Homework Statement
The engine of a Ferrari F355 F1 sports car takes in air at 20.0 *C and 1.00 atm and compresses it adiabatically to 0.0900 times the original volume. The air may be treated as an ideal gas with \gamma = 1.40.
Find Final Temp and Final Pressure
Homework Equations...
If you accept that the 2nd law of thermo tells you that the
Work_{net} = Q_{in} - Q_{out}
it's easy to see why 2 adiabatic processes cannot cross on a PV diagram when connected by an isothermal process.
however, why is the 2nd law true without taking a statistical approach?
Why must...
trying to work through the exercise sheets that were given to us to prepare for exams when term starts up but I've come to a complete stop on this question and the following questions all seem to be based around it so i need your help!
Homework Statement
a certain gas occupies a bolume of...
I'm deriving this formula for the adiabatic expansion of an ideal gas.
PV^{\gamma} = Constant_2
there are 3 ways to expand to end up at same internal energy dU.
1. this is the direct adiabatic expansion from T1 to T3
dU_{systA} = -dW_{systA} = -P_{systA} dV where P_{systA} is a function...
Homework Statement
A multicylinder engine in an airplane operating at 2500 rev/min takes in energy 7.89 x 10^3 J and exhausts 4.58 x 10^3 J for each revolution of the crankshaft. (a) How many litres of fuel does it consume in 1.00 h of operation if the heat of combustion is 4.02 x 10^7 J/L ...
I understand that adiabatic cooling is the reason as to why, a valve releasing compressed air from a tire, would become cold. But I'm having a hard time grasping why this actually happens. I've been searching online, and I can't seem to find the type of simplified answer I'm looking for...
Q1.
ADIABATIC FREE EXPANSION(unrestricted and free)
in vacuum gas a volume of gas is released
expected expansion proceeds withouut change in internal energy therefore temperature is contant (joule's law) . there is no pressure acting on this system threfore no work is done...
Homework Statement
In a diesel engine, atmospheric air is quickly compressed to about 1/20 of its original volume. Estimate the temperature of the air after compression , and explain why a Diesel engine does not require spark plugs. Homework Equations
f/2*ln(T_f/T_i)=-ln(V_f/V_i)
The...
Homework Statement
The problem is derive the adiabatic processes for an ideal gas going through a point (v,p) on the p-V plane. Also, in terms of p,T and v,T. Draw the curves.
Homework Equations
First Law of Thermo
Properties of an Ideal Gas
Properties of Adiabatic Processes...
Suppose that one mole of a monatomic perfect gas at 27°C and 1.00 atm pressure
is expanded adiabatically (i.e. no heat transfer, so that the temperature must fall) in two
different ways: (a) reversibly, to a final pressure of 0.5 atm, and (b) against a constant
external pressure of 0.5 atm...
There are two compartments, each has half volume of the total volume, separated by an insulating partition. The whole setup is adiabatic. n mole of a monatomic gas with temperature T1 and pressure P in the left while in the right m mole of monatomic gas with termparture T2 and pressure P there...
I am reading quantum mechanics (Messiah) now. And I get confused about the condition for the validity of the sudden approximation in CH. XVII. The author use perturbation theory to derive the result
T<<\hbar/\delta \overline{H}
,when the Hamiltonian change over time T. The condition tells...
I can't solve the following problem:
Paramagnetic is thermally insulated. Its magnetisation M depends on external magnetic field H and temperature T: M=\frac{a H}{T}, heat capacity at constant H is C_H=\frac{b}{T^2} (a, b are constants). How will the temperature of the system change when H is...
is equation T2=T1*(p2/p2)^((k-1/k)) correct to calculate air temperatute during compression from 1bar to 2bar in a radial compressor?
and equation for temperature drop throug intercoller T3=T2-ICefficiency*(T2-ambient_air_temp). Is this equation really so simple, what about air density when...
What would happen if adiabatic processes were applied in the context of a long-distance EPR Experiment? As background for my questions, see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EPR_paradox" )
In the context of the foregoing, please visualize two particles that are...
Homework Statement
An adiabatic process is performed on 15 moles of an ideal gas. the initial temperature is 320 K and the initial volume is 0.80m^3. the final volume is 0.40m^3. the adiabatic constant for the gas is 1.44
the heat absorbed by the gas in kJ is closest to
a. 0
b.+54
c.-14...
