Electric field at the center of the equilateral triangle

In summary, In the above conversation, the distance from each point to the center is equal to r=20x1.732/3 = 11.55 cm. E2 and E3 due to -4µEyC on x-direction canceled each other, resulting in the net E-field being E = E1 +E2y+E3Y. The answer key says the net E-field should be 2.7x10^6 V/m, but kQ1/r^2 + (KQ2)/r^2 = (k/r^2) (Q1-Q2) results in the final E-field being 4.05x10^ N/
  • #1
hellowmad
11
2
Homework Statement
Consider an equilateral triangle of side 20. cm. A charge of +2.0 μC is placed at one vertex and charges of -4.0 μC are placed at the other two vertices. Determine the magnitude and direction of the electric field at the center of the triangle.
Relevant Equations
E = kQ1/r^2
I've found the distance from each point to the center, which is equal to r=20x1.732/3 = 11.55 cm.
I find out that E2 and E3 due to -4µEyC on x-direction canceled each other.
The E2y = E3Y = EY = E2Ycos60 = E2/2 = [(KQ2)/r^2]/2
So the net E-field:
E = E1 +E2y+E3Y
=kQ1/r^2 + [(KQ2)/r^2]/2 + [(KQ2)/r^2]/2
= kQ1/r^2 + (KQ2)/r^2
= (k/r^2) (|Q1|+|Q2|)
= (9 x 10^9/0.1155^2) [(0.000002) + (0.000006)]
= 4.05x10^ N/C
= 4.05x10^ V/m

However, answer key say it should be 2.7x10^6 V/m. Do I do something wrong?
 
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  • #2
hellowmad said:
kQ1/r^2 + (KQ2)/r^2
= (k/r^2) (|Q1|+|Q2|)
Where did the modulus signs come from?
 
  • #3
It is not modulus sign. it just means absolute number only. So, it stands as 2µC and 4µC.
 
  • #4
hellowmad said:
It is not modulus sign. it just means absolute number only. So, it stands as 2µC and 4µC.
That is what I mean by modulus here, the absolute value. Why are you taking the absolute values of the charges?
 
  • #5
No matter what charge places on the center of triangle, the E field direction of two -4µC's Y-direction is the same as that of 2µC one. The final E-field is the sum of them, So I take the absolute values of the charges here. Thanks
 
  • #6
hellowmad said:
= (k/r^2) (|Q1|+|Q2|)
= (9 x 10^9/0.1155^2) [(0.000002) + (0.000006)]
|Q2| is 4 μC , not 6 μC. But I think this is just a typo. The total inside the square brackets is 6 μC.

hellowmad said:
= 4.05x10^ N/C
= 4.05x10^ V/m
This looks correct to me if you intended the power of 10 to be 6.

hellowmad said:
However, answer key say it should be 2.7x10^6 V/m.
I think the key is wrong and your answer is right.
 
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  • #7
Thank TSny. Yes couple typo. Sorry for that. My answer is 4.05x10^6 V/m.

Thank you everyone
 
  • #8
hellowmad said:
No matter what charge places on the center of triangle, the E field direction of two -4µC's Y-direction is the same as that of 2µC one. The final E-field is the sum of them, So I take the absolute values of the charges here. Thanks
Right, but that's a dodgy way to fix it. Your working should have been
hellowmad said:
E = E1 +E2y+E3Y
=kQ1/r^2 - [(KQ2)/r^2]/2 - [(KQ2)/r^2]/2
= kQ1/r^2 - (KQ2)/r^2
= (k/r^2) (Q1-Q2)
The minus signs in line 2 reflect the fact that those charges are on the opposite side.

Btw, the book answer is exactly 2/3 of yours. That should be a clue as to where they went wrong, but I can't pick it.
 
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  • #9
Yes, this is the point I post here to see if I forget something or make a mistake.
 
  • #10
hellowmad said:
Yes, this is the point I post here to see if I forget something or make a mistake.
I repeated the calculation and I agree with your answer. It does not look like you have made a mistake or overlooked something.
 
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  • #11
Thank you so much kuruman
 
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Related to Electric field at the center of the equilateral triangle

What is the electric field at the center of an equilateral triangle with identical charges at each vertex?

The electric field at the center of an equilateral triangle with identical charges at each vertex is zero. This is because the contributions from each charge cancel each other out due to symmetry.

How do you calculate the electric field at the center of an equilateral triangle with different charges?

To calculate the electric field at the center of an equilateral triangle with different charges, you need to use the principle of superposition. Calculate the electric field due to each charge at the center and then vectorially sum these fields to get the resultant electric field.

What is the formula for the electric field due to a single charge at a distance from the center of an equilateral triangle?

The electric field due to a single charge \( q \) at a distance \( r \) from the center of an equilateral triangle is given by \( E = \frac{kq}{r^2} \), where \( k \) is Coulomb's constant. The direction of the field is along the line joining the charge and the center.

How does the distance from the center to a vertex of the equilateral triangle affect the electric field calculation?

The distance from the center to a vertex of an equilateral triangle affects the magnitude of the electric field due to each charge. This distance is given by \( \frac{a}{\sqrt{3}} \) where \( a \) is the side length of the triangle. This distance is used in the formula for calculating the electric field due to each charge.

Can the electric field at the center of an equilateral triangle be non-zero? Under what conditions?

Yes, the electric field at the center of an equilateral triangle can be non-zero if the charges at the vertices are not identical. In such cases, the electric fields due to the different charges do not cancel out completely, resulting in a net electric field at the center.

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