Frequency is defined as the inverse of time, expressed as frequency = 1/t, applicable in all cases. In the context of a momentum lab example with a frequency of 1/50, this indicates a period of 50 seconds. Frequency is typically measured in Hertz, which is equivalent to cycles per second, although units for cycles are often omitted. The variable 't' usually represents the period (T), which measures the time it takes for a wave to complete one cycle. Understanding these concepts is crucial for accurately interpreting frequency and time relationships.