Ideal gas Definition and 856 Threads

Homework Statement When you push down on the handle of a bicycle pump, a piston in the pump cylinder compresses the air inside the cylinder. When the pressure in the cylinder is greater than the pressure inside the inner tube to which the pump is attached, air begins to flow from the pump to...

Homework Statement P=1.5 atm; n=2 mols, R=8.314; T=250 K; V=? Homework Equations PV=nRT i converted p into Pa and got 151987.5 Pa. The Attempt at a Solution I plugged in all of the numbers and got V=0.027 L but it keeps saying my answer is wrong. It says answer for 2 sig figs. I...

Homework Statement A monatomic ideal gas is held in a thermally insulated container with a volume of 0.0900m 3. The pressure of the gas is 110 kPa, and its temperature is 347 K. To what volume must the gas be compressed to increase its pressure to 150 kPa? To what volume must the gas be...

What is the trick to derive the ideal gas law and gas constant from the "combination" of Charles', Boyle's, and Avogado's laws? The general chemistry books I have seen tell me this is how they derived the ideal gas law and constant but they do not show how that is achieved. I tried to go about...

a monatomic ideal gas initially at 17°C is suddenly compressed to one-tenth its original volume. What is the tmeperature after copression? make the same calculations for a diatomic gas.

Homework Statement I'm trying to understand algebraically how the solution was arrived at for the following problem. Automobile tire at normal atmosphere at 10 deg C. Inflating the tire to 28% of original volume with an increase in temp to 40 deg C What is the pressure? Homework...

Hey everyone. I hope someone can help. I'm off on this by several factors so I'm wondering what I may be inferring incorrectly. Homework Statement Express the chemical potential of an ideal gas in termps of T and V: \mu = c_{P}T - c_{V}T\ln T - RT\ln V - s_{0}T + const Homework...

Why does the ideal gas state equation fail at high pressures for real gases? I think it has something to do with the forces between the molecules in the gas, but I'm not sure the exact reason

Homework Statement A nebula-a region of the galaxy where new stars are forming-contains a very tenuous gas with 100 atoms/cm^3. This gas is heated to 7500 K by ultraviolet radiation from nearby stars. Put the answer in atmospheres. Homework Equations pV=nRT R=8.31 n=N/NA NA =...

When using the equipartition theorem to derive the heat capacity of an ideal gas, you have \left\langle H \right\rangle=\left\langle \frac{1}{2}m\left(v^{2}_{x}+v^{2}_{y}+v^{2}_{z} \right) \right\rangle and each degree of freedom contributes 1/2 kT to the total energy and 1/2 k to the total...

Homework Statement Estimate the required temperature of the air inside a (rigid) balloon in order for it to achieve lift off. Volume 2000m3 \summass, mtot=920kg Homework Equations pV=NkT p=\frac{Force}{Area} \rho=\frac{m}{V} The Attempt at a Solution We require Fup>(mair+mtot)g (assume...

Homework Statement In outer space, the density of matter is about one atom per cm^3, mainly hydrogen atoms, and the temperature is about 3.4K. Calculate the average speed of the hydrogen atoms, and the pressure (in atmospheres) M_H = 1.0079au = 1.67 X 10^-27 Kg 1 Hydrogen atom per cm^3...

Homework Statement Show that internal energy U = U(T) only for an ideal gas who'se equation of state is: P(V-b) = RT (the claussius equation for n moles of gas) Homework Equations Thermodynamic Equation of state: \left(\frac{\partial U}{\partial V}\right)_T =...

1. Homework Statement An Ideal gas and a block of copper have equal volumes V and at the same temperature T and atmosphere pressure P. The pressure on both substances is increased reversibly and isothermally to 5P. a) Find the work done on the ideal gas if V = 0.5 m and T= 300 K P =...

Homework Statement An Ideal gas and a block of copper have equal volumes V and at the same temperature T and atmosphere pressure P. The pressure on both substances is increased reversibly and isothermally to 5P. a) Find the work done on the ideal gas if V = 0.5 m and T= 300 K P =...

Homework Statement I'm struggling to explain why for an ideal gas at constant pressure heating by burning fuel is equivalent to reversible heating. I know that all forms of work on a ideal gas are eqivalent but don't know why. Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution

Partition separates two gases in a rigid well-insulated container. Q=0, W=0. State 1: Air: m=1kg P=500kPa T=350K CO_2: m=3kg P=200kPa T=450K Assume constant specific heats. Assume kinetic and potential energy changes are negligible. Assume the partition between the two gases...

