Ideal gas law Definition and 239 Threads

Hi All, I would like to understand a little more about the following equation moles = \frac{Mass(g)}{Molar Mass} I know that this is to calculate the Moles for use in the ideal gas law equation PV=n \times R \times T Lets say I had to find two variable in the ideal gas law...

Perhaps I have some mental block with basic algebra (so don't judge me on that), but... Here is a simple high-school level question regarding ideal gas laws: If I have two fixed chambers "a" and "b", both of equal volume connected in the middle with a compressor, and I compress gas taken...

Homework Statement The ideal gas law from chem is PV = nRT. A process carried out at const. pressure is said to be isobaric. A process carried out at const. temperature is said to be isothermal. A.) Using limits and the ideal gas law and assuming const. number of moles, show that that the...

[b]1.A Jaguar XK8 convertible has an eight-cylinder engine. At the beginning of its compression stroke, one of the cylinders contains 493cm^3 of air at atmospheric pressure (1.01*10^5 Pa) and a temperature of 27.0 degress celcius . At the end of the stroke, the air has been compressed to a...

Homework Statement A cylinder of height H = 1.2 m high rests on a table. The bottom half of the cylinder is filled with an ideal gas; on top of that is a frictionless, movable disk of negligible mass and thickness. Above the disk, the top half of the cylinder is completely filled with liquid...

the ideal gas law, PV=nRT, I have question about the parameter P. Does P stands for the pressure exert by the gas or the atmospheric pressure? Say helium gases are enclosed inside a balloon. Then it gives pressure, temperature, and volume data to use the gas law. Does the pressure refer...

Homework Statement This question would be impossible to solve without the diagram, which I can't post so instead i'll just tell you what I have so far. gas springs are commonly used on trunk lids of cars. They are a closed system consisting of a pressure tube and piston rod with piston...

In my course they're using the equality U = \frac{p}{\alpha \rho} with alpha some constant (U = internal energy per mass, p = pressure, rho = density). They explicitly derive it for an ideal gas yet later apply it to a liquid (in the context of deriving the Navier-Stokes energy equation). Seems...

what is the reciprocity theorem? and does ideal gas law PV=nRT follows the theorem?

Homework Statement A rigid container holds 2.80 mol of gas at a pressure of 1.20 atm and a temperature of 60.0 degrees Celsius. What is the container's volume? Homework Equations PV=nRT The Attempt at a Solution (2.80*8.31*333)/1.20 = 6457m^3 This answer seems way too big...

Homework Statement The closed cylinder of the figure has a tight-fitting but frictionless piston of mass M. the piston is in equilibrium when the left chamber has pressure p0 and length L0 while the spring on the right is compressed by ΔL. a. What is ΔL in terms of p0, L0, A, M, and k...

1. I am supposed to calculate the mass of water vapour in one cubic meter of air that has a relative humidity of 80% at 20°C. 2. p[v] = (eM[w]) / (RT) Where: p[v] = vapour density e = water vapour pressure M[w] = molar mass of water R = gas constant (8,314 J / (mol*K)...

Homework Statement What is the pressure inside a $50.0$ L container holding $105.0$ kg of argon gas at $20^\circ$ C?Homework Equations Ideal Gas Law: PV=nRTThe Attempt at a Solution From the ideal gas law, I get P=\frac{nRT}{V}=\frac{\frac{105.0\times 10^3g}{36g/mol}\times 0.08214\frac{L\cdot...

I am trying to solve a problem but I am not sure if I am going about it the right way. I am using the ideal gas law to find out the amount of steam it will take to open a relief valve. Using the law I have calculated the amount of steam that will be in a volume but I am not sure if that is also...

Homework Statement You have several identical balloons. You experimentally determine that a balloon will break if its volume exceeds 0.900L . The pressure of the gas inside the balloon equals air pressure (1.00 atm). The air inside the balloon has a constant temperature of 22 C. How many...

Ideal Gas Law Problem (Please help!) Show that if the temperature in the atmosphere is independent of altitude, then the pressure as a function of altitude y is p=(p initial)e^(-mgt/kT) Where m is the average mass per molecule of air. I really have no idea where to start. Please help...

Homework Statement A gas is in a piston which is at 25 degrees celsius with a volume 4.0L is held in a room at atmospheric pressure. If the temperature is increased to 193 degrees celsius, the piston expands to it's maximum volume. If the pressure in the room is then increased to 4.3 atm, what...

