Sp3 hybridization azimuthal quantum number

In summary, the conversation discusses the values of l, mℓ, ms, mj, and j for an electron in an sp3 hybridization orbital. The value of l for this orbital is 1.5, as it is a combination of s and p orbitals. There is some uncertainty about the image being referenced and whether it truly represents sp3 hybridization.
  • #1
em3ry
Gold Member
63
18
TL;DR Summary
azimuthal quantum number for sp3 hybridization
The s orbital corresponds to l=0
The p orbital corresponds to l=1

For an electron in an sp3 hybridization orbital what is l?
 
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  • #2
The answer appears to be 1.5 but I don't know why
 
  • #3
nℓmℓmsmjj
mℓ + ms
21.51.5+0.522
21.50.5+0.512
21.5−0.5+0.502
21.5-1.5+0.5-12
21.5-1.5−0.5−22
21.5-0.5−0.5-11
21.50.5−0.501
21.51.5−0.511
 
  • #4
Breit-rabi-Zeeman.png
 
  • #5
em3ry said:
nℓmℓmsmjj
mℓ + ms
21.51.5+0.522
21.50.5+0.512
21.5−0.5+0.502
21.5-1.5+0.5-12
21.5-1.5−0.5−22
21.5-0.5−0.5-11
21.50.5−0.501
21.51.5−0.511
Where is that from?

sp3 hybrid orbitals are not eigenstates of the orbital angular momentum operator, so it makes no sense to talk about their ##l## value.
 
  • #6
I am simply noting that the numbers match the image below it.

And I am no longer sure that it is an image of sp3 hybridization. It might be something else
 

FAQ: Sp3 hybridization azimuthal quantum number

What is sp3 hybridization azimuthal quantum number?

Sp3 hybridization azimuthal quantum number is a quantum number that describes the orientation of the hybrid orbitals formed during sp3 hybridization. It represents the shape of the orbital, which is determined by the angular momentum of the electron.

How is sp3 hybridization azimuthal quantum number related to molecular geometry?

The sp3 hybridization azimuthal quantum number plays a crucial role in determining the molecular geometry of a molecule. The orientation of the hybrid orbitals affects the bond angles and overall shape of the molecule, which in turn affects its properties.

What is the difference between sp3 hybridization and sp3d hybridization?

Both sp3 and sp3d hybridization involve the mixing of atomic orbitals to form hybrid orbitals. However, sp3 hybridization only involves the mixing of s and p orbitals, while sp3d hybridization involves the mixing of s, p, and d orbitals. This results in different shapes and orientations of the hybrid orbitals.

How does the sp3 hybridization azimuthal quantum number affect the strength of a covalent bond?

The sp3 hybridization azimuthal quantum number does not directly affect the strength of a covalent bond. However, the orientation of the hybrid orbitals can influence the overlap between atomic orbitals, which in turn affects the strength of the bond. Generally, a higher sp3 hybridization azimuthal quantum number results in stronger bonds.

Can sp3 hybridization azimuthal quantum number be used to predict the reactivity of a molecule?

The sp3 hybridization azimuthal quantum number can provide some insight into the reactivity of a molecule. For example, molecules with a higher sp3 hybridization azimuthal quantum number tend to have more stable bonds and are less reactive. However, other factors such as electronegativity and steric effects also play a significant role in determining the reactivity of a molecule.

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