Ion Definition and 406 Threads

Homework Statement The biochemistry that takes place inside cells depends on various elements, such as sodium, potassium, and calcium, that are dissolved in water as ions. These ions enter cells through narrow pores in the cell membrane known as ion channels. Each ion channel, which is formed...

I'm sending this message to anyone who has knowledge about neutron generator. is there anyone who knows how does penning ion source works. I mean how could ions exit the holes but electrons can't exit. I didn't find any explanation about it on the web

So I have learned that all batteries have an internal resistance which will limit the current that it can output, so that you can't discharge a huge battery in a split second because of that internal resistance. But what I am wondering is, at what point is it dangerous to draw too much current...

Ion Thrusters which are used for space vessels, such as sending sattelites into space, how much do they cost?

Hi. I am learning how neuron transmit current. I am wondering after firing sodium ions are rich and potassium ions are poor in neuron cell. How ion concentrations come back to the original states before firing? Thanks for your help in advance.

Homework Statement The concentration of Al3+ ion in aqueous solution of Al2(SO4)3 is 0.28M, Then the concentration of SO42- ion in this solution will be? Homework Equations Al2(SO4)3 → 2Al3+ + 3SO42- The Attempt at a Solution What should i compare to start of with?

Homework Statement The number of moles of valence electrons in 1 mole nitride ions are? Homework Equations Nitride ion- N3- The Attempt at a Solution The number of electrons are 8. Therefore number of moles should also be 8?

1.Homework Statement BACKGROUND: A positive helium ion He+ (mass 6.7 x 10-27 kg, charge 2e) is released from rest from the surface of a +1000 V electrode, as shown in the diagram below. It crosses (in vacuum) the gap between the electrodes, passes through a small hole in a 0 V electrode...

I am trying to locate an ion counter/meter so I can run some tests on ionic air filtering units and get a sense of the ionic charge coming out. I am not directly affiliated with a university or scientific organization, but want to do this to satisfy curiosity and think the outcome would be very...

Hello. I am wondering what the job field is like for nuclear engineers that aspire to work in plasma research and implementation or things like ion propulsion, etc. I do not want to work in a plant. Thank you.

Acceleration with Fe2+ ion and Fe3+ ion help! A sample of two different iron ions, Fe^2+ and Fe^3+, are accelerated by the same potential and sent through the uniform magnetic field of a mass spectrometer. a)Which ions moves faster after being accelerated. Justify with relevant equations...

I'm working Ksp problems comparing pure water solutions w/ those with an ion already present in solution. Example: AgCl and NaCl both in solution. The pure water Ksp for AgCl is given as 1.77x10^-10. The question is what the Ksp would be with .01M of Cl- already present. After working the...

Will more negative ions emit from an object (like a "negative ion generator") due to heat or piezoelectric effect or will they emit any way? Also, do certain objects give off more negative ions than others?

Homework Statement A mass spectrometer has a potential difference of 120 V applied to its accelerator plates. It is accelerating a positively charged ion that has a mass of 2.32 x 10^-26 kg. the ion then is directed into a uniform magnetic field of 0.17 T. The magnetic field is perpendicular...

A 1 Gev/nucleon ion beam strikes typical matter ... In this thread: https://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?t=622502 the key to figuring out what will happen would seem well modeled by any study or analysis of a 1 Gev/nucleon ion beam striking matter (e.g. a baseball). The density...

So the question asks - What is molar solubility of AgCl in 0.1M HCl? Ksp = [Ag+][Cl-] ----> Ksp = 1.8x10-10 After setting up the problem we get... Ksp = (x)(0.1 + x) 1.8x10-10 = (x)(0.1) 1.8x10-9 = (x) So the resulting answer is a Molar Solubility of 1.8x10-9, which to me is less...

Is it that protons tend to join other H2O molecules rather than forming H402+?

Thanks, just curious ever since I watched Prometheus.