Homework Statement A vacuum pump on Earth can produce a vacuum with a pressure as low as 1.00*10^-8 torr. How many molecules are present in each mL at a temperature of 27.0 degrees Celsius? V = 1mL = 10^-3 L <-- How many sig figs should I use here? Should I make it 1.00*10^-3L or keep it...

Homework Statement Calculate the work done in an adiabatic process where P1 = 1.2 atm, V1 = 0.2 m^3, P2 = 2.4 atm and V2 = 0.117 m^3 Homework Equations W=-nCvΔT PV=nRT The Attempt at a Solution I tried to group the work formula as follows: W=-(nΔT)Cv and then tried to rewrite...

Homework Statement A fixed mass of oxygen (O2, molecular mass = 32 g/mol) is contained in a cylinder whose volume is 2.80 liters. The pressure is 148 atm when the temperature is 23oC. Find the mass of oxygen in the cylinder. a. 20 g b. 80 g c. 140 g d. 280 g e. 546 g Homework...

Homework Statement What is the volume of one mole of ideal gas at 300 K and at standard atmospheric pressure? a. 23.2 L b. 24.1 L c. 24.6 L d. 25.7 L Homework Equations PV=nRT The Attempt at a Solution 1atm*V=1mole*8.314*300K V=2494 L which is not in the options :s...

Homework Statement A wine-dispensing system uses argon canisters to pressurize and preserve wine in a bottle. An argon canister for the system has a volume of 55.0 mL and contains 26.0 g of argon. Assuming ideal gas behavior, what is the pressure in the canister at 295 K? When the argon is...

Homework Statement This is a problem form my calculus book, which states: According to the ideal gas law, the pressure, temperature, and volume of a confined gas are related by P=kT/V, where K is a constant. Use differentials to approximate the percentage change in pressure if the temperature...

What volume does 1 mole of gas occupy at 1 atm pressure and 273.15K? PV = nRT so V =nRT/P V = (1)(8.314)(273.15)/1 Im getting 2270.96, the answer is ment to be 22.4L, what am i doing wrong? P= 1 V= ? n= 1 R= 8314 T= 273.15K

Homework Statement Sealed container which is used to heat 200 kg water is initially at 25 degrees C. Since the container is sealed, the water remains in saturated state while its temperature and pressure increases. The remaining volume of the container is filled with water vapor at the same...

Homework Statement A 500 m^3 tank is filled with saturated liquid-vapor mixture of water at 200 kPa. If 20% percent of mass is liquid and 80 percent of the mass is vapor, the total mass in the tank is? Homework Equations pV=mRT The Attempt at a Solution Don't have a clue... sorry

Homework Statement A rigid tank contains 5 kg of an ideal gas at 4 atm and T=40 deg C. Now, a valve is opened and half of the mass of the gas is allowed to escape. If the final pressure in the tank is 1.5 atm, the final temperature in the tank is? Homework Equations pV=mRT The...

Homework Statement Each square meter of an actively growing forsest fixes on average each year 1 kg of carbon from the atmosphere into plant matter through photosynthesis. The atmosphere is approximately 20% O2 and 80% N2, but contains 0.046% CO2 by weight. a.) What volume of air at 25oC...

The ideal gas law staes that pressure is inversely proportional to volume. Makes sense but I am confused by what happens in a venturi tube, where volume seems to decrease at the same time that pressure decreases also. I understand that dynamic pressure increases in the throat but what am I...

Here's my understanding... (P1V1)/T1 = (P2V2)/T2 P1 = starting pressure, typically sea level pressure which is 1atm. V1 = Starting volume of the gas inside your balloon. T1 = starting temperature, temperature at ground level. P2 = final pressure, this should be the pressure at your flight...

This is a question from my calculus book that i thought was interesting, its not homework but I am curious to how you go about showing it. Show T (∂P/∂T)(∂V/∂T)=NR We know PV=NRT so if we take a partial how does the T end up on the other side?

I haven't been able to try all parts of this question yet as I've been running into problems fairly near the start. I've asked for help with it but have just been told 'use the ideal gas law' which is what I tried to do but can't seem to get it right. We have been given answers to parts a, b...

Homework Statement A cylinder in a car engine takes Vi = 4.50 x 10^-2 m^3 of air into the chamber at 30°C and at atmospheric pressure. The piston then compresses the air to one-ninth of the original volume (0.111Vi) and to 20.0 times the original pressure (20.0 Pi). What is the new...

