In Newtonian physics, free fall is any motion of a body where gravity is the only force acting upon it. In the context of general relativity, where gravitation is reduced to a space-time curvature, a body in free fall has no force acting on it.
An object in the technical sense of the term "free fall" may not necessarily be falling down in the usual sense of the term. An object moving upwards might not normally be considered to be falling, but if it is subject to only the force of gravity, it is said to be in free fall. The Moon is thus in free fall around the Earth, though its orbital speed keeps it in very far orbit from the Earth's surface.
In a roughly uniform gravitational field, in the absence of any other forces, gravitation acts on each part of the body roughly equally. When there is no normal force exerted between a body (e.g. an astronaut in orbit) and its surrounding objects, it will result in the sensation of weightlessness, a condition that also occurs when the gravitational field is weak (such as when far away from any source of gravity).
The term "free fall" is often used more loosely than in the strict sense defined above. Thus, falling through an atmosphere without a deployed parachute, or lifting device, is also often referred to as free fall. The aerodynamic drag forces in such situations prevent them from producing full weightlessness, and thus a skydiver's "free fall" after reaching terminal velocity produces the sensation of the body's weight being supported on a cushion of air.
I've been told that if you drop a magnet through a coil the induced emf and flux graphs would look like this:
I understand that when the bar magnet is in the middle of the coil the emf induced is zero as flux change in top and bottom is in opposite directions but why is effective flux maximum...
I have seen the solution for this problem but still there are some things I do not understand and would like clarification.
In the equations below I understand that we use the chain rule on m and v but what I don't understand why m*dv/dt is 0, I don't think is because the acceleration of dm is...
I have currently an issue about the height at which the projection of 1 sigma edges in 2D contour should intersect the associated Likelihood.
Here a figure to illustrate my issue :
At bottom left is represented the joint distribution (shaded blue = contours at 2 sigma (95% C.L) and classic...
I have a question :
If we consider the change in g due to distance from the Earth core; then
y=distance from earth’s core
t=time
G=gravitation constant
M=Earth’s mass
k=GM
$$y^2(t)=\frac{k}{y(t)^2}$$
If we consider air resistive force as proportional to speed squared, then:
m=falling object...
APPROACH 1 (correct):
Height above ground = 3 - (v+u)/2 * t
= 3 - 18.263/2 * 0.25
= 0.717 m
-----------------------------------------------------
APPROACH 2 (incorrect):
Let d be the height from the ground when he is stopped by the cushion.
PE loss = Work done against motion by cushion
mgh =...
From one point of view the charged particle is accelerating and should emit electromagnetic waves.
But from the equivalence principle, I think, it should not.
Does anybody know the answer?
This question came up in a lecture, and I wasn't really satisfied with how it was solved. Specifically, they assumed that the hanging part of the chain has zero horizontal velocity. What they did was essentially write down the equation ##m\ddot{x} = \frac{mg}{l} x##, which under the above...
Suppose you just poured a glass of champagne, then you drop the glass straight down (so that there is no tilting).
Do the bubbles:
(1) Continue to rise with respect to the glass.
(2) Remain in place with respect to the glass.
(3) Sink with respect to the glass.My intuition is telling me that...
I have seen the solution and understand it. The solution defines θ to be the angle between the falling rod and the table. It then equates initial PE to the final (PE+KE) where the final PE=0 and the final KE to be (1/2) Iω2+ (1/2) ma2ω2 to finally obtain ω = √(3g/2a)
But i would like to know...
Good afternoon,
I have a question regarding this derivation that I'm covering in Thornton & Marion's "Classical Dynamics of Particles and Systems". In it, we're covering the most basic equation of motion for a particle falling in a medium.
I understand the process of starting with Newton's 2nd...
Here I consider the twin paradox for two observers moving in the Schwarzschild spacetime, i.e., the spacetime where one has one radially symmetric non-rotating star, leading to the invariant line element (written in the usual Schwarzschild coordinates)
$$\mathrm{d} s^2=\left (1-\frac{R}{r}...
A homogeneous rod of length l and mass m is free to rotate in a vertical plane around a point A, the constraint is without friction.
Initially the rod is stopped in the position of unstable equilibrium, therefore it begins to fall rotating around A and hits, after a rotation of ## \pi ## , a...
