Atom Definition and 999 Threads

Hi, I'm a physics undergraduate, and I'm having trouble understanding Atomic Physics right now. At first I thought it (the question in the title) is possible, but then I think I got confused with particle in a box. So I refer to textbooks and look for answers in the internet, and confirmed...

Homework Statement I have a few questions here that say to identify which atom from each pair is larger. One pair is Be and B, and the other is P and Cl. Homework Equations N/A The Attempt at a Solution I know that Be is larger than B, and that P is larger than Cl. I'm just...

The hydrogen atom is formed by the combination of proton and electron initially separated by infinite distance therefore energy of hydrogen atom is expected to be equal to loss of electrostatic potential energy but energy value as derived by quantum mechanics is different Why is it so

. Homework Statement [/b] In a hydrogen atom the electron and proton are bound at a distance of about 0.53A. (a) Assuming the zero of potential energy at infinite separation of the electron from the proton, what is the minimum work required to free the electron? (b) What would the answer...

Homework Statement Two neutral spinless particles of mass m are gravitationally bound to one another. What is the ground state energy of this two-particle gravitational atom? Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution So, it's a two particle system, but H_{total} = H_1 +...

Homework Statement A hydrogen atom might be modeled as a sphere of charge +e and radius 10-15 (the nucleus), surrounded by a sphere of charge −e and radius 10-12m (the electron cloud). (a) What is the average charge density of the nucleus? (b) What is the average charge density of the electron...

Homework Statement A hydrogen atom is initially in the state n=3. Subsequently it falls to its ground state with the emission of a photon. If the photon energy is ћω , then what is the ground state energy? The Attempt at a Solution I tried using E= h².n²/8ma². and got -9ћω/8 I wasn't to...

Hi I was wondering whether atom loses its energy. From what I know, a moving charged particle, let`s say electron, has magnetic field and if the particle changes direction, the field changes as well. Change in electro-magnetic field is a wave, EM waves are propagating in photons and a photon...

Can somebody elabroate on how the P.E. term e^2/r is thrown in shrodinger's(also Dirac) equation for the hydrogen atom by assuming such term does describe the effects of the negative and the positive charge. It enters into the equation like mass, yet quantum theory( a good one) should calculate...

I've read that the hydrogen atom was solved by means of algebraic methods (similar to creation and annihilation operator for the harmonic oscillator) even before the works of Heisenberg and Schroedinger. Could you give me some information and/or references about this issue?. Thanks, Kowalski.

I know that electrons do not exist in orbitals, but instead in probability density clouds around the atom. I know that these electrons are quantized and can only have certain energies in the atom. I also know that it is due to the Heisenberg Uncertainty principle that these atoms do not crash...

Homework Statement Classical physics applied to the bohr model of the hydrogen atom would predict that light could be emitted continuously, rather than in discrete chunks of energy. Transitions between what kinds of energy levels would come close to the classical viewpoint? A. Only levels...

Let's consider eigenstates |nlm\rangle of hamiltonian of hydrogen atom. Can anyone prove that \langle r \rangle = \langle nlm|r|nlm\rangle = \frac{a}{2}(3 n^2-l(l+1)). Where a - bohr radious. I've been trying to prove it using some property of Laguerre polynomials (which are radial part...

I have been trying to picture the whole process of a photon emission by a atom. So to have good understanding what is going on, I have came up with following experimental setup. A single hydrogen atom in excited state ^2\!P_{1/2}, which has been orientated with a magnetic field so that...

hi, when modelling the shape of a hydrogen atom orbital, is it the real part of the spherical harmonics that i plot? thanks

1. In a certain gamma decay process, an excited neon atom emits a gamma-ray that has an energy of 1.630 MeV. The neon atom in the ground state has a mass of 19.992 435 u. What is the mass of the excited neon atom? 2. I am pretty lost here. There must be a formula relating these...

