acceleration without normal acceleration in circular motion?

No, an object cannot have tangential acceleration without normal acceleration in circular motion. If an object is moving along a circular path and its speed is changing (indicating tangential acceleration), it must also have normal acceleration to maintain its circular trajectory. The normal acceleration ensures the object stays on the curved path, while tangential acceleration changes its speed along that path.

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