Car Definition and 999 Threads

A car (or automobile) is a wheeled motor vehicle used for transportation. Most definitions of cars say that they run primarily on roads, seat one to eight people, have four wheels, and mainly transport people rather than goods.Cars came into global use during the 20th century, and developed economies depend on them. The year 1886 is regarded as the birth year of the modern car when German inventor Karl Benz patented his Benz Patent-Motorwagen. Cars became widely available in the early 20th century. One of the first cars accessible to the masses was the 1908 Model T, an American car manufactured by the Ford Motor Company. Cars were rapidly adopted in the US, where they replaced animal-drawn carriages and carts, but took much longer to be accepted in Western Europe and other parts of the world.Cars have controls for driving, parking, passenger comfort, and a variety of lights. Over the decades, additional features and controls have been added to vehicles, making them progressively more complex, but also more reliable and easier to operate. These include rear-reversing cameras, air conditioning, navigation systems, and in-car entertainment. Most cars in use in the early 2020s are propelled by an internal combustion engine, fueled by the combustion of fossil fuels. Electric cars, which were invented early in the history of the car, became commercially available in the 2000s and are predicted to cost less to buy than gasoline cars before 2025. The transition from fossil fuels to electric cars features prominently in most climate change mitigation scenarios, such as Project Drawdown's 100 actionable solutions for climate change.There are costs and benefits to car use. The costs to the individual include acquiring the vehicle, interest payments (if the car is financed), repairs and maintenance, fuel, depreciation, driving time, parking fees, taxes, and insurance. The costs to society include maintaining roads, land use, road congestion, air pollution, public health, healthcare, and disposing of the vehicle at the end of its life. Traffic collisions are the largest cause of injury-related deaths worldwide.Personal benefits include on-demand transportation, mobility, independence, and convenience. Societal benefits include economic benefits, such as job and wealth creation from the automotive industry, transportation provision, societal well-being from leisure and travel opportunities, and revenue generation from taxes. People's ability to move flexibly from place to place has far-reaching implications for the nature of societies. There are around 1 billion cars in use worldwide. Car usage is increasing rapidly, especially in China, India and other newly industrialized countries.

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  1. P

    How Long Does It Take for Electro-Fiasco I to Travel 1.0 km from Start to Stop?

    Homework Statement A sportscar, Electro-Fiasco I, can accelerate uniformly to 100 km/h in 3.5 s. Its maximum braking rate cannot exceed 0.7g. What is the minimum time required to go 1.0 km, assuming it begins and ends at rest? Homework Equations $$\Delta x = \int_{t_1}^{t_2} v(t) dt$$ The...
  2. V

    Truck collision with a resting car

    So a truck hits a car, which is at rest. Would there be a moment in time when a car stops exerting a force in equal magnitude but in opposite direction (Newton's third law)? To put in some arbitrarily numbers to make the example easier to understand. Truck weighs 1000 kg, and the car weighs...
  3. Lesliedenise57

    What is the magnitude of the average velocity v of the car?

    Homework Statement A car is traveling a road that makes quarter of a circle with a constant speed s. What is the magnitude of the average velocity v of the car? Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution this is what I have down but I am not sure if I am right *constant speed formula...
  4. Yam

    Slipping off a Car Seat: What Determines Passenger Safety?

    Homework Statement A car traveling at 20 m/s stops in a distance of 60 m. Assume that the deceleration is constant. The coefficients of static and kinetic friction between a passenger and the seat are Us and Uk respectively. You may assume that the passenger is not in contact with anything...
  5. Ismael Nunez

    How Effective Is a Movable Center of Gravity in a Pinewood Derby Car Design?

    Hello everyone! This is my first post, so excuse my improper etiquette (if any). Anyways, the Pinewood Derby, just in case you guys are unfamiliar with it, is an event that is held as a competition where small, homemade cars, race. The track is contains a ramp, which then leads onto a flat...
  6. L

    Why is the friction greater on rear wheels than front wheels in a car?

    My book says option a,b,c is correct. I am able to understand the option a and b but why the friction has larger magnitude on rear wheels than the front wheels. Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution According to me it should be same because weight of the car is equally distributed on...
  7. Astronuc

    News Bob Simon, CBS News Legend, Dies at 73 in NYC Car Accident

    Bob Simon of CBS News dead at 73 in New York City car crash http://news.yahoo.com/cbs-news-correspondent-bob-simon-killed-york-city-025008055.html What a loss! My condolences to his family, friends and colleagues.
  8. J

    How to charge a low amperage battery?

