Why is Thallium More Toxic than Other Boron Group Elements?

  • Thread starter Thread starter Calpalned
  • Start date Start date
  • Tags Tags
    Elements Group
AI Thread Summary
Thallium's toxicity compared to other group 13 elements like boron, aluminum, gallium, and indium is attributed to its unique chemical behavior and interactions within biological systems. While other group members are generally non-toxic or exhibit low toxicity, thallium (Tl) and its compounds are extremely toxic. Thallium ions (Tl+) mimic potassium in the body, utilizing potassium pathways for absorption, which disrupts cellular processes by forming harmful sulfur complexes. This behavior contrasts with indium (In3+), which does not exhibit the same toxic effects. The differences in toxicity among group 13 elements highlight the variations in chemical properties that arise with increasing atomic number.
Calpalned
Messages
297
Reaction score
6
I am confused as to why thallium is toxic, while the other members of group 13 are safe?

(Quotes are from Wikipedia)
Boron - "Elemental boron [is] non-toxic to humans and animals"
Aluminum - "... [has] extremely low acute toxicity..."
Gallium - "...metallic gallium is not considered toxic..."
Indium - "...is not a toxic hazard."
Thallium - "Thallium and its compounds are extremely toxic"

Why is this the case? It seems that I can touch boron, aluminum, gallium and indium with my bare hands, but not thallium. I don't understand this.

Thanks.
 
Chemistry news on Phys.org
While the elements in a group bear some similarities, they are also different. Nothing surprising about it.
 
Tl+ in aqueous solution behaves like Potassium, it is absorbed into the body by potassium pathways, and then it accepts sulphur complexes (ligands). This is harmful to cellular processes whereas In3+ doesn't.
Bottom line,As borek said there are just similarities between members of the same group. In that way you may ask most elements prefer a Oxi. state of 3+ but Thallium(to an extent In) sow Oxi. state of 1+. It happens due to variations with increase in atomic number. :)
 
Thread 'How to make Sodium Chlorate by Electrolysis of salt water?'
I have a power supply for electrolysis of salt water brine, variable 3v to 6v up to 30 amps. Cathode is stainless steel, anode is carbon rods. Carbon rod surface area 42" sq. the Stainless steel cathode should be 21" sq. Salt is pure 100% salt dissolved into distilled water. I have been making saturated salt wrong. Today I learn saturated salt is, dissolve pure salt into 150°f water cool to 100°f pour into the 2 gallon brine tank. I find conflicting information about brine tank...
Engineers slash iridium use in electrolyzer catalyst by 80%, boosting path to affordable green hydrogen https://news.rice.edu/news/2025/engineers-slash-iridium-use-electrolyzer-catalyst-80-boosting-path-affordable-green Ruthenium is also fairly expensive (a year ago it was about $490/ troy oz, but has nearly doubled in price over the past year, now about $910/ troy oz). I tracks prices of Pt, Pd, Ru, Ir and Ru. Of the 5 metals, rhodium (Rh) is the most expensive. A year ago, Rh and Ir...
Back
Top