Homework Statement
twenty moles of a monatomic ideal gas (lambda=5/3) undergo an adiabatic process the initial pressure is 400kpa and the initial temperature is 450K. The final temperature of the gas is 320K.
The heat absorbed by the gas in kJ is closest to?
a.0
b.+54
c.+32
d.-54
e.-32...
http://session.masteringphysics.com/problemAsset/1013990/12/1013990E.jpg
Which of the following statements are true about the first half of this process, just going from
state A to state F?
Both T and U increase.
W provides energy input.
Q provides energy input.
Q is larger (in...
Hi,
Can anyone tell me what this means?
I'm trying to find the adiabatic expansion coefficient in order to use this air compressor calculator.
http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/horsepower-compressed-air-d_1363.html
These are the variables I have at the moment...
Number of stages-...
Homework Statement
14 grams of Nitrogen at 20 degrees Celsius in 1 atmosphere of pressure is compressed to a pressure of 20 atmospheres. What is its final temperature and what is the work done on the gas if the process is adiabatic? Obtain the compression ratio (i.e. Vmax/Vmin). How much...
Homework Statement
A sample of 1.00 mol of an ideal gas at 300 K and 101325 Pa is expanded adiabatically in two ways: a) reversibly to .5 atm and b) against a constant external pressure of .5 atm. Determine the values of q, w, \DeltaU, \DeltaH, \DeltaS, \DeltaSsurr, and \DeltaStot for each...
Just a question that will hopefully improve my lack of understanding.
A thought experiment.
I have two cylinders both with frictionless pistons constrained to move in the z direction (against gravity) the same distance in both. So, the intial volume and final volume will be the same for both...
Homework Statement
A sample of 2.5 mol O2 (Cp,m = 29.355 J K-1 mol-1) is originally confined in 23 dm3 at 270 K and then undergoes adiabatic expansion against a constant pressure of 600 Torr until the volume has increased by a factor of 3.0. Calculate q, w, ΔU, ΔT, and ΔH. (The final...
(a)
For a quasistatic adiabatic process involving an ideal gas the temperature and volume are related by: TV^(a-1) = const . By substituting the ideal gas equation into this expression, derive a similar relationship between pressure and volume for an ideal gas in an quasistatic adiabatic...
Homework Statement
An evacuated insulated tank is filled with an ideal gas at T0, until inside pressure equals outside. No heat flow takes place. What is the temperature of the gas inside? Cv and Cp are known.
Homework Equations
Um...
The Attempt at a Solution...
I am aware of the derivation for the dry adiabatic lapse rate using the enthalpy approach: ncpdT+VdP=0, but I can't seem to spot the error in my own derivation. If anyone sees it, I would be especially grateful.
dU=\deltaQ-\deltaW
ncvdT=0 - PdV
\frac{dT}{dV}=-\frac{P}{nc_{v}}...
air enters an adaibatic nozzle steadily at 300 kPa, 200 degree celcius and 30m/s and leaves at 100 kPa and 180 m/s.
find the exit temperature?
when m using energy balance equation: h1 + [ (v1)^2 / 2 ] = h2 + [(v2)^2 / 2 ]
i get the answer 184 degree celcius.
but when i use the other...
Hi,
I am going through a book on thermal physics (specifically on a section on the 2nd Law)
It talks about an extremely fast adiabatic expression (as a gas in one flask separated by a valve to another flask in vacuum and then the valve is opened).
What I fail to understand is that...
[SOLVED] Adiabatic Hot-Air Balloon Rising Question
Homework Statement
A large research balloon containing 2.00 x 10^3 m^3 of helium gas at 1.00 atm and a temperature of 15.0 degrees Celsius rises rapidly from ground level to an altitude at which the atmospheric pressure is only 0.900 Atm...
Homework Statement
A flexible balloon contains 0.375 mol of hydrogen sulfide gas H2S. Initially the balloon of H2S has a volume of 6750 cm^3 and a temperature of 29.0 C. The H2S first expands isobarically until the volume doubles. Then it expands adiabatically until the temperature returns...
Homework Statement
The slope of an adiabatic curve will be equal to r times the slope of an isothermal curve only when we use the ideal gas equation
Homework Equations
The Attempt at a Solution
Adibatic process, P(V)^g = constant
Differentiating w.r.t V...
I need to solve this problem.
