Language Definition and 613 Threads

I am currently reading Rautenberg's book on mathematical logic, in it he defines a propositional language ##\mathcal{F}##, set theoretically, as the smallest (i.e. the intersection) of all sets of strings ##S## built from propositional variables (##\ p_1,p_2,\ldots##) as well as any binary...

Hi, I recently got photoshop and was wondering how one would go about adding your own shaders/plugins. I am familiar with basic image algorithms and techniques:supereagle, 2xsai, supersampling, rasterization ect and can code in C++ which I heard was the main language for these things. Should I...

Hello, I'm not sure if this is the right place for this thread, but I think it is (This forum is for computational physics as well) So, my question is quite "soft". What is (in your opinion, obviously) the best programming language for physics? Also, what programming language is most used...

Here is the question in attachment , I make it as the site don't support LaTeX I think! https://www.physicsforums.com/attachment.php?attachmentid=63439&stc=1&d=1383093152

I have just finished an intro course on Python. As most others, I have the goals of learning Java, C and C++. In what sequence should I learn them? I am inclined on learning Java first as it is a prereq for some courses that I am eager to take. Yet, is it what you would recommend? Note: I...

Think a bit about this, before you answer... Here are some of my musings on the subject: Language, or almost any other means of communication, is a means of mapping our internal experience externally. Our internal experience (which includes, but is not limited to, our sensory data, our...

I just started at my four year university, after doing my AA at a community college simply to save some money and get my gen ed requirements out of the way as much as I could. However, the university I started at has a language requirement in order to graduate. I only have to take 2 semesters...

In which language do by birth deaf &blind people think?

I have seen many articles stating that some 'xyz' software was written in c++ or java or python. Does it matter what language it is written in? Ultimately the software is in machine language right? Why should the language matter?

Hello, I was diagnosed with language disorder(learning disability) since I was a kindergarten. I am having a lot of trouble with reading and writing, and also have poor communication skills when it comes to meet people in general. It also affects my schoolwork no matter what subject I'm...

i am making a comment system using dreamweaver and mysql , and the data i wrote it in the text area didnt not save in the mysql _db , below the index page contain the general fourm to let the user write comment and post_comment.php to send the data can you help me why the data didnt send...

I know that as a physics major, we are required to have an "intermediate level" fulfillment of a foreign language for our BA. However, since I am hoping to double major (physics/astrophysics or physics/engineering), the less extra courses I can take, the better. As such, I'm studying up on my...

I'm a mathematical physicist expecting to finish his Ph.D. this summer. I'm not having any luck with academic positions, so I'm getting ready to try industry. Note that I am not at all sure what kind of position I want. Finance? Sure. Consulting? Yeah, why not? R&D somewhere? Yup. BUT...my...

Hello everyone. I'm now currently studying Aeronautical Engineering(Though it's, I think, said to be equal to aerospace engineering). Since the summer is coming and I'll have like free 4 months, I've decided to learn another language(s) besides English and Fortran(Both the language we speak and...

After some research it seems that C would be the best choice. But I also hear that it is better to learn C++ first, then transition to C. I am at the beginning of my college career so am not sure where I want to end up in EE, although I have started a list of projects that I can do in the...

I'm going to school for chemical engineering with an emphasis in biotechnology, in the hopes of working for a corporation out of school, but eventually founding my own business. As I looked at the curriculum for chem engineering however, I realized I'll have a LOT of free time if I only do the...

I have been given a question by my tutor to try out for our next class Using the axioms for addition of numbers give a natural language proof that the additive inverse of a number is unique, that is prove: ∀x∀y∀z (x + y = 0) ^ (x + z = 0) → (y = z) I am new at writing proofs! My...

Hello to every one, I am looking through the threads for some information on which programming language to pick on but I can't find an answer that covers me. So I was hoping you could help me out. So I am a Civil Engineer doing a research degree. My work involves many numerical...

Hello there. I wanted to throw this out there and ask what you think. I believe that math is a human creation and imperfect and thus cannot be relied on to explain the universe. However the fundamental tool used by theoretical physicists in trying to explain the universe is the human...

I'm confused about whether MySQL is an actual language you program in or whether it is just an environment or IDE. Or is PHP what you write in Mysql or can you write any language in MySQL. Can someone explain this to me? please let me know if I haven't explained my question clearly enough.

Good language "quiz" software I have -unsuccesfully for some reason- been trying to find a "quiz" type program for learning languages. The reason is that I have a 12 year old at home who struggles a bit when it comes to learning new words on his own. All I (well he) need is a program which...

Homework Statement If EAX contains 00000200H, EBX contains 00000003H, and the data segment contains 1000H, what is the effective address generated by this instruction? MOV ECX,[ESI][EDI] The Attempt at a Solution I know that an effective address is created by adding the data segment...

So I have been using a combination of Linux shell and Fortran to process big output files from my simulations. But I realized that it would save me a lot of time and effort if I can learn a text processing language. I got different recommendations and it seems that AWK and perl are on the...

I'm trying to learn C++ at the minute and I've managed to get over the basics, I/O, Conditionals, Repetition up to and a bit of pointers. Now what I'm wondering is should I get a textbook that is solely on C++, eg. Barjne Soustroups one, and learn specifically C++. Or learn by doing...

Unlike some of my friends my knowledge of computing is very limited. I want to become a physicist, but I think it would be beneficial for me to learn how to code. However, after some research I am not sure what coding language to learn. What is the most useful / practical code that physicists...

