Information Definition and 999 Threads

Hello, some help please I currently have taught MSc offers from: Edinburgh: theoretical physics MSc Durham: Particles, Strings and Cosmology MSc And from Australia: University of Melbourne: Master of Science – Physics (2 years) I find it hard to make a decision. I don’t have any research...

It seems to me, at least when it comes to quantum mechanics, "information" has become the most basic unit. Like, quantum entanglement works to the point that information is extracted, and one can even revert certain things by making sure the information is destroyed. Same with the discussion...

Hello, Could anyone tell me what the situation in the UK is like for getting a PhD with a 2nd class degree?: -Do any decent universities even consider people with 2:2s? -Do very competetive universities (like Imperial, Cambridge, etc.) even consider people with 2:1s? -Does getting a 2:1 rather...

Homework Statement 2 KClO3 (s) + heat --> 2 KCl (s) + 3 O2 (g) If 0.20 g of KClO3 (s) decomposes in 2.8 s, at what rate is oxygen O2 (g) released over this time at SATP? Homework Equations n = PV/RT The Attempt at a Solution Converted KClO3 to mol. .20 x 1 / 122.5495g = 0.001632 mol...

During entanglement photons get into an indeterminate state. The outcome of the photon state, on measurement, would now be random. Does this mean that, some of the, information the striking photon was carrying prior to transferring its energy to two entangled photons irretrievably lost? Even...

I'm not sure if this is the right forum, but I saw an article today about how some people managed to stop light and using it to store information. After I read this i realized for as much as we hear about information being sent places, what is it? What actually is information?

What is the relationship between transmission of information and group velocity of a wave packet? I always keep hearing things like information always travels at the group velocity, it can't go faster than light etc. While I do understand (to an extent) about information not exceeding the...

Need help understanding this: http://www.physicsclassroom.com/Physics-Interactives/Newtons-Laws/Force/Force-Exercise-1 This comes with it: http://www.physicsclassroom.com/Physics-Interactives/Newtons-Laws/Force/Force-Interactive For my first trial I placed the values as instructed and got a...

I want to make an index over all things against FTL transmission of classical information. All theories, hypotheses, theorems, axioms and rules... you name it. I'm not looking for explanations or references, only the headlines such as Eberhard's theorem, Special Relativity, and Shanon's...

I have an AS degree in Computer Science. I'm in the process of transferring to a 4-year university to pursue a BS in Envionrmental Science. I've always been heavily interested in computers, including running my own web & email server, database administration, hardware, and networking. I have run...

HI, I am reading Shannon's paper on Theory of Communication and I having trouble with a concept. Shannon writes: The output of a finite state transducer driven by a finite state statistical source is a finite state statistical source, with entropy (per unit time) less than or equal to that of...

Good day everyone. I have some problems here. I need help.:confused: This code is my attempt to build a computer program.But, I just found out that I am confuse with my own code.You guys, can check it by your own and please try to fix it.;) Give mesuggestions. If thers's anything wrong then...

After watching these videos about Computational photography: and lensless image sensors: was wondering if it is at least theoretically possible to calculate the light of the surroundings of a white surface just from the light information on that surface. For instance taking a picture of a...

Hello, a question for all of you with its experiment. If I have a material that has a Bulk modulus higher, the diamond type (442 GPa) if I create a tube of diamond along 1 miles (or length less) with appropriate supports to decrease as much as possible the friction. At the same time I have a...

Hello. I was told that "in QM the information doesn't disappear". Does it mean that, in QM, the trajectory in the phase-space can't split? [The typical example is a vertical simple pendulum, with the mass above the spin-point; in classical mechanics you can't know if the pendulum will fall one...

Hello, I'm currently working as an actuary, but I am considering switching to a computer career of sorts. Let me preface first by saying that I do not intend to belittle or pigeonhole such a career by the way I speak about. For instance, it's kind of annoying when people talk of actuaries in...

Homework Statement The speed of a projectile when it reaches its maximum height is one-half its speed when it is at half its maximum height. What is the initial projection angle of the projectile? 2. The attempt at a solution First I tried to find the speed for the max height. vf2 - vi2 =...

We know that in an EPR pair the particles are maximally entangled. each of them has 2 degrees of freedom (one bit). Tracing out the system gives the density matrix of each particle. Their Von Neumann entropy is null so we may say that two bits are encoded in the correlation. If they are loosely...

I first came across this concept in a Scientific American magazine. At the time it was nigh impossible to find much more information on it. Even now I am having a hard time wrapping my head around it. So I have a few questions. From what I understand, it basically says: Every single bit of...

I have for you a simple proof that black holes do not destroy information, since wikipedia seems to be stating that it's an unsolved problem. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_unsolved_problems_in_physics 1. The second law of thermodynamics states that entropy must always increase. 2. If...

So I've been set a computational problem regarding applying the Shroedinger equation to quarkonium and I'm just trying to do some research around the subject because it's nothing like I've ever covered before and quite fascinating. There's quite a few questions that I can't find answers to...

Hello everybody, So I've been studying how the brain represents and encodes information. There is ample evidence/info showing that neurons adjust their firing rates and strengths of their synapses in order to encode information and form accessible neural pathways. However I am having trouble...

Just a quick question could a maser be used to send information from one point to another without detection ?

Hi, there are thousands of firms in the world. Some of them are predominant firms such as samsung, sony and apple. There are thousands of working people in these firms. I would like to understand that how these firms keep the information collected. When they learn a new information, do they...

