Mixed states and total wave function for three-Fermion-systems

In summary: They are used to construct antisymmetric wave functions for fermionic systems. In summary, the conversation is discussing the use of Slater determinants to create antisymmetric wave functions for fermionic systems.
  • #1
Like Tony Stark
179
6
Homework Statement
Find the total wave function (including the spatial part) of a system of three spin ##\frac{1}{2}## particles.
Relevant Equations
##\Psi = \psi_s(x_1, x_2, x_3) \xi_a (S_1, S_2, S_3) + \psi_a(x_1, x_2, x_3) \xi_s (S_1, S_2, S_3)##
I've already calculated the total spin of the system in the addition basis:

##\ket{1 \frac{3}{2} \frac{3}{2}}; \ket{1 \frac{3}{2} \frac{-3}{2}}; \ket{1 \frac{3}{2} \frac{1}{2}}; \ket{1 \frac{3}{2} \frac{-3}{2}}; \ket{0 \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2}}; \ket{0 \frac{1}{2} \frac{-1}{2}}; \ket{1 \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2}}; \ket{1 \frac{1}{2} \frac{-1}{2}}##

The states corresponding to the ##j=\frac{3}{2}##-subspace are symmetric and I'll call it ##\xi_s (S_1, S_2, S_3)##, while the other states are neither symmetric nor antisymmetric.

The total wave function must be antisymmetric since the system is fermionic. If there were antisymmetric states, the wave function would be:

##\Psi = \psi_s(x_1, x_2, x_3) \xi_a (S_1, S_2, S_3) + \psi_a(x_1, x_2, x_3) \xi_s (S_1, S_2, S_3)##

with

##\psi_s(x_1, x_2, x_3)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3!}} [\psi_1 (x_1) \psi_2 (x_2) \psi_3 (x_3)+\psi_1 (x_1) \psi_2 (x_3) \psi_3 (x_2)+\psi_1 (x_2) \psi_2 (x_1) \psi_3 (x_3)+\psi_1 (x_2) \psi_2 (x_3) \psi_3 (x_1)+\psi_1 (x_3) \psi_2 (x_1) \psi_3 (x_2)+\psi_1 (x_3) \psi_2 (x_2) \psi_3 (x_1)]##

##\psi_a(x_1, x_2, x_3)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3!}} [\psi_1 (x_1) \psi_2 (x_2) \psi_3 (x_3)-\psi_1 (x_1) \psi_2 (x_3) \psi_3 (x_2)-\psi_1 (x_2) \psi_2 (x_1) \psi_3 (x_3)+\psi_1 (x_2) \psi_2 (x_3) \psi_3 (x_1)+\psi_1 (x_3) \psi_2 (x_1) \psi_3 (x_2)-\psi_1 (x_3) \psi_2 (x_2) \psi_3 (x_1)]##

But we don't have ##\xi_a (S_1, S_2, S_3)## states.

What should I do?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2
  • Like
Likes DrClaude and topsquark

FAQ: Mixed states and total wave function for three-Fermion-systems

What is a mixed state in the context of three-Fermion systems?

A mixed state in the context of three-Fermion systems refers to a statistical ensemble of several possible quantum states. Unlike a pure state, which is described by a single wave function, a mixed state represents a probability distribution over multiple possible states. This is typically described using a density matrix, which accounts for the probabilities of the system being in each of the possible states.

How is the total wave function for a three-Fermion system constructed?

The total wave function for a three-Fermion system is constructed by ensuring that the wave function is antisymmetric with respect to the exchange of any two Fermions, as required by the Pauli exclusion principle. This is often achieved by constructing Slater determinants from the single-particle wave functions of the Fermions. The total wave function is a linear combination of these determinants, ensuring the antisymmetry property is maintained.

What role does the Pauli exclusion principle play in three-Fermion systems?

The Pauli exclusion principle is crucial in three-Fermion systems as it dictates that no two Fermions can occupy the same quantum state simultaneously. This principle forces the total wave function of the system to be antisymmetric under the exchange of any two Fermions. This antisymmetry leads to the creation of Slater determinants when constructing the total wave function for the system.

How do you represent the density matrix for a mixed state in a three-Fermion system?

The density matrix for a mixed state in a three-Fermion system is a mathematical representation that encapsulates all the statistical properties of the mixed state. It is typically a Hermitian, positive semi-definite matrix with a trace equal to one. The elements of the density matrix are given by the probabilities and coherences between the different possible states of the system. In practice, the density matrix is constructed using the outer products of the possible state vectors, weighted by their respective probabilities.

What are the implications of entanglement in three-Fermion systems?

Entanglement in three-Fermion systems has significant implications for quantum information and computation. Entangled states exhibit correlations between the particles that cannot be explained classically, leading to phenomena such as quantum teleportation and superdense coding. In the context of three-Fermion systems, entanglement can complicate the description and analysis of the system, as it requires consideration of the joint state of all three particles rather than treating them independently. This entanglement is also a resource for performing quantum algorithms and protocols that surpass classical capabilities.

Back
Top