Use relativity and the Larmor formula to calculate Lienard's formula

In summary, the process of deriving Lienard's formula involves applying principles of relativity alongside the Larmor formula. The Larmor formula describes the power radiated by an accelerating charge, while relativity is used to account for the effects of high velocities on the charge's motion and radiation. By integrating these concepts, one can derive Lienard's formula, which provides a comprehensive description of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by a charged particle moving with arbitrary acceleration, thus bridging classical and relativistic physics.
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Homework Statement
Use relativity and the Larmor formula to calculate Lienard's formula.
Relevant Equations
Larmor Formula, Lienard Formula
I am trying to understand the solution to exercise 12.71 in the document linked below which accompanies Griffith's book on electrodynamics. The problem states that we are to use the Larmor formula and relativity to derive the Lienard formula. $$Larmor \ {} formula: P = \frac{\mu_0q^2a^2}{6\pi c} \ {} when \ {} v = 0$$ $$Lienard's \ {} formula: P = \frac{\mu_0q^2\gamma^6}{6\pi c}\left (a^2 - \left|\frac{\mathbf v \ {} \times \ {} \mathbf a}{c}\right|^2\right)$$ In the book it mentions that ##k^\mu = \frac {dp^\mu}{d\tau}## is a four-vector and ##k^0 = mc\frac {d^2t}{d\tau^2} = \frac {1}{c}\frac{dE}{d\tau}##. As you can see in the solution, from this Griffiths begins searching for any four-vector he can think of whose time component is equal to the Larmor formula when v = 0, concluding that the time component of such a four-vector should be ##\frac{1}{c}\frac{dE}{d\tau}##. The four-vector he gives is $$k^\mu = \frac{1}{4 \pi \epsilon_0}\frac{2}{3}{q^2}{c^5}\alpha^v\alpha_v\eta^\mu$$ The time component equals the Larmor formula (times 1/c) when v = 0, and he calculates P in terms the time component and finds that P is equal to Lienard's formula.
$$\\$$ It's hard for me to see what motivated Griffiths to start searching for any four-vector he could think of whose time component is the Larmor formula (times 1/c) for v = 0, and then reach the conclusion that the time component must be ##\frac{1}{c}\frac{dE}{d\tau}##. Moreover, ##\frac{d^2t}{d\tau^2}## = 0 if v = 0, so isn't the proper power and therefore the ordinary power zero when v = 0, in contradiction to the Larmor formula? The four-vector he's constructed is not ##\frac {dp^\mu}{d\tau}##, and the time component is not ##mc\frac{d^2t}{d\tau^2}##, although his notation suggests otherwise, writing ##k^0## at the beginning of his solution, and later ##k^\mu## for his four-vector. So, I can't understand how he came up with this idea and conclusion, and how these formulas are consistent with ##\frac{d^2t}{d\tau^2} = 0## when v = 0 which should imply that the proper power and therefore the ordinary power are zero when v = 0.

https://media.physicsisbeautiful.com/resources/2019/02/18/solutions_manual.pdf
 
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To clarify, in the book by Griffiths, we have ##p^\mu \equiv m\frac{d}{d\tau}\eta^\mu## and ##E \equiv cp^0##, so by definition, ##\frac{dE}{d\tau} = c\frac{dp^0}{d\tau} = m\frac{\mathbf u \cdot \mathbf a}{(1 - u^2/c^2)^2}##. Evaluating the proper power in a coordinate system where the particle is instantaneously at rest, ##\mathbf u = 0## we have ##\frac{dE}{d\tau} = 0##, which seems to disagree with the Larmor formula. I do not question the Larmor formula, but I'm lost on how we're defining energy and the power of the accelerating charged particle. Obviously, it couldn't be the presentation given above. Yet, that was simply how the energy is defined in the book and shouldn't be wrong by definition.
 

FAQ: Use relativity and the Larmor formula to calculate Lienard's formula

What is Lienard's formula?

Lienard's formula describes the electromagnetic radiation emitted by a charged particle moving with arbitrary velocity. It combines both the effects of the particle's acceleration and its velocity, providing a comprehensive way to calculate the radiation fields produced by the particle.

How does the Larmor formula relate to Lienard's formula?

The Larmor formula specifically describes the power radiated by a non-relativistic accelerating charge. Lienard's formula generalizes this concept by incorporating relativistic effects, allowing for the calculation of radiation from charges moving at velocities close to the speed of light.

What role does relativity play in Lienard's formula?

Relativity is crucial in Lienard's formula as it accounts for the effects of time dilation and length contraction on the motion of the charged particle. These relativistic effects modify the fields and radiation emitted, especially when the particle approaches the speed of light.

How can we derive Lienard's formula using the Larmor formula?

To derive Lienard's formula from the Larmor formula, one begins with the expression for the power radiated by a non-relativistic charge (Larmor's formula) and then incorporates the relativistic corrections for velocity and acceleration. This involves transforming the electric and magnetic fields in accordance with Lorentz transformations to accommodate high-speed motion.

What are the practical applications of Lienard's formula?

Lienard's formula has practical applications in various fields, including astrophysics, particle physics, and accelerator physics. It is used to predict the radiation emitted by charged particles in accelerators, to understand radiation processes in astrophysical jets, and to analyze the behavior of particles in electromagnetic fields.

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