    I have a motorcycle battery which is 6Ah, with a maximum charging current of 0.6A/h. Is there a method of charging it whilst using a 2.7Adc (4A RMS) charger? I was thinking using resistors in parallel or series between the charger and the battery, but I am not sure exactly how.
  9. T

    Free Body Diagram of Car on Mountain

    If a car is on top of a mountain moving with an initial velocity, will it only forces acting on it be the normal force counteracted by the force due to gravity?
  10. L

    What Is the Tension in the Rope When a Railroad Car Accelerates?

    Homework Statement A 7.1 kg object hangs at one end of a rope that is attached to a support on a railroad car. When the car accelerates to the right, the rope makes an angle of 7.7 degrees with the vertical, as shown in the figure below. What is the tension in the rope in Newtons? Homework...
  11. C

    Calculating Final Velocity of a Car Using Uniform Acceleration

    Homework Statement A car enters the freeway with a speed of 6.4 m/s and accelerates uniformly for 3.2 km in 3.5 minutes. How fast in m/s is the car moving after this time? Homework Equations DeltaX=1/2(vi+vf)(DeltaT) Displacement=1/2(initial velocity + final velocity)(Time interval) The...
  12. _N3WTON_

    Centripetal Acceleration of rocket car

    Homework Statement A rocket car is constrained to move on an elliptical track (semi-major axis a and semi-minor axis b ). The car is moving at a constant speed v_0 . Determine the acceleration of the car in \frac{m}{s^2} . a = 4 \hspace{2 mm} km , b = 2 \hspace{2 mm} km , and v_0 = 360...
  13. K

    Car starting to move, friction and forces

    Homework Statement A car of weight 17[kN] starts to move. the coefficient of friction is 0.6. the dimensions in the drawing. The height of the CoM, point C, is 0.5[m]. the front wheels drive the car. What are the pressing forces on the front and rear wheels and what is the friction force on the...
  14. J

    Centripal Force - Friction needed to keep a car tracking a curve

    Homework Statement The question is- What is the minimum coefficient of static friction that would keep the car from sliding off the curve? The Cars mass is 13500KG and it is traveling at 50.0hm/hr(13.9m/s) and the curve has a radius of 2.00 x102 m. I know the centripetal acceleration of the car...
  15. S

    In which case car must do more work -- Kinematics

    Homework Statement In which case car engine must do more work: To start driving from 0 kmph until car reaches 27 kmph or to reach 54 kmph from 27 kmph? Force of resistance in both cases are equal. I need to base answer of this problem on formulas. I apologize for any grammar mistakes (i'm not...
  16. A

    Calculate the damage of the car after collision

    I'm developing a 3 Dimensional android car game, so i need a formula to calculate the damage of the car after colliding the tree, wall or signal. I have velocity and mass of the car and also i have the mass and velocity of the colliding object. I use inelastic collision formula for signal and...
  17. T

    Calculate Tension Between Car and Trailer

    Homework Statement Homework Equations I have no idea how to start this question, I looked at my notes from class and the textbook but just can't figure out how to start it! The Attempt at a Solution Any help would be greatly appreciated! Even if just to get started!Thanks Thomas
  18. anubodh

    Effect on throwing a ball up in a car on it's efficiency

    I just wanted to know when we throw something like a ball up inside a moving car, the weight of that ball till it is air is 0 on the car.Does it mean that the car has become lighter and will take less energy to run.I know the effect is every small but please tell the answer.
  19. hgducharme

    Find the original speed of the car

    Homework Statement Driving along a crowded freeway, you notice that it takes a time t to go from one mile marker to the next. When you increase your speed by 7.7mi/h , the time to go one mile decreases by 15s. What was your original speed? v1 = ? d1 = 1 mile t1 = ? v2 = v1 + 7.7mi/h d2 = 1...
  20. T

    Automotive Average Car Exhaust NOx Emissions with Catalytic Converter Explained

    Can anyone help me out and tell me what the average amount of ppm of NOx is in car exhaust with a catalytic converter? I found .4 grams per mile and can't seem to find any kind of conversion, but I am trying to compare it to another ppm measurement so it needs to be in ppm. Thank you
  21. O

    Automotive Force on dog's head out of car sunfoof

    (i have made this thread as i previously had it in the aero section and it was probably not getting the attention such an important question deserves.) lets use the sunroof as an example for simplicity. what force is the wind acting on the dog at 50mph/22.3m/s? dog head diameter = 0.2m...
  22. DaveC426913

    Switched v. unswitched car cigarette lighter?

