Condensate flow and mold in mini-split ductless AC indoor unit

In summary, the conversation discusses the phenomenon of condensed water accumulating on the evaporator of an air conditioner, and the concern of this water being carried into the room by the blower. The experts explain that the design of the air conditioner prevents this from happening, as the airflow velocity is too low to carry the droplets off the evaporator. They also caution against pouring disinfectant onto the evaporator, suggesting alternative methods such as using coil cleaner or using tablets to prevent microbial growth in the drain pan. It is also mentioned that accumulation of dust in the coil can cause problems and that the air handling unit being part of a mini-split system might be a factor in the foul smell.
  • #1
Swamp Thing
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My AC has begun to emit a rather foul smell, which has led me to geek out on the inner workings of its indoor section.

For example, how does the condensed moisture make its way to the drain pan? I am assuming that the condensation happens on the fins of the evaporator. But in that case, what prevents the condensed water droplets from being drawn through the fins and through the blower, and then being thrown into the room?

This question in turn arises because I was wondering if a bit of diluted disinfectant or antifungal liquid, if poured onto the top of the evaporator, will end up mostly in the drain pan? If yes, then that will be a way for me to disinfect the drain pan without dismantling the unit.
 
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  • #2
The water is already in the incoming air. When the air temperature drops when in contact with the evaporator, the air loses the ability to transport that much water, and thus the extra water is expelled from the air, falling on the evaporator. This is the same phenomenon as when the hot air from inside the house hits a cold window: The water leaves the cooler air and rests on the window.

Looking at this table, imagine you have air at 50°C with 50 % relative humidity; that's 41.5 g/m³ of water coming in. After crossing the evaporator, it's now at 25°C. The maximum possible relative humidity is 100 % or 23.0 g/m³ of water. The difference must come out of the air and thus accumulates on the evaporator. When there is too much on the evaporator, it drips away.

So what came out of the air because of a temperature change will never go back in, i.e. being picked up again, unless much dryer or hotter air comes in afterward.
 
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  • #3
jack action said:
When there is too much on the evaporator, it drips away.
That is exactly my point. My question is not about re-evaporation of this dripping water (which is what your reply addresses, if I understand correctly).

My question is about mechanical transport of the dripping water, impelled by the blower, into the room. What prevents this?
 
  • #4
Surface tension?

##\ ##
 
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  • #5
hutchphd said:
Surface tension?

##\ ##

So if I slowly and carefully dribble some disinfectant-laced water onto the top of the evaporator, it will find its way into the drain pan and not damage other things, and not drip out of the air outlet?
 
  • #6
Were I worrying about such things, I would
  1. Get a good spray bottle, put in a solution of water with a few squirts dish detergent (not the dishwasher stuff) and set it on fine mist
  2. Remove the "air filter sponge" on the inlet
  3. turn on the airflow and allow the sprayed mist to be inhaled by the air conditioner for a while suficient to use up some spray and dribble out the efflux pipe
I have never done this nor do I claim particular expertise
 
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  • #7
Swamp Thing said:
My question is about mechanical transport of the dripping water, impelled by the blower, into the room. What prevents this?
The airflow velocity is too low (by design) to carry the droplets off the evaporator so instead they fall into the drain pan.
 
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  • #8
Swamp Thing said:
So if I slowly and carefully dribble some disinfectant-laced water onto the top of the evaporator, it will find its way into the drain pan and not damage other things, and not drip out of the air outlet?
Please don't. The properties of water including surface tension, mass and vapor pressure along with the velocity keep it on the coil. The disinfectant might just evaporate into the air.

Just buy coil cleaner and spray it on the coil with the unit off. They are usually citric acid based.

And make sure you are using decent filters; an ac evaporator coil should normally be clean aluminum covered with distilled water. Not an attractive place for mold.

Unless you/the inhabitants are a smoker.
 
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  • #9
Swamp Thing said:
... This question in turn arises because I was wondering if a bit of diluted disinfectant or antifungal liquid, if poured onto the top of the evaporator, will end up mostly in the drain pan? If yes, then that will be a way for me to disinfect the drain pan without dismantling the unit.
There are some commercially available tablets that keep certain type of algae to grow in condensate pans that are not fully draining out due to incorrect leveling of the air handler unit.

Lacking those tablets that slowly dissolve themselves, some people use small amounts of vinegar once a month or so.

Accumulation of dust in the coil (due to deficient filter) can produce all kind of problems, since disruption of air flow and heat transfer until microbial growth.

Is your air handling unit part of a mini-split system, as the title of the thread seems to suggest?
 
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  • #10
Lnewqban said:
Is your air handling unit part of a mini-split system, as the title of the thread seems to suggest?
Yes, it is.
 
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FAQ: Condensate flow and mold in mini-split ductless AC indoor unit

What causes condensate to form in a mini-split ductless AC indoor unit?

Condensate forms in a mini-split ductless AC indoor unit primarily due to the cooling process. When warm, humid air passes over the cold evaporator coils, the moisture in the air condenses into water droplets, which are then collected and drained away. This is a normal part of the air conditioning process.

How can I prevent mold growth in my mini-split ductless AC indoor unit?

To prevent mold growth, regularly clean and maintain your unit. Ensure proper drainage of condensate, keep the filters clean, and periodically clean the evaporator coils. Using a dehumidifier in particularly humid environments can also help reduce the risk of mold growth.

What should I do if I notice water leaking from my mini-split ductless AC indoor unit?

If you notice water leaking, check the condensate drain line for clogs or obstructions. Ensure that the unit is properly installed and level, as improper installation can cause drainage issues. If the problem persists, contact a professional technician to inspect and repair the unit.

How often should I clean the condensate drain line in my mini-split ductless AC indoor unit?

It's recommended to clean the condensate drain line at least once a year. However, if you live in a particularly humid area or notice signs of blockage, such as water leaks or mold growth, you may need to clean it more frequently.

Can a mini-split ductless AC indoor unit operate effectively with mold present?

While the unit may still operate, the presence of mold can significantly impact its efficiency and air quality. Mold can obstruct airflow, reduce cooling performance, and pose health risks. It's important to address mold issues promptly to ensure the unit operates effectively and maintains healthy indoor air quality.

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