Car Definition and 999 Threads

A car (or automobile) is a wheeled motor vehicle used for transportation. Most definitions of cars say that they run primarily on roads, seat one to eight people, have four wheels, and mainly transport people rather than goods.Cars came into global use during the 20th century, and developed economies depend on them. The year 1886 is regarded as the birth year of the modern car when German inventor Karl Benz patented his Benz Patent-Motorwagen. Cars became widely available in the early 20th century. One of the first cars accessible to the masses was the 1908 Model T, an American car manufactured by the Ford Motor Company. Cars were rapidly adopted in the US, where they replaced animal-drawn carriages and carts, but took much longer to be accepted in Western Europe and other parts of the world.Cars have controls for driving, parking, passenger comfort, and a variety of lights. Over the decades, additional features and controls have been added to vehicles, making them progressively more complex, but also more reliable and easier to operate. These include rear-reversing cameras, air conditioning, navigation systems, and in-car entertainment. Most cars in use in the early 2020s are propelled by an internal combustion engine, fueled by the combustion of fossil fuels. Electric cars, which were invented early in the history of the car, became commercially available in the 2000s and are predicted to cost less to buy than gasoline cars before 2025. The transition from fossil fuels to electric cars features prominently in most climate change mitigation scenarios, such as Project Drawdown's 100 actionable solutions for climate change.There are costs and benefits to car use. The costs to the individual include acquiring the vehicle, interest payments (if the car is financed), repairs and maintenance, fuel, depreciation, driving time, parking fees, taxes, and insurance. The costs to society include maintaining roads, land use, road congestion, air pollution, public health, healthcare, and disposing of the vehicle at the end of its life. Traffic collisions are the largest cause of injury-related deaths worldwide.Personal benefits include on-demand transportation, mobility, independence, and convenience. Societal benefits include economic benefits, such as job and wealth creation from the automotive industry, transportation provision, societal well-being from leisure and travel opportunities, and revenue generation from taxes. People's ability to move flexibly from place to place has far-reaching implications for the nature of societies. There are around 1 billion cars in use worldwide. Car usage is increasing rapidly, especially in China, India and other newly industrialized countries.

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  1. 3301

    Can a Wi-Fi Car Diagnostic Tool Detect Problems Through Sound?

    Is it doable that we can place mobile device on our auto and by detecting a sound coming out from car we can know where is the problem * if there is one?
  2. A

    Automotive How is Torque Measured in Car Specifications?

    Recently I have been researching torque and horsepower. I know that the lower the car gear, the more the torque. However, whenever I see specifications of a car, it says : X lb-ft of torque at Y rpm. Now, shouldn't they specify the gear that was measured in? Or is this the torque the engine...
  3. C

    Typical Relativity Car and Ball Problem.... ....

    Homework Statement Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution (a) The person outside of the car will see the car's velocity as being c/√2 and the baseball's velocity as c/√2, therefore the observer in frame S will see those two velocities as added together because they both move in the...
  4. H

    Automotive How do Center differentials work

    Greetings all, In my quest to imagine the ultimate sportscar, I began to wonder about the following: Certain cars are All Wheel Driven (AWD) and they do so via a Center differential delivering power to both axles. Amongst those cars, some have fixed Torque Bias/Split Ratio, which doesn't alter...
  5. S

    Vehicle turning radius and path projection

    Hi everyone, i hope this is the right place to post this. Anyway, I'm creating a game, and I'm trying to calculate and project future car movement path based on steering angle of the wheels. By using equation: r = wheelbase / sin(steeringAngle) I'm able to calculate turning radius. But the...
  6. J

    Motion Questions -- Acceleration of a race car....

    I have been struggling to understand how to do this question so some guidance would be great. A racing car of mass 941kg accelerates from 28km/h to 102km/h over a distance of 297m. Frictional forces and wind resistance can be assumed to be 1160N. Determine the following: a) The average...
  7. C

    Attempting to model traffic flow after front car decelerates

    So I'm trying to create a very simple mathematical model for a very idealized theoretical situation of traffic flow. In this situation I'm considering vehicles to be points (no length) each going the same speed with the same distance between them. The vehicle in front (vehicle 1) slows down and...
  8. Ben Reade

    Calculating the force in suspension as a car hits the brakes

    Hello, Firstly thank you for reading my post. This is an interesting question I was wondering if anyone here could teach me how to work out. Say if you had a large go-kart (FSAE/Formula Student if anyone knows of that) and you were driving at 120kph and hit the brakes and stopped in 3 seconds...
  9. Oaxaca

    Car on road with "infinite" friction

    I have been wondering this for a while. I know that tires using static friction due to reasons that I forget and therefor maintain good traction with asphalt. A few years ago family member said that if there was too much friction on a road then a car wouldn't move, but I argued that the car...
  10. B

    What force causes a body to move into the windshield when a car suddenly stops?