I'm curious from a lab sort of perspective, how does one keep a gas at a constant temperature yet decrease both pressure and density? Like how could I reduce the pressure of argon gas with the gas kept at room temperature? Put it in a vacuum larger than the space it normally occupies or...

Hi, If I have a container with fixed volume, and fill it entirely with a known quantity of CO2, and then heat the edges, I should be right in saying I have under my control the temperature, volume and molecule number, and the pressure is fixed by the ideal gas equation (assuming the assumptions...

My physics problem is as following, Estimate the average temperature of the air inside a hot air balloon. Assume that the total mass of the unfilled balloon and payload is 500kg. what is the mass of the air inside the balloon? we are told to use a radius of 15m Equations needed density = m/V...

Homework Statement see attachment. I've asked this question before but no one replied. not sure what formula I should use. already tried lambda (max and med) = C*m*K but neither of them worked. I need some help with this pretty quick if anyone can, thanks. Homework Equations The...

Homework Statement For a relativistic ideal gas, the momentum probability distribution is given by where http://latex.codecogs.com/gif.latex?\epsilon_p=\sqrt[]{m^2c^4+c^2p^2}. Determine A Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution I know that...

The ideal gas law states that pressure (P) is equal to the product of density (N), the ideal gas constant (R) and temperature (T): P = N x R x T I can't figure out which unit the pressure is actually in, although it does seems to work out as the figure I'm supposed to get with a 11706.85°...

Homework Statement In a quasistaic adiabatic process in a monatomic ideal gas PV^5/3 = constant [DO NOT PROVE]. A monatomic ideal gas initially has a pressure of P0 and a volume of V0. It undergoes a quasistatic adiabatic compression to half its initial volume. Show that the work done on...

Homework Statement ethylene is stored in 5.6 liter spherical vessel at 260degC and 2750 kPa. To protect against explosion the vessel is enclosed in another spherical vessel with volume of 56L and filled with nitrogen at 260degC and 10.1Mpa. The entire assembly is maintained at 260degC in a...

1. Consider an I.G. expanding from a given state to a fixed final volume at either an isobaric or isothermal process. For which case is the work done greater? 2.Energy balance: \sumEin - \sumEout = (Win - Wout) + (Qin - Qout) = \DeltaU; W = \int Fds Where Q represents heat, W represents work...

Homework Statement The ideal gas equation, PV=nRT, may have the following units: P is given in bar (bar) V is given in m3 (cubic meters) N is given in mol (moles) T is given in K (kelvin) Which value of R would you use for the calculation if you were using the above units for the...

Hello, A friend of mine (we're both first-years) has just done his herexam of Thermodynamics & Intr. to Statistical Mechanics. He had to get a relationship between pressure P and energy density E/V for a photongas. As a simplification E = \sum |p| c was given. He couldn't do it with the...

Homework Statement 1 mole of monatomic ideal gas. P1 = 2 atm V1 = 44.8 L T1 = 1092 K. The path to P2 = 1 atm V2 = 22.4 L and T2 = 273K is P = 6.643E-4 * V^2 + 2/3. Calculate the heat and work. Homework Equations q = nCpΔT w = PΔVThe Attempt at a Solution I attempted to directly plug in the...

Homework Statement Some regions of interstellar space is made of lone hydrogen atoms with a density of 1 particle / cm3, at a temperature of around 3 K. Calculate the pressure due to these particles. Homework Equations P = nkbT, where P is the pressure, n is the number density and T is...

Homework Statement a) An ideal gas has a pressure of 1atm, volume of 0.5m^3m temperature of 300k. Find the number of moles. b) Three moles of an ideal gas is at a pressure of 1x10^2 Nm^-2 and a temperature of 263K. Calculate the volume. Homework Equations 1) PV = NRT 2) PV=NKbT...

I have no clue how to start this problem can someone help? Problem: An automobile tire that has V= 0.6 m3 is inflated to a gage pressure of 200 kPA. Calculate the mass of air in the tire if the temperature is 20 Degree Celsius. Suggestion from my teacher: Air is assumed to be an ideal...

Homework Statement The mean free path for an ideal collisional gas can be calculated as shown on thishttp://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Kinetic/menfre.html" . I understand the derivation, except for one thing. Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution The molecule is...

Any ideas appreciated!

Can I please check if I've converted these units right? I'm doing a question and got the answer a few order of magnitudes out. Question: Argon has a collision cross section of 0.36nm^2. At what pressure is the mean free path of argon atoms equal to the length of the side of a 1cm^3 cubic...