Could anyone help solve a problem how to find absorption lines in hydrogen atom from n=10 (n - principal quantum number). I know that not all quantum jumps of an electron in atom are possible, thus I don't know how many different emission lins will be from this energy level where n=10.

The Hydrogen Atom wave function. With the substitution u(r) = r.R(r) p=kr We get a simplified version: d^2u/dp^2 = [1 - (p_0)/p + l(l + 1)/(p^2) ].u Im sure some of you have seen that before. Now, in the limit, p goes to infinity, I understand that we get u = A.exp[-p], but in...

I assume general relativity allows us in principle to calculate volumes of some region of space? If so, if I have a large volume of space far from other mass and energy does it make sense to ask how much a large volume of space changes depending on whether or not it contains the mass of single...

Homework Statement In the Bohr model of a hydrogen atom, what is the magnitude of the electric force exerted between the proton and the electron when the electron is in the n = 1 state? Homework Equations E= - 13.6 eV/ n^2 The Attempt at a Solution I simply...

I just have a small question regarding lorentz cavity: Refer to a small lorentz cavity in a uniformly polarised dielectric. as shown in fig. E_{ex}: External electric field. E_{P}: Electric field in the uniformly polarised dielectric (when sphere has NOT been cut out) E_{L}:Electric field...

Homework Statement A hydrogen chloride molecule may be modeled as a hydrogen atom (mass: 1.67 x10^-27 kg ) on a spring; the other end of the spring is attached to a rigid wall (the massive chlorine atom). If the minimum photon energy that will promote this molecule to its first excited...

What happens to the space in two atoms that fuse together? Fusion takes place inside the sun’s core from the protons of two atoms fusing together. Is the new atom bigger or has the space between the nucleuses and the electrons remained the same and some space disappears?

say we had two states \psi1 and \psi2 and i want to model the superposition of the two states \psi=c1\psi1+c2\psi2. how do i find c1 and c2? I've been trying to do c1=\int\psi \psi1 r^2dr over the limits 0 and infinity but i don't seem to be getting anywhere. does anyone have any ideashow i...

hi, if p is a solution of the schrodingers equation for the hydrogen atom then is pt? (where t is the time and p is the known solution) i don't no how to do this due to the complexity of the wavefunction in the first place thanks

Homework Statement In the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom, the speed of the electron is approximately 2.01e6 m/s. Find the central force acting on the electron as it revolves in a circular orbit of radius 4.84e-11 m. Answer in units of N. Homework Equations Fc=m*v^2/R The Attempt...

The physics building is based on the invariance of the atom. Is there any principle or law or experiment ? I think that we only presume. What if there is no foundation for our 'truth' ?

Homework Statement Set up the Schroedinger Wave Equation for Li. Hint: Don’t forget to consider electron-electron interactions. Homework Equations H^\Psi=E\Psi, etc. The Attempt at a Solution I understand how to set up the equation, i.e. how to use the H^ operator, obtain...

From the CNN: http://scitech.blogs.cnn.com/2009/11/06/baguette-toting-bird-stalls-atom-smasher/ I hadn't heard about this except from here. Story: A piece of bread got into some external electronic equipment and caused a problem. It is thought a bird did it. I find it odd that the LHC...

First to tell, I'm a ordinary people who curious in science field. I can't use difficult word myself but I can understand when you use it don't worry. ......... Most of atom is space right? (Nucleus at center and electron cycle around very far away compare to it's size.) Okay, what I...

Below is an excerpt from Quantum Enigma: Physics Encounters Consciousness. I have a few questions following the text. The text goes on to describe that by opening holes in the boxes, the wave function leaks out of both boxes and falls on a screen to which an atom will stick, resulting in...

Homework Statement i have a question that i really need help on! A stable isotope of chromium is 52 Cr 24 Calculate the Charge of the atom!Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution what i thought is 24x(1.60x10-19) but this gives me the charge of the nucleus! please help!