    Homework Statement This is not a specific problem, I was just wondering, what unbalanced force acts on your body when you are in a car traveling at a constant velocity and the car comes to a sudden stop? This has to do with Newton's First Law, but I'm unsure of what force applied to your body...
  11. Greg Bernhardt

    Can a Formula 1 Car Outperform a Rugby Scrum in a Race?

    Not saying this is fake, but it seems pretty incredible to me. Can anyone shine some light on this?
  12. electrodruid

    Is a car's top speed the same on a wet road?

    I'm a games programmer who is writing a simple car physics simulation, and I've had a disagreement with the designer about a car's behaviour - specifically, its top speed - in different conditions. Imagine a car accelerating from a standing start to top speed along a perfectly straight, flat...
  13. A

    How many Newtons would it take to damage a car?

    I am working on a science project, just in my spare time, and for this project I needed to know the amount of force it would take one car to damage another car, but the same model (so same weight, strength etc.) thanks for you help ~ Alex
  14. D

    Automotive Selecting electric motors once power requirements are calculated

    So for a school project I got to design an electric car that can meet minimum range and top speed requirements for how heavy it is. I have calculated the amount of power needed(kW) for its heaviest load situation to reach the min speed and range, along with the necessary energy(kWh) required...
  15. C

    How much petrol does a car consume?

    So, I wanted to figure out how much energy is needed to drive my car ... A car weighing 1000 kg, moving at 50km/h travels 10 miles. If the energy content of petrol is about 30 MJ/L, how much petrol do I need? What's the answer?
  16. Q

    Create a Simple Indicator System for a 6V Toy Car

    Hello, I have a 6V toy car which my 3 year old son drives. I wanted to add a little something to the car itself. I wanted to add an indicator system where he can press a button on a remote (the motherboard of the remote I can place into a real-looking car key) and the indicators (2 LEDs) can...
  17. C

    Automotive Creating Negative Pressure Underneath Car to Prevent Lift

    Hello, I'm brand new to this site. I have a number of questions that I can't get answered by anybody. I want to some how create negative pressure under the car to suck the bottom of a car down using Vacuum fans (like the 1970 Chaparral 2J Can-Am racing car ("sucker car"). I has some basic...
  18. E

    Automotive Seeking quote for construction of motorized camera car

    I'm looking to find someone who can give me a quote on cost to make tracks and a motorized camera car that can run along the tracks at a specified speed. I can provide more details about the project if anyone is interested in putting together figures to give me an idea what this would cost, so I...
  19. T

    What direction is the net force acting on a car going around a circular track?

    Homework Statement A car is going around a circular track at constant velocity. What direction is the net force acting on the car pointing to? Homework Equations Fnet = ma[/B] Fnet = m(v^2/r) --> don't really know if this will help me understand it, but if this will help me understand what's...
  20. I

    Automotive Hydroboost on clutch line (car)

    I want to install a hydroboost (VH44) to make the clutch easier to use (because of an injury/disability). From what I've read, it'll reduce the pedal travel distance *and* tension. What would happen if I installed two hydroboosters, in series? Reduce travel? Tension? Both? Nothing at all...
  21. Kurtis McIntosh

    Engineering Circuits Question -- Charging a car battery in 4 hours....

    Homework Statement A constant current of 3A for 4 hours is required to charge an automotive battery. If the terminal voltage is 10 + 1/2 t V, where t is in hours, (a) how much charge is transported as a result of the charging? (b) how much energy is expended? (c) how much does the charging...
  22. N

    Calculating Work Done by Car Engine

    Homework Statement A car (mass 900 kg) runs 12 km along a level road at a constant speed of 80 km / h. The friction force is 500N. Calculate the work done by the engine Homework Equations W= F x displacement[/B]The Attempt at a Solution W= (900x 9.81) N x 12000m W=10594800 J But this is...
  23. C

    How do I draw a free body diagram of a car on a slope?