    Just bought a Dash Cam for my car - HP F310. It is supposed to power up when the car is turned on and power down when the car is turned off. Seems to me that the only way it can do this is if the cigarette lighter plug that it is plugged into is "switched" (i.e., the plug is powered only when...
  23. T

    Impulse and Acceleration for a Recoiling Car

    Homework Statement A car with a mass of 1000 kg crashes into a rubber wall with an initial velocity of 30 m/s and recoils at 15 m/s. The change in momentum occurs over 1 meter. Find the force that the car experiences and time for which this force acts. Homework Equations v22 - v12=2ad F=ma...
  24. Z

    Automotive Inertia effects of components on a car vs mass fixed in car

    This is a pretty hot and rarely understood topic in the automotive / racing industry. Sure, everyone knows spinning mass on a car is worse than mass sitting in a car. its effects are greater, but by how much? Besides the benefits of the unsprung weight having less gyroscopic forces...
  25. N

    HONDA CIVIC 2010 IMA Phase out.

    Hello Guys, I was wondering what will happen if the battery pack of my Honda civic hybrid dies (dies = malfunctions, stops working completely things like that) ? Moreover I wanted to know if the IMA/PDU can be removed (not used) to thus convert the engine into the a typical gasoline engine ...
  26. N

    Hybrid CIVIC 2010 without hybrid battery

    Hello Guys and Girls, I wanted to know if my HYBRID HONDA CIVIC 2010 would still start up and run if my hybrid battery pack dies ? If it gets started and i am able to drive it, will it affect the car anyhow (apart from few MPG less) on a long term ? Thanks in advance. N.R.
  27. Paulene Gueco

    Efficiency of a Solar Powered Car

    As I am currently residing in Doha, Qatar, I've decided to base my mini-thesis on Solar energy. And although I haven't got it finalized yet, I'm thinking of investigating the efficiency of solar powered cars. I could build a toy car and input solar-powered batteries as opposed to another toy...
  28. stephenranger

    Solving the Car Parking Lights Puzzle: Current, Resistance & Time Calculations

    Homework Statement A total charge of 50 Ah is stored in a 12 V battery of a car. Each of the bulbs of the four parking lights is labelled 3,6 W / 12 V. Homework Equations a) Find the current from the battery when only the parking lights are switched on. b) What is the resistance of one bulb...
  29. G

    Push Rod Suspension Geometry Question Camber Change Wheels

    Hey, I've spent ages trying to solve what seems to be a pretty simple geometrical problem and I was wondering if anyone could help me solve it/give me some tips. I am trying to model how the suspension of a car behaves as a result of a displacement of the wheels. What the attachment shows is a...
  30. oreo

    Pendulum measuring acceleration of car

    I came across this problem which says" A pendulum is hung by roof of a train having mass 1 kg . The train then accelerates and pendulum makes an angle with vertical. What is acceleration of train? " Is it equal to gsinθ?
  31. I

    Does the shape of a car produce lift or downforce?

    I have a few questions related to downforce in cars. Please forgive any fundamental misunderstanding of aerodynamics. Does the shape of a car, say a Volkswagen Golf, driving on a road produce lift or downforce? Is the Coanda Effect at play there? How does the height of the car above the ground...
  32. D

    Coefficient of kinetic friction between a car and the road

    Homework Statement Just found this site ,looks really helpful , so i am doing some revision using past exam papers and have a few head scratches you guys maybe able to help with . A car of mass 1000 kg is traveling at a speed of 25 m/s when it applies its brakes suddenly. The car immediately...
  33. russ_watters

    Automotive How long to charge Dead Car Battery

    Just got a jump start due to having left my trunk ajar last night. Battery was pretty dead ~8.5V. Dead enough that we had to let the jumper car charge it for 10 minutes before it would start. So now it is running in my driveway. How long do you think it will need to charge before it will be...
  34. B

    Laws of Motion topic -- Car being decelerated by a headwind

    Homework Statement A car with mass 2500 kilograms travels along a straight level road at 90 km/h. A headwind begins to blow with a force of 200 N causing the car to slow down. Calculate the car’s deceleration. Homework Equations The book uses the formula F =ma so 3. Book's solution = 0.08...
  35. J

    Energy and momentum in a car accident

    Two identical cars collide with equal and opposite velocity to each other. What happens to the energy? What happens to the momentum? Answer: energy is converted into heat and momentum disappears. But what has that to do with force?
  36. H

    The 1100 kg mass of a car includes four tires

    Homework Statement The 1100 kg mass of a car includes four tires, each of mass (including wheels) 35 kg and diameter 0.80 m. Assume each tire and wheel combination acts as a solid cylinder. If the car is initially at rest and is then pulled by a tow truck with a force of 1500 N, what is the...
  37. Q

    Wind turbine powering alternator of car instead of engine?

