Cells Definition and 450 Threads

1 Two cells are connected in parallel by joining the terminals together so that they both face in the same direction. One of the cells has emf 6.0 V and internal resistance 3.0 Ω, and the other cell has emf 4.0 V and internal resistance 2.0 Ω. An 8.0 Ω resistor is connected between the...

Hello all, I am having a very hard time understanding the operating principles of solar cells. I'm mostly confused about what external biasing conditions a solar cell operates under. I have tried googling this question and I get different answers (see the links below). For the TL;DR version...

https://www.msn.com/en-us/health/medical/adults-can-make-new-brain-cells-even-in-their-70s/ar-AAvvLHZ?ocid=spartandhp Whether or not adults make new brain cells has been a constant topic of debate. A new study published today offers hope for our aging brains with the discovery that adults...

I was reading about astronaut Scott Kelly's genes having "permanently" changed after a year in 0-G (the key is not that his capsule was in space, but rather that he was at 0-G, but I digress ...) Is it supposed to mean that genes have changed in new cells being born, eventually taking over as...

High blood pressure can affect health in many ways. No one treatment can control it in all cases. Treating immune cells may help control it. Science mag news article here.

So a new life borns. There is only one cell at the beginning. It starts to multiplicate. What tells its descendants, now you have to become liver, you have to become a neuron, you have to become skin? How is it that the first generation of new cells learn that they have to be different from each...

U.S. Doctors Plan to Treat Cancer Patients Using CRISPR https://www.technologyreview.com/s/609999/us-doctors-plan-to-treat-cancer-patients-using-crispr/

When cells within multicellular organisms started differentiating/specializing, was this handled by a new set of chromosomes developing these functionalities, leaving the DNA that is in charge of unicellular functionality more or less consistent and similar? Or did the original chromosome...

I understand that there is some research going on into gasoline (i.e. petrol) fuel cells (as opposed to the more typical hydrogen or alcohol fuel cells). How much energy can be released through a gasoline fuel cell, as opposed to simply burning it in an internal combustion engine? Will more...

Hello, I read that Golgi Apparatus when examined below the electronic microscope, appears a network of fibrils either apical or perinuclear. And it is apical when the Golgi apparatus is between the secretory pole and the nucleus in secretory cells. I don't know what exactly is the "secretory...

I read that cells in human body are continuously oxidized. Can you explain in layman's term what this means? Is it possible to explain cell oxidation withot reference to "electron loss." Because I cannot imagine visually how a cell can lose an electron or what that means.

Hello, I am researching about fuel cells that use Ethanol as a fuel, because I want to buy a equiptment of approximate 5 Kw (Electric) that uses Ethanol as a fuel for electric generation in anyplace, where yet there is not supply of electrical Energy by wire. Have you heard anything about this...

For the HX711 (data sheet here) I am a bit confused by what it expects as the input voltages. I think its this bit that is relevant: "Channel A can be programmed with a gain of 128 or 64, corresponding to a full-scale differential input voltage of ±20mV or ±40mV respectively, when a 5V supply...

Hi, I'm having some trouble wrapping my head around some of the concepts and language of charge transport in Photovoltaic cells (and thus pn-diodes). My biggest problem is understanding the role played by the emitter region vs. the depletion region. In a typical PV cell the front emitter...

Looking for a practical description. I have a feeling I am grossly misunderstanding something fundamental about electric circuits and apologize if my questions are confusing because of it. I have these two sources: acs hyperphysics My (probably naive) understanding of the process is as...

An article from Science magazine on the potential side-effects of stem cell cures: http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/07/stem-cell-transplant-helped-beat-back-young-doctors-cancer-now-its-assaulting-his-body This is something I've not considered. Stem cell research is the next big thing but...

Hello, can you help me? In my model, I have to simulate source distribution in two volumetric cells (30 and 31). For example, with a photon source of 356 keV, I have to simulate the distribution according 0.2 (20% in source 30: thyroid without nodule) and 0.8 (80% in source 31: nodule). I use...

I'm trying to understand the physical details of the mechanism, by which galvanic cells work, instead of more abstract descriptions of the half reactions that take place and I find it hard to piece together concrete information on this. Below is a description of my basic understanding of the...

A major impediment to curing patients with HIV is the fact that the virus integrates its DNA into the genome of the cells it infects. While antiretroviral drugs and therapies can prevent infection of new cells and kill cells that are actively producing virus, a "latent reservoir" remains that...

For several years, I've been seeing mention of growing number of residential fuel cells in Japan. But in the USA and the EU, hardly a mention. Does anyone know why the puzzling discrepancy? The American company Plug Power has been pushing fuel cells since 1997, but their penetration seems...

Bacterial cells have previously been programmed with human logic. Mammalian cells are now being programmed by molecular biologists. Among other things, they are using recombinases as parts of switch mechanisms to remove particular bits of DNA in response to an input. These changes would have...

Found this today: Here is a very cool picture of directionally selective retinal ganglion cells (go from the retina in the eye to the lateral geniculate (or optic tectum) in the brain). These cells are asymmetrical and only detect movement going up in the visual field. I think the different...

Transistors are tiny crystal of silicon. Transistor switch and it's support component are memory cell. A single memory chip can hold up to 4 transistor ? What is the shrinking bit ? Can you please explain?

Once cells in the body "find their place" between other neighboring cells, do they stay there touching each other in the same way or do they move around, migrating, sliding around with their membranes? Can a cell just "take off"? I wonder the same about neuron cells and their axons and...