Hi, I was reviewing the polyatomic ions, and on the third row of the periodic table they seemed to follow a pattern going from left to right on the periodic table. For example: Silicate = SiO44-; phosphate = PO43-; sulfate = SO42- For row 3 on the periodic table, it looks like each...

Homework Statement The problem is given like this "A student unsuccessfully tried to balance the following equation: Cr2O72-+Fe3++H+→Cr 3+ +Fe 2+ + H2O Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution First tried to find the oxidation no. -8...

What is the energy of the n = 1 energy level in the B4+ hydrogen-like ion? I need it to 4 significant figures... I know the equation is En=Z squared X -13.60 /n squared... however I can't work out the answer to four significant figs

In heavy ion therapy ,how do you determined the exact location of the tumor? 1.How position of any object can be determined by a nuclear detector. 2.Instrumentation involved in a heavy ion accelerator for cancer therapy.

H3+ The original mothercloud was mostly H2 and He. It didn't have molecular species containing C, N, and O that are good at radiating away heat they pick up by jostling each other when the cloud contracts. So it was hard for the early clouds to contract by their own gravity, because they...

I've been working on this one for a few days, and I just can't seem to get the right answer. Consider the reaction I2(s) --> I- (aq) + IO3- (aq) Balanced= 3I2 + 6OH- --> 5I- + IO3- + 3H2O deltaG°= -153.8 kJ/mol The question: What pH is required for the reaction to be at equilibrium...

I'm teaching periodic trends in a Gen. Chem. course, and it's commonly mentioned that the radius of an Li+ ion (90 pm) is smaller than that of the neutral Li atom (~160 pm), with the dominant reason being that the valence 2s1 electron was removed. The same trend shows up for the other alkali...

In the diagram attached, the 3 resonance structures of arenium ion bonded to H electrophile are shown.I labelled the carbon atoms in one of the structures for convenience. From the diagram, the A and B carbons, and D and E carbons, have a double bond between them for two of the resonance...

Hello! I was drawing the lewis structure for NO3- and was wondering why O=N-O-O- isn't a 'valid' predicted structure (Double-bonded O to nitrogen, a single-bonded oxygen to nitrogen, a lone pair on nitrogen, and a single-bonded oxygen to oxygen with a negative charge on the terminal oxygen...

If some atom loses or gains an electron, is its effective nuclear charge changed? I would think that it would change, considering that having lost an electron the shielding effect weakens, making the zeff larger, but people are saying there is no effect? Is there some explanation? THanks! BiP

http://www.ebay.com.hk/itm/370583387771?ssPageName=STRK:MEWNX:IT&_trksid=p3984.m1497.l2649 I have tested it using a 1.3v battery, Once I have switch "ON" this tester, Let the positive end of battery touch on the square metal of the front panel and let the rear square metal of this tester...

Please check my answers. I tend to over-think and get simple questions wrong. A hypothetical cell membrane is positively charged on the intracellular side and negatively charged on the extracellular side. In this cell, the concentration of ion X+ in the intracellular space is high and in the...

What do you guys think of the Ion Proton 1 developed by a chemical engineer named Jonathan Rothberg? It can supposedly sequence most of a human genome for around $1000 compared to the past where had it costed millions. I don't recall quite clearly, but I think researchers at IBM are...

Hello, I'm attempting to work out the number of ion pairs produced by a 5MeV alpha particle in UF6 (in each of the solid, liquid, and gas states). Using the technique from my old radiation physics book (Turner 3rd ed) I should simply apply the Bethe formula -\frac{dE}{dx}=\frac{4\pi...

I'm simulating an ion beam with different charge states passing through two pinholes. I'm using random angles, from an external function, to evaluate the velocity components along the axes and solving the differential equation: O=[0 0 0]'; f = @(t,ys) [ys(4:6); O]...

Ion naming confusion with the "bi" prefix I am little confused on when you use the "bi" prefix to denote the existence of a proton in front of an oxyanion. For example, I know that [HCO_{3}]^{-} is called bicarbonate as well as hydrogen carbonate. A problem arises when I try to define...