The equation manipulation that shows that bodies will fall at the same rate regardless of their mass is very straight forward, because mass cancels when you set F = ma of the body equal to gravitational force using Newton's gravitational equation. I have no problem understanding that in terms of...
A chain with length L and mass density σ kg/m is held in the position
shown in Fig. 5.28, with one end attached to a support. Assume that
only a negligible length of the chain starts out below the support. The
chain is released. Find the force that the support applies to the chain, as
a function...
The following is an improved version of my previous post https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/falling-electric-dipole-contradicts-the-equivalence-principle.964594/
Consider the following system comprising a particle on the left with charge ##+q## that is a large distance ##d## away from two...
Help me find the friction force when slipping/falling
I already posted this question, but I needed to reword it and include more info.
A 158 lb man runs on a horizontal wet surface at 3 mph before decelerating to 1.5 mph about 4 feet before a right turn. There are cement stairs at the turn...
Hey all,
I need a reality check and verification on some work I have been doing. I feel as though I might be too close to the problem now and am missing something about this. It's also been a few years since I studied physics at University, so I'm a little rusty.
Problem:
An initially...
The magnet being used
% magnet dimensions [m]
d = .0127;
r = .00238;
%mass of magnet [kg]
m_w = .0017;
% other constants
u_0 = 1.26E-6; % permeability of free space constant T m/A
g = 9.81; % gravitational constant in/s^2
%coil properties [22 gauge wire] [m]
a = .00635; %radius
w =...
Hi,
This question is so simple - sorry if the answer is also that simple...
It is pretty clear that every matter can cross the event horzion of a black hole. It is said that this process can be even very smooth if the black hole is big enough ("the bigger, the better for you", this is how I...
Hi,
I'm looking at the forces exerted onto an anchor point when a n object is dropped but is secured to that anchor point witha steel wire rope lanyard.
i can find this but not sure if it is relevant or not to my investigation:
Fmax = mg + sqrt(2mg x E x A x fall factor +(mg)2 )
The mass is...
When the box travels a ## X## distance, the wedge travels ## \frac{X}{2}##. So ##a = 2A##
Using the wedge as a non inertial frame:
I didn't use (4). Using (2) on (3) and then on (1) I got:
##2mA=mgsin\alpha +mAcos\alpha + \frac{-mgcos\alpha sin\alpha +mAsin^2\alpha +MA}{2cos\beta -...
Hi,
When objects fall in a gravitational field, they convert gravitational potential energy into kinetic energy. Because energy is always conserved:
amount of kinetic energy gained = amount of gravitational potential energy lost.
Now the gravitational energy lost should be equal to the amount...
As I understand it, as you get closer to a black hole no matter what trajectory you were on approaching it, you will get pulled into the disk of spinning matter around the black hole which I assume is around it's equator?
I am just curious as to what is happening to the "space" in the disk, and...
I tried to calculate it by the way I know, i.e., setting the right hand side of the equation of motion to zero and getting
v² = 25g = 2500 (taking g =10)
=> v = 50m/s
But this answer is incorrect. How do I use the information of the initial velocity and why would it effect the terminal...
The weight accelerating/pulling the trolley is changed and corresponding acceleration recorded. What I don’t understand is why the weight added/removed to the hanging weight is removed/added to the trolley
How long would it take for an object, stationary with respect to a black hole (mass of the sun), to fall from 1 AU into it beyond its event horizon?
From our frame of reference can we observe over time, a black hole growing in size as matter falls beyond the event horizon?
From our frame of...
we know that the center of instantaneous 0 velocity lies in the interception of 2 perpendicular lines to 2 points, which in this case lies above B. The velocity of any point of the rod can be described relative to the center of instantaneuous 0 velocity ##(Q)## as: $$\vec v_{P/Q}=\vec \omega...
How did you find PF?: youtube
[Moderator: moved from new member intro forum]How did you find PF?: youtube
i need a falling mass over time /joules per kilo over 1hr time
also need to know how to figure gearing to maintain fall over time in regards to a set resistance such as a 5 kw alternator
Aristotle further believed that objects fall at a speed that is proportional to their weight. In other words, if you took a wooden object and a metal object of the same size and dropped them both, the heavier metal object would fall at a proportionally faster speed. link
I mean these guys were...