Hi, I was wondering if any old polyolefin membrane would work as a separator in an electrochemical cell, or if there is only a special "porous" version. For example, would a grocery store sack (polyethylene) work. It is my understanding that polymers of this sort are naturally porous...

Homework Statement My book states that solar cells are joined in series and in parallel to give a greater power because P=VI is increased by increasing V and I. Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution I assume that the current in the solar cells depend on the intensity of sunlight. The...

So I am trying to figure out how much Wh I would have with these solar cells I have. Each solar cell is rated to have 2.8w. Does this mean if I have 40 of them I would have 112 wh? I am going to be putting the solar cells in series. Does this affect the power? I know adding in series is good...

Suppose I need to fill a row composed of 32 cells with a sequence of 4 cells with value 1 in a row followed by 4 cells with value 0 in a row and then again 4 cells of 1 and so on. How can I do this without copying those cells and repeating pasting them in their location?

Homework Statement Suppose you have two “D” cells and wish to use them to power a light bulb. The two batteries can either be connected in series or in parallel. (a) In order to achieve maximum voltage, how should the cells be connected? Explain. (b) In order to achieve maximum power, how...

In order for a cell to function, chemical signals and other types of molecules need to get from one area of the cell to another. mRNA needs to get from where it is created to DNA, and then from DNA to the ribosomes and other locations of the cell. Chemical signals need to get from one areas of...

hi, i want to know that how many techniques are being used for charge separation? and which one is more effective for solar cell? can you give some idea about it that which one is better and how to make better power conversion efficiency. after going thoroughly through literature review i am...

Published today in Nature: http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/10/mouse-egg-cells-made-entirely-lab-give-rise-healthy-offspring Citation: Hikabe et al. 2016. Reconstitution in vitro of the entire cycle of the mouse female germ line. Nature. Published online Oct 17 2016...

Yes this is a bit broader question but I want to know which processes play their role in movement of magma. If one wants to model magma movement through rocks, which processes should one not miss at all and which equations discuss these processes?. As a starter I can that we can use Navier...

Homework Statement In the following circuit, cell A has an EMF of 10 V and an internal resistance of 2 Ω; cell B has an EMF of 3 V and an internal resistance of 3 Ω. (a) Show that the currents through A and B are 65 / 71 amps and 14 / 71 amps respectively. What is the magnitude of the...

Hello internet! Please excuse any silly questions as I am not (obviously) a professionally educated physicist (yet!). I was doing a school project on alternative energy sources and became rather interested in hydrogen fuel cells, specifically to replace batteries in small scale, high energy...

My understanding is that genes code for proteins that then do a certain function. Apart from mitosis in an organism, I heard that cells (in forms of stem cells) are also produced and released into the body. I guess these would be all the floating around the body cells? Or the nerve cells that...

Hello, I'm trying to better understand the limiting factors in Diamond Anvil Cells that limit the achievable pressure to around 7 or 8 Mbar at the moment, despite not being a specialist. For example, is there a special reason other than the tiny size of the crystal sample used in DACs for why...

I have seen some sites say that it doesn't and other says the opposite. So let's see Source of the pic: Chemguide Lets look at the hydrogen (Oxidation) half cell. If we assume that it contributes x volts until the electron reachs the copper, then no matter how big is the distance the voltage...

Hey I know atom is very small particle. But is it true that cell are made from atoms.

Why do white blood cells die and what cause them to destroy within a few (20-30) hours? I have an other question also that if red blood cells remain within capillaries, veins and arteries then how do they pass onto liver cells for the breakdown or they die within veins, capillaries and arteries?

Hello, I'm working on simulation of hydrogenated amorphous and microcristalline silicon solar cells. The software I use is AMPS 1D So, I need (n,k) of hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide (a-SiC:H) Thank you

Homework Statement Which of the following is/are true regarding glucose transport to the brain? There could be multiple answers. a) Glucose uptake by the nerve cells of the brain is dependent on insulin b) Greater concentrations of glucose in the blood should increase the rate at which glucose...

Hi there, I have recently been researching in depth solar cells/panels, the parameters of their efficiency and the photoelectric effect in general, specifically how different wavelengths of light affect it. My research has yielded a few facts; that the efficiency of standard silicon solar cells...

Hi I have a pretty specific question. It is in regards to tissues in multicellular organisms. Is there any information on how different cell grouping arose in multicellular organisms? I have some ideas from what I've so far read and learned: - Would this have happened because two different...

Hi I want to know whether DNA inside our brain neuron cells helps us process images of what we see through our eyes.

Homework Statement The activity of drugs 1 to 5 is given as follows: Drug #1: blocks RNA-dependent RNA polymerases Drug #2: blocks DNA-dependent RNA polymerases Drug #3: blocks RNA-dependent DNA polymerases Drug #4: blocks DNA-dependent DNA polymerases Drug #5: blocks ribosomes Using this...

How can I set up a function with an if command such that it only copies values greater than zero from another column while leave the rest of the cells empty (not zero)?

Hi, I'm doing a project and an looking at building a small weigh scale and measure about 40lbs max (even lesser is ok as I'm learning). I'm looking for load cell thickness of 5mm or less (:smile:). I've one kitchen scale that I opened but that load cell is bigger. I looked at the web and found...

So globular just means spherical, are globular proteins just red blood cells; then all red blood cells are considered globular proteins. Are all enzymes in the blood red blood cells? Are all red blood cells enzymes? What else in the blood is spherical? What is in the blood other than...

I have a couple of questions about nanotechnology. Are nanobots like organic cells in anyway? Meaning do they perform the same functions as organic cells, in terms of delivering energy within the machine they operate in? And what powers nanobots? Do they have their own power supply like a...