Mercury was considered a metal in ancient times because it exhibits many characteristics of metals, such as being a good conductor of electricity and having a shiny appearance. It was also commonly found in its liquid form, which was a defining characteristic of metals.
Yes, mercury was used for a variety of purposes in ancient times. It was often used in medicine, as it was believed to have healing properties. It was also used in religious rituals and in the production of mirrors and other decorative objects.
It is believed that ancient civilizations discovered mercury through natural processes, such as the breakdown of cinnabar, a mineral that contains mercury. They likely observed the shiny, liquid metal and its unique properties and began to use it for various purposes.
There is evidence to suggest that ancient civilizations were aware of the dangers of mercury. The Greek philosopher Aristotle wrote about its toxic properties, and ancient Chinese texts also mention the negative effects of mercury on the body. However, its use in medicine and other applications continued despite this knowledge.
Ancient civilizations did not have the same level of scientific knowledge and technology that we have today, so their understanding of mercury was based on observation and trial and error. They did not have the same understanding of its chemical makeup and its effects on the body. Today, we have a much better understanding of the properties and potential dangers of mercury.