Hello. I'm having troubles solving the enthalpy for an ideal gas. From the equation H=U+PV, i could find H substituting PV=NRT = U/c, but then i need the energy as a function of S and P, so i'd get H as a function of its proper variables (S and P).. I can't find such an expression. It's just...

Homework Statement A cook puts 9.00g of water in a 2.00L pressure cooker and warms it to 500 degree celcius. What is the pressure inside the container.Homework Equations P_{total} = P_{1} + P_{2} +... (eqn1) PV = nRT (eqn2) \frac{P_{1}}{T_{1}} = \frac{P_{2}}{T_{1}} (eqn3) The Attempt at a...

Homework Statement An upright cylinder 1.00m tall and closed at it's lower end is fitted with a light piston that is free to slide up and down. Initially the piston is in the centre. Above the piston, the cylinder forms a cup-like cavity which water is poured into until it is full. Assuming...

I think I did understand this once but now I am confused. If we choose the center-of-mass frame for a diatomic molecule, it also obeys the force law F=-kr, where r=(x,y,z), so why isn't it a 3-d harmonic oscillator, like an atom in solid? I know it may have something to do with the fact that gas...

Homework Statement To measure how far below the ocean surface a bird dives to catch a fish, a scientist uses a method originated by Lord Kelvin. He dusts the interiors of plastic tubes with powdered sugar and then seals one end of each tube. He captures the bird at nighttime in its nest and...

Homework Statement 1. Consider ideal gas in a rigid cylinder of 2 litres, at pressure of 3 Bar. The gas is connected through a thin capillary to a free expanding bag, which contains ideal gas at pressure 1Bar and volume of 1 litre. A valve in the capillary initially prevents the gases to mix...

Homework Statement 10 moles of an ideal gas are compressed isothermally and reversibly from 1 to 10 atmospheres at 300K. Determine the work done ON the gas.Homework Equations dw=-PdV PV=nRT The Attempt at a Solution dT=0 T=300K dP=10atm calc dV from ideal gas law = 2.27e10 m^3 so now we...

Homework Statement what is the entropy of 1.0 litre of gasoues n2 at Ta=350 K and Pa=2.0 bar given that So = 191.61 J/(K gmol) at To = 298.15 K and Po = 1 bar? Homework Equations I think : S(at 350) - So = NC_p ln (Ta/To) - NR ln(Pa/po) The Attempt at a Solution My problem is, C_p...

Suppose 1.0 mol of a monatomic ideal gas initially at 10 L and 338 K is heated at constant volume to 676 K, allowed to expand isothermally to its initial pressure, and finally compressed at constant pressure to its original volume, pressure, and temperature. (a) What is the net energy entering...

I'm trying to fit this together. For monotomic molecules, the avg kinetic energy is 3/2 k_b T for diatomic, it is 5/2 k_b T PV = n_particles * k_b T Why is there no factor of 3/2 or 5/2 in the ideal gas law? How is it factored out?

I cam across a question that asks for the entropy of an ideal gas of N molecules in which the energy of each molecule can assume 2 and only 2 distinct values 0 and E. It gives occupation numbers to represent the energy levels respectively with a fixed total energy. Now I know S=kln(omega) =...

Homework Statement A monatomic ideal gas has pressure p_1 and temperature T_1. It is contained in a cylinder of volume V_1 with a movable piston, so that it can do work on the outside world. Consider the following three-step transformation of the gas: 1. The gas is heated at...

Homework Statement Air is heated from 300 to 350K at constant volume, Find 1Q2. Homework Equations 1Q2 = m(u2-u1)+1W2 u2-u1 = cv(t2-t1) The Attempt at a Solution The PV diagram of the process is straight up, so the area under the curve is 0, so the work done is zero. Cv is .717...

The expression for the work done by an ideal gas is: \int_{V_i}^{V_f} P dV But what if V_f \prec V_i ? If W \prec 0 does that mean 1) work is done on the gas or 2)on this case, W= - \int_{V_i}^{V_f} P dV so that W \succ 0 and W still means the work done by the gas? Note: The...

Homework Statement A compressed cylinder holds nitrogen gas at room temperature. How cold is the gas that is escaping from the cylinder? T(cylinder) = 298 K P(cylinder) = 1.034e7 Pa n = 1 Homework Equations PV = nRT The Attempt at a Solution So since I was not given either the volume of...