Measuring Definition and 1000 Threads

Measurement is the quantification of attributes of an object or event, which can be used to compare with other objects or events. The scope and application of measurement are dependent on the context and discipline. In natural sciences and engineering, measurements do not apply to nominal properties of objects or events, which is consistent with the guidelines of the International vocabulary of metrology published by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures. However, in other fields such as statistics as well as the social and behavioural sciences, measurements can have multiple levels, which would include nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio scales.Measurement is a cornerstone of trade, science, technology and quantitative research in many disciplines. Historically, many measurement systems existed for the varied fields of human existence to facilitate comparisons in these fields. Often these were achieved by local agreements between trading partners or collaborators. Since the 18th century, developments progressed towards unifying, widely accepted standards that resulted in the modern International System of Units (SI). This system reduces all physical measurements to a mathematical combination of seven base units. The science of measurement is pursued in the field of metrology.

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  1. N

    Measuring the electrical conductivity of the atmosphere

    I am trying to devise a way to test the electrical conductivity/resistivity of the atmosphere through rising altitudes. The platform for the experiment is a NASA weather balloon with the allowance of a 1 kg payload. I have started by creating a sort of leaky capacitor design which involves the...
  2. B

    Measuring efficiency of bioluminescent bacteria

    Hi, I want to run an experiment to try and experimentally determine the efficiency (as in what percent of energy is converted to light) of bioluminescent bacteria (V. Fischeri), and compare it to the efficiency of a "traditional" light source, like an LED or an incandescent. I know how I...
  3. ash64449

    Why measuring one-way trip impossible?

    well,i have heard this in many threads. That we can only measure the speed of light by noting down when light completes its full round trip. Now why cannot we measure speed of light by considering the half-way trip?
  4. P

    Measuring pressure of water tank

    Dear All My water tank fixed on roof top 5M from the ground Height of tank 1m width of tank .75m ( Cylinder type water tank ) if water out from the tank by .5 inch hose how can I measure the pressure at 1m height from the ground Please advice Thanks in advance
  5. R

    Measuring Voltage with an Oscilloscope: Channel A RMS Voltage

    1. An oscilloscope is used to measure the voltage across two components using Channel A and Channel B. Deduce the RMS voltage of the signal measured by Channel A I just want to know what they mean by "deduce the RMS voltage" Do i need to calculate the Vrms?
  6. P

    Is there a way of measuring reflectance vs absorbance

    I am looking at EMI Shielding effectiveness testing and I would like to measure how a material is shielding Electromagnetic waves, qualitatively. Is there a way to measure how a material is shielding qualitatively and quantitatively (in dB)?
  7. L

    Measuring the reflectance of a surface?

    Guys, was hoping to get some feedback on a measurement of reflectance I was hoping to conduct. Generally in published work I see that reflectance is plotted vs. wavelength, and most of these measurements are done with equipment such as integrating spheres etc for diffuse reflection etc. I...
  8. L

    Measuring punching G-Force on a Pendulum

    I am building a machine for my martial arts club so that I can have a bit of fun and measure the speed and reaction times of my club mates. The design that I feel would yield the most reliable and accurate results would be to mount an upside down 'pendulum' on a frame. At the head of the...
  9. C

    Measuring effective (renormalized) coupling constants

    How is the effective (or renormalized) coupling constant at a given momentum scale scale measured? If one wants a definition which makes it easy to measure I would think it would be natural to use the LSZ formula which connects the measurable Feynman amplitude with the amputated greens...
  10. F

    Measuring the physical quantity corresponding to an operator.

    Homework Statement Homework Equations N/A The Attempt at a Solution I am having trouble getting my head around these questions, the first part a) wasn't too tricky, I used the fact that eigenfunctions of a Hermitian operator \hat{O} are orthogonal and got my normalisation...
  11. adjacent

    Measuring Mass on Earth and the Moon: How Does a Beam Balance Recognize Weight?

    If a person has actually 1 kg(for example)(on earth)how will a beam balance recognize it?What if the person was on the moon, will the beam balance show 1kg there too?if so How? And how can one find gravitational acceleration if he does not know mass of an object(he knows Force)
  12. R

    Could a voltage signal system also work by measuring current?