1. In what direction does a compiler read a program? Left to right, top to bottom? 2. What does it mean when a function is called by another. Like when main() is called by the operating system, what is going on within the computer? Does the OS send a code in binary or what? 3. When the...

Homework Statement trying to write a program for school. the program is supposed to do the following: Write a program that takes an input value (for example, a number 5). The output should be sum of all numbers from 1 to the value input by the user (in this example, the output would be...

"...he who has mazed his imagination, in following the phantoms which other writers raise up before him, may here be cured of his delirious extasies, by reading human sentiments in human language" Heres the context. "This therefore is the praise of Shakespeare, that his drama is the mirrour...

I will be going into university this summer, and I intend to learn to code during the summer as it is important to physicist. I have virtually no programming experience. Which language is at the right level and can run complex physical simulations? thanks

Author: Bjarne Stroustrup Title: The C++ Programming Language Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/dp/0201700735/?tag=pfamazon01-20 Prerequisities: Contents:

I am going to use Fortran and Python as examples of a compiled and a scripting language in this question. If I write a Fortran program and compile it, it is going to process data more quickly than a python script that does the same thing. However, what if I write a Fortran program that...

I want to start with assembly language programming after some years with C, cause I think it's a good way to learn how a computer actually works. But how I can compile assembly code under Mac OS X? I went to a library, and I had found out that many books are outdated, and no book covers...

Fortran has been around since the 1950s and obviously there is a large amount of Fortran code lying around. However, I'm curious if C or another programming language will someday supplant Fortran. Perhaps scientists will gravitate towards high-level math packages like Matlab and Maple, and...

I keep hearing that quarks exist IN protons, one webpage even had it a proton is like a bag with quarks exist and annihilating in it. surely this is wrong. quarks don't exist in protons but rather 3 quarks made up protons or are protons. How does a proton keep the same quantum numbers if all its...

Nevermind, it's Wittgenstein.

I've thoroughly enjoyed reading posts on this site. I have a query which is pretty much as the title suggests: Are we lacking and do we need a non classical language/meaning base vehicle to better understand the non classical 'world' (universe), theoretical mathematical implications etc? And if...

Hi Everyone, Trying to write some assembly code by just first working out some pseudo to get a basis down for a program which transfers N bytes from m amount different sources, whose sizes are N bytes to m amount different destinations. So far, I've been trying to simplify what it wants...

We all know Gauss (German) but few know Sophie Germain (French). She made some contributions to Fermat's Last Theorem. She corresponded with Gauss keeping her gender secret for a while though the two never met. Does anyone know what language they communicated in? Probably French.

Hello, What programming languages are used in the majority of satellites? I was thinking it would be C,C++, and Ada because these languages are close to the processor. I'm sure ASM is also used too. Am I correct? I don't think any satellite uses Java but I could be wrong.

What Langauge do I need?? Hi All, I'm an experimental physicist working on nanomaterials for solar cells. I am looking at silver nanowires for transparent conductive electrodes. I'm looking to simulate a random resistor network utilising some data on resistivities I will be measuring...

I was speaking with a professional linguist the other day (PhD Harvard, which apparently isn't big in the linguistics community), and asked if there are such things as 'grammatical universals'. The Hard-Chomskian answer is, yes, our brains are fundamentally programmed to utilize a certain...

I'm trying to learn Russian and finding one of the hardest parts is developing an "ear" for the language (it's mostly just one continuous stream of "Sh" and "rrrr" and the average Russian seems to speak at Mach 3 :smile:). I've found listening to podcasts (old BBC ones) in the car on the way...

Evening all, Today I went to a guest lecture at my university. In it, the good professor was talking about a programming language or environment having to do with labs, that "would make anyone looking at your grad school resume look twice". The name sounds like GEOT 4 (gee-aught 4), but I'm...

Homework Statement I need to prove this http://www.freeimagehosting.net/newuploads/66exd.jpg R represents the reversal of...L1 and L2 represent languages, which can represent strings. (L1L2) = the concatenation of L1 and L2 Ex. L1 = 01001 L2 = 001 L1L2 = 01001001 (L1L2)^R...

Hi guys, I REALLY need help on this. I need to find out what languages Windows 7 is programmed in, I know it's a combination of C, C++, C#, Fortan and Assembly. I can't seem to find this info on a "reputable site". I need to reference this, and I can't use wikipedia, Yahoo Answers etc...

So I'm working on a personal project, and I have most of the details worked out, but I'm having difficulty expressing an idea in precise terms. Premise: We start with a set which has only itself as an element, which results in the following infinite regress: {{{...}}} Now what I...

Hello everyone, I would like to ask how exactly Parsing is done in a particular language? Let's say Octave for an example. And if there is parsing error from where it is called? Thank you in advance. Regards, Vivek

Is it possible that a set of instructions is impossible to be written in computer language because the language's syntax is not very good? So in that case what people do? - create another language which has better syntax?

What is wrong with my code? #include <stdio.h>int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int i=0; FILE *fp; char fname[100]; sprintf(fname,"%04X.txt",i); fp=fopen("fname", "w"); fprintf(fp, "hello world!\n"); fclose(fp); }

What is a good programming language to learn for novice mathematicians, especially those who might want to eventually do mathematical modeling of problems? Also, do most mathematicians actually learn a programming language, or do they usually rely on programs like Matlab?