Consider the metal-ligand complex of the tetrahydroxoaluminate ion. [Al(OH)_{4}]^- In this ion, the aluminium is bonded with four hydroxides where each hydroxide is a ligand. My question: Is the aluminium-hydroxide bond ionic or covalent? I can think of the ionic one working in...

I'm writing a script to simulate the transport of ion beam in a Thomson Spectrometer. My concern is that the program doesn't allow the passage of higher charge states through out the pinholes that I use to collimate the beam. I mean if I want to simulate a 3 charge states beam of C ions I will...

I was told that when a base is dissolved in water, the ions form ion pairs so it is difficult to separate them completely; is this true? And if so, why wouldn't this apply to acids?

I have recently learned how to balance chemical equations using the ion electron method. However, I have some doubts.. Suppose the reaction takes place in an acidic medium; now how can we say that we are allowed to add an H+ or H2O molecule? I mean, where will these elements come from when...

Hello all, i doubt this but is there anyway now or in the future to increase ion wind to where it acts like and has the same strength as regular wind?

I'm analyzing data taken from 500 MeV/nucleon Iron beam and 290 MeV/nucleon Carbon beam. When looking at the fragmentation that has occured, the fragmentation for the Carbon beam seems almost always be alpha particles (I though I would see some Beryllium as well). Does this mean that the Carbon...

I have the relevant equation, I just need to know the charges (in coloumbs) of the two ions so I can plug them into it. I thought that it would just be the equivalent charge of the one spare proton/electron, but that did not work so I guess it was a faulty assumption. I have not been able to...

I'm reading about ion chromatography at the moment and read that one method is to use an ion-pair reagent which pairs with the ionic analyte, forming a neutral compound which can then partition into the non polar stationary phase. If an anionic analyte pairs with a cationic ion-pair reagent to...

I am surprised by the result when I estimate the specific heat of the plasma produced by heavy ion collisions in the LHC: C(plasma) ~= 2e5 J/(g-K) (Details below.) This is ~1e6 times greater than C(lead)=0.13 J/(g-K) (1). Did I make a mistake? If not, can the physics experts who read this...

Hi my friends I wanted to build a ion thruster for some research projects. I searched in net and find out that there are a lot of papers relating to design and increasing performance of ion thrusters, but i couldn't find a build paper or site! Please if any of you knew about build requirement...

Hello! As far as I know, the Eyring equation is used to calculate the speed of a reaction: k=\frac{{k}_{b}}{h} {e}^{\frac{-\Delta G}{RT}} In my course the teacher used this formula to calculate the flux of a species of ions across a barrier of potential, but I didn't understand very...

Ok well hello there everyone yes, i am still a novice at this but i was wondering this would it be possible. If i had a metal ball and i charged the center of it positively and then have an external electrode on the bottom charged negatively creating negative ions that cover the bottom half of...

Umm hello there I'm still a novice at this whole thing but i was wondering, would it be possible to have an area of air with a a small ball object within the center of that area and in this area an electrical charge is presented to create both positive and negative ions in it so that they will...

Homework Statement I am doing a lab called "Complexometric Determination of Cobalt" and am asked "Explain why an anion resin can be used to separate a mixture of cations such as Co(II) and Ni(II)" I have no idea. My textbook says that cation exchange resins are used to separate...

Homework Statement What does the non-negativity of the Coulomb Integral for H2+ suggest about the relative strengths of the attractive electron-proton force and the repulsive proton-proton forces? Homework Equations N/A The Attempt at a Solution I want to say that it means the...

Using the Ion Electron Method (acidic conditions) I need to solve: MnO4- + C2O42- -> Mn2+ + CO2 So I tried doing: MnO4- -> Mn2+ And: C2O42- -> CO2 + 2H2O Then I balanced the oxygen atoms with H2O MnO4- -> Mn2+ + 4H2O And: C2O42- -> CO2 + 2H2O Then I added the...