    Homework Statement A car attempts to accelerate up a hill at an angle θ to the horizontal. The coefficient of static friction between the tires and the hill is µ > tan θ. What is the maximum acceleration the car can achieve (in the direction upwards along the hill)? Neglect the rotational...
  24. R

    Final velocity of a car rolling down a ramp using energy

    Homework Statement I am tasked with finding the theoretical final speed of a car rolling down a hill using energy calculations. I am given the angle of the incline, the height of the ramp, the length of the hill (horizontal and actual length) and the mass of the car. Also, the car is starting...
  25. H

    A car stopping on a slippery surface on an uphill

    Let's say we have a car going up a 10% grade that slams on the brakes. The normal force would be mg(cos angle of elevation) in a component of Fg that is perpendicular to the road surface, and there would be a direct effect of gravity in the component of Fg that is parallel with the road...
  26. L

    Number of wheel rotations relativistic car

    A car has wheels with exactly 1m of circumference and travels at constant relativistic speed with ##\gamma = 2## in an horizontal rectilinear road between two points A and B marked on the road itself and separated from a distance of 8 m, as measured from a frame of refence which is still with...
  27. Greg Bernhardt

    TV reception cuts out when car passes by

    My wife's mom lives less than a mile from the tv tower any usually gets great reception. However any time a car passé the house it disrupts the reception. Any ideas why that happens and how we can fix it? The tv and had antenna are quite new.
  28. D

    How large is the resultant force on Gavin's toy car after he kicks it?

    Homework Statement Gavin is kicking one of his toy cars with a force straight ahead. the car weighs 1.2 kg and has friction free wheels so that the friction forces of the car is small when it has started. Gavin kicks his car with the force of 2.4 N. How large is the resultant force? Homework...
  29. M

    Speed of Toy Car on Curved Track: Exploring Kinetic Energy

    Homework Statement A toy car coasts along the curved track shown. The car has initial speed VA when it is at point A at the top of the track, and the car leaves the track at point B with speed VB at an angle θ above the horizontal. Assume that energy loss due to friction is negligible...
  30. J

    Why does jump starting a car not burn the battery?

    So I have a good car battery at around 12 V and a bad car battery discharged to 6 V. I hook up the batteries (sitting in the cars) with jumper cables. Now, before I turn the ignition switch on the dead battery car, there is effectively a circuit between the the good battery and the bad...
  31. M

    New guy with a question about a car (with velocity v) and a highway

    Hi all here is the question I need to justify. Please see the attached file with the question. I would simply like to use the formula (theta)=tan(^-1)[(v^2)/gr] to solve the angle. This gives the correct answer. Now my teacher however solves it using a different vector method and says in order...
  32. rushi121

    How can I detect whether driver is sitting in car or not?

    I want a device that can either stick on dashboard or like a key fob in driver pocket that will help to detect whether person is in car or not. Requirements: - Device must have a detector and siren. When detector detects that person is not in car should buzz siren. - Can be a device in car or...
  33. I

    Comparing Car A & B's Power: Is the Answer 2x or 8x?

    My daughter showed me a question: Car A and B have equal mass and go up a hill. A has twice the constant velocity of B. Compared to B the power of A is? I found these answers here which seem to miss the point: https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070331204221AAtxncN The answer stated...
  34. P

    Rotational motion of a door on a moving car

    1. A car door is left open at an angle theta with the side of the car. The door is uniform of mass M and length L. The car accelerates with linear acceleration a. How long does it take the door to close. 2. theta = .5(angular acceleration)t^2 angular acceleration = tangential...
  35. synMehdi

    Automotive Factors Affecting Car Front Suspension: Height, Grip, and Stiffness Explained

    Hi, I have a question concerning car front suspension geometry/design like the macPherson suspension. I would like to know the influence of geometrical factors in the suspension behaviour. The factors in which I'm interested are : spring/damper angle, spring/damper position relative to the wheel...
  36. R

    Designing F1 Car w/ Duke 390 Engine: Sprocket Dimensions

    hello, I'm designng a f1 car,,, we are using a duke 390 engine...we are using a chain differential... now I'm trying to make the sprockets. to make this sprockets i need to know its dimensions.. that is sprocket teeth diameter width etc... so, I'm very much confussed with it. how to get this...
  37. J

    How does static friction slow a car down?

