Unpacking the Complexity of Human DNA

In summary, there is a 99% overlap in DNA between humans and chimpanzees, but this does not necessarily mean that it is the 1% difference that separates us from them. Additionally, the 2% of neanderthal DNA present in most humans today does not necessarily have a significant impact on our genetic makeup. Genes do not always have predictable functions and can produce different results based on their expression and interactions with other genes.
  • #1
moriah
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TL;DR Summary
Supposedly, chimpanzees and humans share 99% of DNA. Does this mean that it is 1% of our DNA that delineates us from them? Also, how does this figure with the 2% of neanderthal DNA that most humans today have?
What is in our DNA that separates us from other primates?
 
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  • #2
moriah said:
Summary:: Supposedly, chimpanzees and humans share 99% of DNA. Does this mean that it is 1% of our DNA that delineates us from them? Also, how does this figure with the 2% of neanderthal DNA that most humans today have?

What is in our DNA that separates us from other primates?
You should google both of those factoids/questions to start. The numbers should be more precise. And your main question is pretty vague. I mean, you can see a lot of the similar and different traits, right?
 
  • #3
I think the idea that each gene has a predictable and discrete function is a bit dated now, finding the same genes in different species doesn't necessarily mean they are doing the same thing. Many genes are capable of producing a number of protein products and operate in a regulatory network, It's how and when genes are expressed that produce the genotype. Genes provide information on relatedness but relatively small differences can lead to quite marked differences.
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmolb.2018.00020/full
 
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FAQ: Unpacking the Complexity of Human DNA

What is DNA and how is it unique to humans?

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a molecule that contains the genetic instructions for the development and function of all living organisms. It is unique to humans because it is made up of a specific sequence of nucleotides that are arranged in a specific way, which is different for each individual.

What makes human DNA different from other species?

Human DNA is different from other species in terms of the number and arrangement of genes. Humans have approximately 20,000-25,000 genes, which is more than most other species. Additionally, the specific sequence of nucleotides in human DNA is what sets us apart from other species.

Can human DNA be altered or changed?

Yes, human DNA can be altered or changed through mutations, which are changes in the sequence of nucleotides. Mutations can occur naturally or can be caused by environmental factors such as radiation or chemicals. Additionally, human DNA can also be altered through genetic engineering techniques.

Is there a specific part of human DNA that makes us unique?

There is not one specific part of human DNA that makes us unique. Rather, it is the combination of all our genes and their specific sequences that make us different from other species. However, there are certain genes that are more prevalent in humans and may contribute to our uniqueness, such as those involved in brain development and language.

How does human DNA influence our traits and characteristics?

Human DNA contains the instructions for the development and function of our bodies. It influences our traits and characteristics by determining things like our physical appearance, susceptibility to diseases, and even our behavior. However, it is not the sole determinant of these factors, as environmental factors also play a role.

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