Finding a Second-Order Differential Equation

In summary, the conversation discusses how to form a second-order differential equation for a rotating object's motion using its potential energy and kinetic energy. The equation can be derived by considering the total energy of the object, which remains constant over time. The correct equation is -5sinθ = d^2θ/dt^2, and the person asking for help had made a mistake in applying the chain rule.
  • #1
JNBirDy
38
0

Homework Statement


A rotating objects motion can be described by its angle (θ). Given that an objects potential energy is U = 100(1-cosθ) and its kinetic energy is K = 10(dθ/dt)^2, form a second-order differential equation. Note that Total Energy = P + K, and that total energy does not change w.r.t. time.


Homework Equations



E = U + K

The Attempt at a Solution



E=U+K
E= 100(1-cosθ) + 10(dθ/dt)^2
d(E)/dt = d/dt (100(1-cosθ)) + d/dt (10(dθ/dt)^2)
0 = 100sinθ + 20(dθ/dt)(d^2θ/dt^2)
-100sinθ = 20(dθ/dt)(d^2θ/dt^2)
-5sinθ =(dθ/dt)(d^2θ/dt^2)

Hmm.. the answer should be -5sinθ = d^2θ/dt^2. What am I doing wrong? Any help would be appreciated.
 
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  • #2
d/dt (cos(theta))=(-sin(theta))*d(theta)/dt. That's the chain rule.
 
  • #3
Dick said:
d/dt (cos(theta))=(-sin(theta))*d(theta)/dt. That's the chain rule.

Yes, thank you, I figured it out this morning. Silly mistake...
 

Related to Finding a Second-Order Differential Equation

1. What is a second-order differential equation?

A second-order differential equation is a mathematical equation that involves an unknown function, its first derivative, and its second derivative. It is used to model systems that involve acceleration, such as motion and oscillations.

2. How do you solve a second-order differential equation?

To solve a second-order differential equation, you must first determine the type of equation (linear, non-linear, homogeneous, etc.) and then use various techniques such as separation of variables, substitution, or power series to find the solution. It is also important to have initial conditions or boundary conditions to fully determine the solution.

3. What are the applications of second-order differential equations?

Second-order differential equations have a wide range of applications in science and engineering. They are used to model physical systems such as motion, electricity and magnetism, heat transfer, and population dynamics. They are also used in fields such as economics, biology, and chemistry.

4. How do you know if a second-order differential equation has a unique solution?

A second-order differential equation has a unique solution if it satisfies the Picard-Lindelöf theorem, which states that the solution exists and is unique if the equation is well-posed. This means that the equation is well-defined and has initial or boundary conditions that fully determine the solution.

5. What are the differences between first-order and second-order differential equations?

The main difference between first-order and second-order differential equations is the number of unknown functions and their derivatives. First-order equations involve only one unknown function and its first derivative, while second-order equations involve an additional second derivative. This means that the solution to a second-order equation has two constants of integration, compared to only one for a first-order equation.

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