    I am unsure how the process works, can somebody please help me out!
  38. Alpha123

    At what angle should the bomb be released?

    Homework Statement There is a plane flying at 200 km/h and wants to drop a bomb on a car traveling 130 km/h which is 78.0m below the plane. at what angle should the bomb be released? the answer is 45 degrees. Homework Equations sine law: SinA/a= SinB/b cosine law: a^2=b^2+c^2+bcCosA v=d/t...
  39. wolram

    How Reliable Is Your High-Mileage Acura RSX-S?

    And what condition is it in, is there any rust showing through, is interior falling apart, any major faults that caused you to think about buying a new one.
  40. T

    Remote Control Car Specifications

    Homework Statement [/B] You are building a remote control car. The car has 50 mm tire diameter, and you want the car to travel on level ground at a speed of 9 mph. You need to select a single motor and gear head for the project. Provide hand written calculations and answers to the following...
  41. O

    Throw Snowball from Car for Maximum Force: Physics Explained

    Hi there. Hopefully I'm posting this in the correct place. I took a look at the guidelines and decided not to post in the general physics forum as this question does seem homework-like, though it's not exactly homework. Just a general physics question if that's alright. If this is the incorrect...
  42. D

    Centripetal force question -- car speed on an offramp

    Homework Statement If a car doubles its speed on a circular off-ramp how much more centripetal force will be required for it to make the turn2. The attempt at a solution I think that half of the centripetal force will be required for it to make the turn due to the fact that faster the car goes...
  43. the dr.

    Automotive What's the deal with sprint car chassis and Jacobs ladders?

    I haven't posted here in forever, BUT I gained lots of valuable knowledge a couple years ago from some ofthe guys here gaining us our 5th and 6th track championships, now after stepping out of racing for a while I am coming back, and looking at sprint cars and the setup of these cars, I have...
  44. D

    Calculate the average velocity of the car

    Homework Statement [/B] A car is stopped at a traffic light. It then travels along a straight road so that its distance from the light is given by x(t)=bt2−ct3, where b = 3.00 m/s2 and c = 0.130 m/s3 . Calculate the average velocity of the car for the time interval t= 0 to t= 10.0 s Homework...
  45. electrodruid

    What factors affect car braking distance?

    I'm a game programmer trying to write code to simulate a variety of cars braking at different speeds and on surfaces with different coefficients of friction. For now, consider that I'm interested in a fairly wide range of cars (people carriers, hatchbacks, saloons, sports cars etc) but that...
  46. wolram

    Automotive What's the Point of High-Powered Cars in a World of Speed Limits?

    AFAIK the only country one can go above 70mph is Germany, so why are these huge engined cars sold world wide, what is the use owning a car with a v10 engine capable of 200mph when your local motorway has a 70mph top limit. In fact some 1600cc cars can go over 120mph, it is just crazy when every...
  47. toforfiltum

    Why Doesn't Newton's 3rd Law Apply Here?

    Homework Statement Homework Equations F=ma The Attempt at a Solution I figured that since car pulls on trailer with a force of 600 N and there is resistive force of 200 N, net force of car on trailer is 400 N. According to Newton's 3rd law, the unbalanced force acting on car would also be...
  48. Heres2hoping

    How Long Does It Take for a Police Car to Catch a Speeder?

    Homework Statement A speeder moving at 120km/h passes a police car that immediately begins to chase, starting from rest, with an acceleration of 1.75 m/s2. How long is the chase? The answer is 38.1s Homework Equations d=v1+at2 At least that's what I tried, but it didn't work out right.., The...
  49. S

    A powered toy car moving at a constant speed

    Okay, so please help settle a dispute. A toy car is moving at a constant speed of 1 m/s. The car is powered by a battery. Now, when the car is going at a constant speed, there is obviously no net force on the car. The dispute comes when trying to draw a FBD. Is there friction (traction)...
  50. tk24700

    1 dimensional kinematics with car and motorcycle

    Homework Statement Two friends agree to test their physics background in 1D motion. Steve, is a distance d ahead of Jack. Jack is driving at a constant, know velocity v0 when they start their experiment. At this moment, Steve accelerates from rest with his motorcycle in such a way that they...
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