Good day, I'm starting my master in physics, and it's time for me to choose my courses. I've decided that I probably want to pursue the direction of quantum information processing, and I'm trying to pick my courses with that in mind. For my first semester I'll be taking four courses: Quantum...

I am doing engineering . I want to know some information about companies that will help me to get job I visit companies website and I see what service they provide but we don't know what CAD tool they used to make electronic circuit. If we know something before interview. we can prepare...

Hi pf, please could someone explain in detail how binary information is physically transmitted. For example, consider an analogue to digital converter which is sampling a sine wave representing a voice. The sampling is using 8 bits. At a certain time let's say the sine wave is at its peak...

Hi everyone, Recently I read an introduction to quantum information and got interested to begin a research work on it. I am now reading Neilsen's Quantum Computation and Quantum Information. There are a lot of things but I don't know how I can find a suitable issue and start writing an article...

It is convenient to assign high randomness high information. Random patterns, however, supposedly present no meaning. So how can information be meaningless? What is "meaning" and is it relative to "the observer"?

Hello everybody. I'm Mike(Subchillin), I'm very new here and terrebly interested in ALL things Cryo. And I'd like to start by expressing gratitude to the creators of this amazing forum and all the active members, because simply knowing that there is an active online community of people who love...

Hey guys, I'm having trouble with this problem set I'm working on at the moment. I'd appreciate some help with this question: (I'm only asking about question one. Please ignore question two) I'm having trouble sketching this graph out. If f' and f'' are not defined at 2, does that mean that...

Hey guys! I am in community college, and this will be my first semester. But I am basically confused in making perfect choice for my major. And the reason is I am good at Math, but bad at Chemistry and Biology. Following are the courses required to obtain an Associate degree in respective...

In a communication channel there is the time-bandwidth product limiting the amount of information that can pass through the channel. The math for Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle is very much similar to the math for the time-bandwidth product. I wonder if this allows us to discover by analogy...

I have typed/handwritten a couple of practice problems similar to ones I've seen before. Could anyone tell me how to figure these? I don't even know where to begin on solving these. How do you begin to determine if you have enough information. Thanks in advance for any help!

I understand how using classical or bayesian statistical inference os often very helpful for solving information theory problems, or for improvements in data managing or manipulation of learning algorithms. But the other way around (using I.T knowledge to find a way in inference), I can't find...

Depending on who one asks and their interpretation of QM, entanglement seems to be either: a) No problem at all. It's just a matter of information. If you knew one entangled electron was spin up, then the other must have been spin down by inference of the prepared state of the system. b)...

Hi there, I'll try my best to be descriptive. I'm looking for as much information as possible on the limits on current technologies in producing copper circuitry. I had a nice conversation the other day with a member of my research group and he was telling me about the demand for the ability...

So as I understand it, Hawking theorized that due to the behaviour of virtual particles on the event horizon of a black hole, eventually the black hole would "evaporate" through what was coined the Hawking Radiation. But what I'm curious about is Hawking's interpretation of the event in that...

This is a question about The Computational Capacity of the Universe by Seth Lloyd. It seems to me that arbitrary real numbers cannot be part of the state of the universe, since they carry an infinite amount of information. There are transition probabilities from the current state of the...

Assuming it were possible to build a sturdy enough rod like structure, say equal the length it would take light to travel in two minutes. If you were to push one side of said rod and move it, would the far side of the rod move before light were able to travel the length of the rod? If so...

I've been wandering about the protocol or method by which computer monitors receive and interpret information it is sent. Can the information be send down a single wire in a series of pulses? Say for example, you had a monitor that could interpret the following string of code: 1111 1010 1010...

I just finished Leonard Susskind's video course on cosmology. A question never raised nor mentioned in the course was conservation of information. I mean information in the sense of Liouville's theorem/Unitary operators in QM/Event horizon paradoxes ... At one point Susskind said that the...

DNA Is a Structure That Encodes Biological Information. As you know recently DNA is used to encode digital information. (i.e. translate binary (0,1) to DNA(A,T,C,G)). This is very new knowledge. Is there any good reference or tutorial book that trains how to encode information to DNA and...

We Now From Information Theory That Entropy Of Functions Of A Random Variable X Is Less Than Or Equal To The Entropy Of X. Does It Break The Second Law Of Thermodynamic?

There is a lecture called fundamentals of electric and electronics and there is a new topic in that lecture I have to learn but I have little information on it. Topic is three phase systems or three phase power calculations or something like that. There are big letter such as R,S which...

Could someone provide me with simple answers to the following questions? I have tried to find the answers on the internet but most search results are beyond my comprehension. 1. What is the maximum number of qubits that a photon can carry? 2. If Alice packs a qubit in a photon and sends...

Here is my understanding, please correct me if I made any mistake Quantum physics theory suggests that information (the wave function, state, etc.) cannot be destroyed. All matters fall into a black hole will not be able to escape, which means all information of these particles stay inside...

Hello, I would like to know if there is any book or any useful links about star clusters, dealing with the following topics :[ formation, evolution, types (open, globular), etc...]. It is very difficult to find an organized document from google results, so if anyone is familiar with the...

Hello, I am currently attempting to improve my math skills, understanding of modern physics, and extend my knowledge of two "coding" languages. One thing that has been at the back of my mind, and has been quite bothersome lately is that I am taking in too much at once. While I haven't been...

Hawking radiation suggests that the anti-particles enter the black hole and annihilate with the normal matter in the black hole. Eventually the black hole will evaporate, which the information associates with those matter vanishes as well. This I believe is the information paradox. Here is...