I made experiment on "Free Fall". I made a conical hopper of 15 liter volume and a vacuum chamber of , installed hopper upon vacuum chamber of 65 liter volume. Fixed a 2.5" gate valve to discharge powder in vacuum chamber. Connected both, hopper and vacuum chamber to vacuum pump (63 cum/ hr) and...
The question comes from a thought experiment of a rocket approaching the Earth accelerating at a constant rate of 1g from say from a hypothetical "earth like planet" near by. . we would be standing on the floor of the upright rocket as it lifts off, if we are standing on a scale, our...
A is given waveform, we have to use circuits to get B and C waveform. For B we can use an And Gate with 2 inputs, X and Y. X is buffered (to get some delay) and is fed to Y input of And Gate. So we'll get waveform B.
But I don't know how to get C waveform. The question is that even if I extend...
Hi all, so I had this problem and on the exam and I got a solution but I had an mass-term in there which wasn't given.
I used Farraday's Law of Induction to get the Voltage induced.
Then I used ##rho* \frac{A}{4a} ## for the resistance and divided the Voltage by that to get the current.
I then...
Hi all,
I found this problem in a new textbook I'm working through.
And my energy conservation equation was ## mg\frac {h}{2} = \frac {1}{2} I ω^2 + mg \frac {h}{2}*sin(55) ##
My solution was wrong and after checking why I found that they used cos(35) as the angle. The rest was the same.
I'm a...
Summary: How would you calculate the force at a point of a falling 220kV Conductor?
Hi, bit a of a funny one.
I need to calculate the force of a cable falling at a point (left edge of a scaffold) as detailed in the attached sketch. (Not to scale what so ever).
We’re building a scaffold between...
Is there any formula for underwater falling sphere which can measure the velocity of that sphere at any time before it reaches its terminal velocity? A sample question is: I dropped a sphere into water with 0m/s initial velocity. what will be the velocity of that sphere after 3s? {the radius and...
a) what is its speed after falling to 2.00s
motion formula $v=u+at$
so
$v = 6.00 \dfrac{m}{s}
+ 9.81 \dfrac{m}{s^{\cancel{2}}}{2.00 \cancel{s}}
= 27.6 \dfrac{m}{s}$
b) How far does it fall in 2.00s
distance formula $d= ut + \dfrac{1}{2}at^2$
so...
Summary: I am looking to determine the velocity of a the gust of air normal to a falling object. Say if you to be standing next to an open frame building with a flat roof then take away all the columns and let the roof free fall. What kind of wind velocity would you experience.
I am looking to...
Problem Statement: You decide to throw a frozen chicken out of a 20 m high window. How much do you expect the chicken to warm up by, assuming all of the potential energy converts to thermal energy. Treat the chicken having a specific heat of 4186 J/kg ∙ K.
Relevant Equations: PE= mgh
Q= mc...
Hi
I'm wondering, if I had a mass of 10kg and I dropped it 10 metres, how would I work out how much force is exerted on a rope? The rope is made of rubber bands
What happens to the inertia of a mass falling into a black hole? I am not even sure if I frame the questions correctly. Will this mass reach the center or is mass distributed within the black hole? Is the singularity the whole volume of the black hole or is it a point in the center? If a large...
I know that has been discussed elsewhere but never could find for a satisfying answer, so I try this here again.
Let us not take into account that an observer (an astronaut or a clock or just let us take both: an astronaut with a clock) falling into a black hole (BH) will be killed and torn...
(a) Let's say the loop has fallen ##y## from its initial position. Then the magnetic flux is ##B_{0}w(h-y)## and the induced voltage is ##\mathcal{E}=B_{0}wdy/dt##. Since this voltage is positive, the current flows clockwise.
(b) ##I=\frac{\mathcal{E}}{R}=\frac{B_{0}wv}{R}##
(c) The force on...
First of all, disclaimer: This isn't an official assignment or anything, so I'm not even sure if there is a resonably simple solution.
Consider the following sketch.
(Forgive me if it isn't completely clear, I didn't want to fiddle around for too long with tikz...)
Let us assume that we can...
To find vx
vx = dx/t = 3.86 m/1.5 s= 2.573 m/s
To find Ek
Ek = ½mvx²= ½(79.4)(2.573)²= 262.8 J
W = FnetΔd
Fnet = 262.8 J/ 3.86 m = 68 N
He hits him with a force of 68N