A big balloon with volume V1 = 2.00 * 10^3 m^3 contains helium at 15 degrees celcius and 1 atm. The balloon now rises from the ground to a height 'h' where the pressure is 0.900 atm. The process is adiabatic:
a) find the volume at height h
b) find the...
So, I am looking a question about adiabatic expansions and the associated entropy changed.
Why exactly is the change in entropy for a reversible adiabatic expansion/compression equal to zero? The book says its because there is no heat transfer, but for irreversible adiabatic processes, there...
Hi,
When a gas is compressed, its temperature increases. But what is the formula to calculate this rise? Could you please explain the formula too. This isn't homework btw!
Thanks!
Homework Statement
During an adiabatic process, the temperature of 5.50 moles of a monatomic idea gas drops from 495 C to 215 C. For this gas, find (a) the work it does, (b) the heat it exchanges with its surroundings, and (c) the change in its internal energy
Homework Equations
I know...
I've been working on this proof, and I just can't get it backwards or forwards, so I must be going about it wrong or missing something. I'm on a re-do for the homework, because my first attempt was completely wrong, so here I go with the second.
Any guidance would be appreciated.
Homework...
Homework Statement
I have the equation for the internal energy:
U = (f/2) * N * k * T, where f is the degrees of freedom, N is the number of molecules, k is Bolzmann's constant and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
This can be written as U = (f/2)*p*V using the ideal gas law...
Homework Statement
Show that when an ideal gas expands adiabatically, the temperature and pressure are related by the differential equation:
\frac{dT}{dP} = \frac{2T}{5P}
Homework Equations
Ideal gas law
The Attempt at a Solution
PV = nkT
T = \frac{PV}{nk}
\frac{dT}{dP} =...
Homework Statement
1.Show that
PV^Y is a constant for adiabatic,quassistatic expansion of a photongas and determine Y
2. Show the same for full degenerate gas of fermions at T=0
Homework Equations
The Attempt at a Solution
Plz help thx
You have two cups, one with m1 = 2.73 kg of water at t1 = 42.32oC and the other with m2 = 1.88 kg at t2 = 21.34oC. You mix the two in an insulated thermos. What is the final temperature of the water?
I'm pretty sure that this is supposed to be an adiabatic process, because you are trying to...
I want to know if in rapid adiabatic compression of a gas, is work done by gas on surrounding (atmosphere) numerically same as work done by surrounding on the gas.
Please tell if there exists some solid proof of the answers you guys are giving.
This question came some time back in Stony Brooks exam. I have the solution also. But i am having some conceptual doubts. Can someone help me please.
The question is:
Consider ‘n’ moles of an ideal monoatomic gas placed in a vertical cylinder. The top of the cylinder is closed by a piston...
Homework Statement
2 moles of Carbon monoxide gas start at a pressure of 1.2 atm and a volume of 30 litres. The gas is then compressed adiabatically to 1/3 this volume. Assume that the gas may be treated as ideal. What is the change in the internal energy of the gas? Does the internal energy...
Hi,
I'm thinking about how to derive an expression for the final temperature (call it T2) and the work done (call it W) in an adiabatic compression, when you only know the initial and final pressures (call them P1 and P2), and the initial temperature (call it T1). I'm not sure about my...
Hey everyone =) This is my first post here but I've been lurking for a while.
Anyway, so i am taking this physical chemistry class and I can't seem to solve this problem. I think it is still a physics problem.
Anyway, it goes like this:
small amount of moles of steam (.83 moles) @ 100...
1) Is there any way for the entropy to increase in an closed adiabatic syatem?
2) what are the mechanisms of entropy generation within a closed thermodynamic system?
Thank you
Hi Physics forum,
I have a pipe which is of length L, inner diameter D. It is packed with CO2 at pressure P (assume it's still a gas with none of this funny supercritical business!) and temperature T. The density of the CO2 is rho and the joule-kelvin coefficient is mu. the pipe is initially...
Homework Statement
The molar energy of a monatomic gas which obeys van der Waals' equation is given by
E = (3/2)RT - a/V
V volume, T temperature, a is a constant. Initially you have T1 at V1, and the gas expands adiabatically in a vacuum so that you have V2. What is T2?
Homework...
Hi,
I don't fully understand this thing. I've read it on wiki, but it just doesn't get through. Perhaps I am a dumbass.
I've 3 questions that hopefully will help clear it up.
1) How do you stop adiabatic cooling?
2) In a closed and insulated system where there is a compressed gas...