Solve Problem: Partition Function for Magnetic Moment

AI Thread Summary
The discussion centers on calculating the partition function for a system of N atoms with magnetic moments in a magnetic field. The Hamiltonian is defined, and the goal is to show that the induced magnetization M can be expressed as M=Nm coth(θ - 1/θ), where θ = mH/k_BT. The participant initially struggles with calculating the magnetic partition function but references Reif's work for guidance. A key insight involves understanding the probability distribution of the magnetic moments in relation to the angles and the influence of the magnetic field. The participant expresses gratitude after grasping the concept.
Joe Cool
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Hi,
maybe someone can help me with this problem?

Homework Statement


A system consist of N Atoms that have a magnetic moment m. The Hamiltonian in the presence of a magnetic field H is
$$\mathcal{H}(p,q) - mH \sum_{i=1}^N cos(\alpha_{i})$$
where ##\alpha_i## is the angle between the magnetic field and the atom i.

Show that the induced magnetisationt M is:
$$M=Nm\coth(\theta-\frac 1 \theta), \theta=\frac {mH}{ k_BT}$$

Homework Equations


Magnetisation ##M=-\frac {\partial F} {\partial H}##
Free energy ##F=-k_B\ln(Z)##

The Attempt at a Solution


##Z=Z_{mech}* Z_{magn}##
I don't know how to calculate the magnetic partition function.
 
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This problem I think is problem (7.14) in Reif's Fundamentals of Statistical and Thermal Physics. Reif gives a hint for the probability being around the angle ## \alpha_i ## (he calls it ## \theta ## ) : In the absence of a magnetic field, the probability that the magnetic moment is between ## \theta ## and ## \theta + d \theta ## is proportional to the differential solid angle ## d \Omega=2 \pi sin(\theta) d \theta ## covered by this ## d \theta ##, and in the presence of a magnetic field this will be weighted by the factor ## e^{-E/(kT)} ##, where ## E ## is the magnetic energy for the angle ## \theta ##.
 
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Likes Joe Cool
Thanks a lot, now I get it :-)
 
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