    The circuit above uses a voltmeter to measure the voltage allotted to it through a potentiometer and the varying voltage acts as a signal. Could this signal system also work by measuring the current allotted to a load based off the position of the potentiometer (i.e. higher voltage = higher...
  13. L

    Measuring liquid density using upthrust

    Hi, I brew beer and part of the process is measuring the specific gravity of the fermenting liquid. This is done visually using a hydrometer. Digital hydrometers are available and very expensive. I'm trying to come up with a way to measure the liquid specific gravity electronically. Typical...
  14. P

    Continuity and measuring resistance.

    This question is for a project I'm doing for my circuits class. I'm trying to diagnose a problem. Basically I got this coil. I measured the resistance of the coil by connecting the ends of my multimeter to the uncoated ends of the coil. I got a resistance value. However, when I tried checking...
  15. J

    Oscilloscope, bread board set up, measuring phase / gain etc.

    Homework Statement Hi, I've been having trouble setting up an oscilloscope, with a AC voltage supply, to a breadbox, with a "black box" in the circuit. the black box is just a set of 3 pairs of terminals, each a "unknown component" such as a diode, capacitor, resistor, etc. Basically I need...
  16. B

    Measuring propagation delay of 4000 logic family chips

    Is there a simple way I can measure the propagation delay of my logic gates? For instance, is there a circuit I can build (using logic gates) to measure the propagation delay? What if I tried building a circuit whose output constantly oscillates? This would certainly prove that the...
  17. T

    LED - Measuring light intensity

    what type of circuit would you draw for this? and how would you actually measure the light intensity of an LED. say you had multiple LEDs and you wanted to compare the light intensity of all of them. how would you do this with with circuit?
  18. R

    Measuring earth magnetic field strength

    I'm somewhere at a suburb near Sydney and I have problems designing an experiment to measure the strength of the Earth magnetic field so that means now I'm close to geographic south and I'm close to magnetic north right? how do I measure the angles between the GS and Mn and what do I have to...
  19. J

    Measuring mass flow rate into engine

    I have a motorcycle engine on a test stand and I need a way to measure the mass flow rate into the engine. It is currently carburated. I had two ideas off the top of my head. 1) build a venturi, and measure the pressure drop to figure out the velocity and therefore the mass flow rate...
  20. P

    Radial accelerometer measuring vertical vibration

    I am working with existing accelerometers attached to the shell of a simply supported cylinder. Accelerometers are oriented radially at +/- 45 degrees from horizontal. There is a forced vibration on the cylinder in the vertical and horizontal directions and the cylinder is also exposed to...
  21. A

    What is the state vector after measuring

    What is the state vector of the system after measuring a degenerate eigenvalue? Surely there are infinitely many vectors of norm 1 that it could be since the degenerate eigenvector span a 2d subspace. Say that we e.g. have a system where the operators eigenvalues are degenerate such that...
  22. M

    Measuring distances with diffraction experiment

    Homework Statement The individual threads in a cloth are very close together. Design an experiment to investigate how the rate at which water passes through the material depends on the separation of the individual threads in the material. Available equipment...
  23. Spinnor

    Medical What is My Power Output and How Does It Compare to Others My Age?

    The weather got warm enough for me to go for a bike ride on Saturday on a favorite route. As summer and early fall are long behind me I am not in as good of shape as back then. Riding my bike up a particularly steep hill and trying not to push stupid hard I was a bit depressed at the state of my...
  24. C

    [Statistics] measuring values against known value

    Homework Statement You use a standard gram weight of known weight (x) to check the accuracy of a balance. For one balance, this standard is weighed 3 times yielding the following values; a, b, and c. Calculate the 95% confidence limit for the mean Homework Equations general statistics...
  25. Mordred

    New blackhole mass measuring method

    Thought this article may spark some interest if it works out we may gain a better understand of BH's. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/01/130130132324.htm
  26. S

    Measuring a qubit in a different basis

    Hi, I'm a student of computer science and am writing a simulator for Measurement-based quantum computing or one-way quantum computing (it's based on the paper "The Measurement Calculus" by Elham Kashefi et al.). Anyway, I'm still a bit confused when it comes to the calculations. If we write...
  27. I

    How do I measure flexural vibrations on a rectangular plate supported by rods?