Homework Statement The gas law for an ideal gas at absolute temperature T (in kelvins), pressure P (in atmospheres), and volume V (in liters) is PV = nRT, where n is the number of moles of the gas and R = 0.0821 is the gas constant. Suppose that, at a certain instant, P = 9.0 atm and is...

So here's what has me all confuzzled about the relationship between temperature and pressure: Temperature is proportionate to average kinetic energy... but why does expanding a container lower the KEavg of the container's gaseous contents? Shouldn't the conservation of momentum keep all the...

Homework Statement A 3-Litre Vessal gas at a pressure of 200 kPa. 5-Litres of gas at the same pressure if forced into the vessal. Calculate the new Pressure Homework Equations P1V1+P2V2 The Attempt at a Solution P1=200*V1=3 / V2=5 = P2 120 kPa New Pressure = 120 kPa I am...

Ok so I just need help with clarifying in how I should attempt to solve this problem. There's two question involving the same information. I've solved the first question but need help with setting up the second one. Here is the problem: Two containers, A and B are filled with argon. The...

Homework Statement A smooth, well-greased insulated cylindrical container with a metal base has a light (so you can neglect its weight), airtight piston that can frictionlessly move up and down the inside of the container. A mass M = 73 kg sits on top of the piston. The piston has a circular...

Homework Statement When you push down on the handle of a bicycle pump, a piston in the pump cylinder compresses the air inside the cylinder. When the pressure in the cylinder is greater than the pressure inside the inner tube to which the pump is attached, air begins to flow from the pump to...

Homework Statement P=1.5 atm; n=2 mols, R=8.314; T=250 K; V=? Homework Equations PV=nRT i converted p into Pa and got 151987.5 Pa. The Attempt at a Solution I plugged in all of the numbers and got V=0.027 L but it keeps saying my answer is wrong. It says answer for 2 sig figs. I...

What is the trick to derive the ideal gas law and gas constant from the "combination" of Charles', Boyle's, and Avogado's laws? The general chemistry books I have seen tell me this is how they derived the ideal gas law and constant but they do not show how that is achieved. I tried to go about...

Homework Statement A nebula-a region of the galaxy where new stars are forming-contains a very tenuous gas with 100 atoms/cm^3. This gas is heated to 7500 K by ultraviolet radiation from nearby stars. Put the answer in atmospheres. Homework Equations pV=nRT R=8.31 n=N/NA NA =...

Homework Statement Estimate the required temperature of the air inside a (rigid) balloon in order for it to achieve lift off. Volume 2000m3 \summass, mtot=920kg Homework Equations pV=NkT p=\frac{Force}{Area} \rho=\frac{m}{V} The Attempt at a Solution We require Fup>(mair+mtot)g (assume...

Homework Statement In outer space, the density of matter is about one atom per cm^3, mainly hydrogen atoms, and the temperature is about 3.4K. Calculate the average speed of the hydrogen atoms, and the pressure (in atmospheres) M_H = 1.0079au = 1.67 X 10^-27 Kg 1 Hydrogen atom per cm^3...

I'm curious from a lab sort of perspective, how does one keep a gas at a constant temperature yet decrease both pressure and density? Like how could I reduce the pressure of argon gas with the gas kept at room temperature? Put it in a vacuum larger than the space it normally occupies or...

My physics problem is as following, Estimate the average temperature of the air inside a hot air balloon. Assume that the total mass of the unfilled balloon and payload is 500kg. what is the mass of the air inside the balloon? we are told to use a radius of 15m Equations needed density = m/V...

The ideal gas law states that pressure (P) is equal to the product of density (N), the ideal gas constant (R) and temperature (T): P = N x R x T I can't figure out which unit the pressure is actually in, although it does seems to work out as the figure I'm supposed to get with a 11706.85°...

Any ideas appreciated!

Homework Statement A cook puts 9.00g of water in a 2.00L pressure cooker and warms it to 500 degree celcius. What is the pressure inside the container.Homework Equations P_{total} = P_{1} + P_{2} +... (eqn1) PV = nRT (eqn2) \frac{P_{1}}{T_{1}} = \frac{P_{2}}{T_{1}} (eqn3) The Attempt at a...

Homework Statement To measure how far below the ocean surface a bird dives to catch a fish, a scientist uses a method originated by Lord Kelvin. He dusts the interiors of plastic tubes with powdered sugar and then seals one end of each tube. He captures the bird at nighttime in its nest and...