    So, my proposition is this: (Note that this is a purely theoretical project, and no models/experiments are necessary.) When a car moves forward, wind moves backward, right (relatively). So if we were to attach a small, retractable wind turbine to the side, connect it to the alternator, we could...
  38. G

    How Does Jumping Men Affect the Velocity of a Flatcar?

    Homework Statement N men, each with mass m, stand on a railway flatcar of mass M. They jump off one end of the flatcar with velocity u relative to the car. The car rolls in the opposite direction without friction. (a) What is the final velocity of the flatcar if all the men jump off at the same...
  39. S

    Direction of car friction in a free-body

    Usually when we've done free-body diagrams with cars, the direction of friction was reasonably opposite the direction of the motion. But here it's different... 1. Homework Statement All I want to know is why the direction of friction is forward. My only guesses are that the wheels are...
  40. R

    Piezoelectricity from wind on cars

    Would it be possible to put piezoelectric devices on the front of a car so that when the car is moving forward, the pressure from the wind on the car and piezo devices produces power to charge a battery? If the wind is strong enough, do you think there would be a considerable amount of energy...
  41. B

    Charger works with engine off in big rig but not in car

    I am a trucker. I drive a Freightliner Cascadia semi-truck. My cell phone charger will charge my cellphone with the engine turned off on my semi-truck. But the same charger will not charge up my cellphone in my car when my car's engine is turned off. Why will my charger charge up a...
  42. P

    Coilgun with car audio capacitors

    Hi guys, I'm new to this forum and I just started working on my first coilgun. I've watched several tutorials on how to build a coilgun but all the capacitors they use in the coilguns are electrolytic capacitors. The capacitors don't deliver as much energy as the car audio capacitors. I'm...
  43. I

    Automotive Car exhaust, gas flow system in the car,air pollution filter

    In this time I try to search after information about 2 things: 1. the gas flow system in the car and the car exhaust 2. the materials that use in air pollution filters If you know good website / professor / paper / book / video lecture / other in one of this area so I will glad if you can let me...
  44. J

    Projectile Motion Using Conservation of Energy

    Homework Statement Exam review question concerning 2 dimensional motion, the professor did not hand out an answer key and I am just looking for an answer check. A car launches at an angle of 30 degrees above the horizontal, off a cliff (50m), moving at an initial speed of 10m/s. Find the...
  45. Ritzycat

    When Do Rocket Cars with Different Accelerations Meet?

    Homework Statement A "rocket car" is launched along a long straight track att = 0 s. It moves with constant acceleration a1 = 2.9m/s2 .At t = 2.8s , a second car is launched with constant acceleration a2 = 7.0m/s2 . At what time does the second car catch up with the first one? How far down the...
  46. J

    Physics Car Project: Honors Physics Student Seeks Ideas & Help

    Hello all! I am a high school student who is taking my first physics class, Honors Physics. I have taken mechanical engineering classes prior to this class. We have recently been assigned our major project of the year: The Dreaded (by some) Physics Car. Our goal is to design and build a...
  47. Nick666

    Automotive What Changes When You Reduce Car Wheel Size by 4%?

    So let's assume I have 100 Nm at the wheel of a car, with a wheel size of 25 in diameter If I put wheels that are 24 in diameter, so 4% smaller, what exactly will change ? Will I have 4% more torque ?
  48. L

    Car paint blocking signal to my drone's antenna

    Hello all, I have a DJI Phantom 2 Vision+ and I just recently had it painted. It is painted like a car would be painted. Ever since the new paint job, my drone is not flying right. It is displaying symptoms of Radio Frequency (RF) interference. The main issue is that it is now flying...
  49. M

    How to calculate turning radius of a car w.r.t speed?

    I want to know the equation by which we can calculate the turing radius of a car with respect to speed or track length as I am designing a racing track for my thesis project. Regards, M.Tayyeb
  50. E

    How Fast Must a Car Go to Clear a 12m Loop and What Are the Max G-Forces?

    1. So the loop is known to be 12m in diameter (6m radius). Assume the car weighs 1250kg - how fast must the car go to clear the loop, and what will be its max G-forces endured? This was the question, which I have broken into 3 sections: a) Velocity at top of loop (done) b) Velocity at start of...
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