A FET (Field-Effect Transistor) is a type of transistor that uses an electric field to control the flow of current. It has three terminals: source, drain, and gate. The gate terminal controls the flow of current between the source and drain terminals.
A FET transistor works by applying a voltage to the gate terminal, which creates an electric field that controls the flow of current between the source and drain terminals. When a positive voltage is applied to the gate, it attracts negatively charged electrons to the surface of the semiconductor material, creating a conductive channel between the source and drain. This allows current to flow through the transistor.
A voltage divider is a circuit that divides a voltage into smaller parts. It is typically made up of two resistors in series, with the output voltage taken from the connection between the two resistors. The output voltage is determined by the ratio of the two resistors, with the larger resistor producing a larger output voltage.
A voltage divider works by using the principle of Ohm's law, which states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points. In a voltage divider, the two resistors in series create a voltage drop across each resistor, with the sum of the two voltage drops equal to the input voltage. The output voltage is then determined by the ratio of the two resistors.
Voltage dividers have many applications in electrical engineering, including as a level shifter, a sensor interface, a biasing circuit for transistors, and a feedback network in operational amplifiers. They are also commonly used in power supplies to provide a stable output voltage.