Q: Why is the 11th electron of the sodium atom located in the third energy level rather than in the second energy level? xD

What is the maximum number of electrons in an atom whose highest-energy electrons have the principal quantum number ? I tried 54 and 110. Neither was correct.

Hello my fellow physic-doers, If say a nucleus containing 2 protons pulls on 2 electrons. Will the electron be pulled closer if the number of protons is constant but there is only one electron assuming there was no repulsion between 2 electrons in the first case? Does the electromagnetic...

Homework Statement A hydrogen atom in its ground state is illuminated with light having a wavelength of 96.7 nm. can the hydrogen atom's electron be excited to a higher energy state by absorbing one of these photons? If so, determine the state and wavelength of any photon that would be...

Okay, since this is just a very small portion of my homework question, I'm not going to use the format provided. I hope this doesn't get deleted! At first, I thought i could just use q in the final answer since I don't know what q is, but what I have is: A polarized molecule with...

Homework Statement For the molecule ICl3 I) How many lone pairs of electrons are on the central atom? II) How many other atoms is the central atom bonded to ? III) What is the molecular geometry of the molecule? IV) What is the electron-pair geometry? a) triangular planar b)...

What is meant by total negative energy associated with bound bodies like planets. and also total energy of the hydrogen atom is negative. I wonder how it could be? Because I believe whatever negative energy may be, It must only be associated with bound systems, and I don't think that an isolated...

Just wondering about photoexcitation of an atom. Say I have an atom that has excitation wavelengths of 500nm, 450nm, and 300nm. If I want to get to the level that is equal to 300nm, do I have to first hit the atom with the 500nm, and 450nm. Or can I just hit the atom with 300nm? Does...

Homework Statement For a object of mass m, Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle relates the uncertainty in the object’s position Δx to the uncertainty in the object’s speed Δv: (Δx)(Δv) ≥ (h divided by (4)(pi)(m)) where h is Planck’s constant. Calculate the minimum uncertainty in the speed...

I have been wondering how an atom is ionized and multiply ionized in an electric field? In a single ionization, does only one electron go through each transition until it is ionized? What about in a multiple ionization? Would the first electron travel through all transitions while the...

Homework Statement Hi all - I've done all but the last part of this problem, for which I have the solution, but I was hoping someone could explain why the solution is what it is :) q:The Hamiltonian of a quantum system suddenly changes by a finite amount. Show that the wavefunction must...

This is not homework, but is not general discussion, so not sure where this would go. In class we were deriving with the radial equations of a hydrogen atom, and in one of the equations was the commutator term: \left[ \frac{d}{d\rho}, \frac{1}{\rho}\right] my attempt was: \left[...

I just have a quick question. Which way of Atom Excitation is more efficient? Photon Energy which matches the absorption peak(s)? Or Photon energy of a Shoter wavelength than the absorbtion Peak?

Homework Statement Using the Feynman-Hellman theorem, determine the expectation values of 1/r and 1/r^2 for the hydrogen atom. Homework Equations Hamiltonian: H=-\frac{\hbar^2}{2m}\frac{d^2}{dr^2}+\frac{\hbar^2}{2m}\frac{l(l+1)}{r^2}-\frac{e^2}{4\pi\epsilon_0}\frac{1}{r} energy...

What is the relative velocity of two hydrogen atoms colliding head on at a temperature of 10 million Kelvin? How do you calculate this?

Hi All, Thermodynamics forbids perpetual motion based in its second law, but how should one deal with an isolated H atom, seen here as a machine? Is there a concrete perspective of its stopping? In its stationary and fundamental state may one observe dissipation? Thank you DaTario

Homework Statement Find the electric potential a distance of .5 x 10^-10 m from the proton of a hydrogen atom Homework Equations V= kQ/r The Attempt at a Solution I know how to answer the question, because I know which equation to use. What I do not understand is, where the...

what is the location of the higgs boson?