    Hi, I'm reproducing a measurement of vibrations and I would like your help with a certain question I have. I have a rectangular plate supported by two rods and I want to measure it's fundamental flexural vibration frecuency, among other things. As a base I have a report of such a measurement...
  28. alemsalem

    Measuring the distance to stars using parallax

    how can you use the angle to determine the distance if you don't know the motion of the star itself. is it by observing the star from the same point in two different years and then subtracting off this effect?
  29. D

    Measuring the permeability of metallic objects

    Hello everyone. I'm working on a project where I have to do a finite element simulation of low frequency magnetic coupling. But my problem is that I don't know the permeability of all the objects involved. Can anyone suggest a good way to measure the permeability of these objects ? The objects...
  30. C

    Measuring the polariztion of a pair of entangled photons

    Hi, I'm quite new to quantum mechanics, learning about it in my free time in a life-long learning fashion :) I've been trying to find a solution to a problem for some time, and the results I included below appear to be OK, but I have doubts about the method I used, so any help or guidance...
  31. C

    Probability of Measuring Spin-1 Particle in State |1,-1> at Time t?

    Homework Statement A spin-1 particle is placed in a constatn external B field with B_0 in the x direction. the intial spin of the particle is spin up in the z direction. Take the spin Hamiltonian to be H=\omega_0 S_x determine the probability that the particle is in the state |1,-1>...
  32. L

    Finding the Mass of a 1m Measuring Stick Balancing a 2kg Rock

    "A 2kg rock is suspended by a massless string from one end of a 1m measuring stick." 1. "A 2kg rock is suspended by a massless string from one end of a 1m measuring stick. What is the mass of the measuring stick if it is balanced as shown below." ______________ |___|___|___|___| M...^ ...^^...
  33. T

    Measuring jitter of pulse generator

    I have pulse generator that produces negative Gaussian pulses with fwhm~0.3ns. It is driven by the falling edge of a regular square wave from a function generator. I want to make some kind of measurement on an oscilloscope of the jitter of the pulse by comparing the output from the function...
  34. B

    Best attempts at measuring photon mass?

    What are the most recent or most accurate attempts at measuring photon mass? Additionally, what are the upper limits, uncertainty or error associated with those measurements?
  35. shounakbhatta

    How Do We Measure Star Formation?

    Hello, The general description that we give for forming a star i.e. through supernova explosion or through some stellar disturbances...etc.etc. How do we know? I mean to say is there any way for knowing, visualizing, or calculating the way how a star is formed, how it dies? Is there any...
  36. L

    Measuring the Speed of Light (Foucault Method)

    Abstract In this experiment, a beam of light from a laser was reflected off of a rotating mirror to a fixed mirror, and then reflected back to the rotating mirror. The returning light was focused to a point image in a microscope. Due to the continued rotation of the mirror while the light...
  37. V

    Determining an equation for measuring frequency distribution of extended system

    Homework Statement I have an extended system consisting of a track, a spring, a spring attached to a moving cart on one end, a string attached to the other end of the cart, and a hanging object attached to the end of the string. I need to find one equation that allows me to measure the total...
  38. T

    History of Measuring g with a Pendulum

    Hi, I have to write a report on measuring g using a simple pendulum and I wanted to get a bit of the background. I understand that a pendulum was the best way to measure g up until about a century ago but did we use anything before that? Also what kind of methods have taken over? I've tried...
  39. Z

    Measuring magnetic field in a solenoid

    I have to measure the magnetic field created by a solenoid. My attempt would be using a commercial Axial Hall Probe, or a Hall Sensor with some electronics. It has got an active (sensing) area with a diameter <1 mm. My coil is 12 mm long and has an inner diameter of 9 mm-s. My problem is that...
  40. F

    How can I measure the speed of a boat through water using alternative methods?

    Hi, I'm an amateur rower exploring the ways of measuring the speed of the boat through the water. I am attempting to design and make my own speedometer system using probably Arduino, I know that GPS and impeller are the two main ways of measuring velocity, however I am curious to explore other...
  41. F

    Using a shunt resistor for measuring current

    I was using a signal generator to perform some tests. The circuit was simply the generator in series with a 1 ohm shunt resistor. Even though I was working with high frequencies (1 to 20 MHz), shouldn't the voltage drop across the resistor be the generator amplitude itself? I was using the...
  42. D

    Measuring current in accelerator

    Hi I could not figure out what is the reason of measuring current in accelerator and it shows which features of the beam? any help would be appreciated.
  43. M

    Measuring voltages with Ammeters and Voltmeters

    Hi everyone, have done an experiment on electricity. We had an AC function generator, set on a PP voltage of 3V. We measured the output voltage both with an Analogue Multimeter and with a Voltmeter at two different frequencies. Everything went right with the voltmeter, and for a frequency of...
  44. R

    Measuring the Distance Between First & Last Particles of the Big Bang

    Can we measure the distance between the first particle to enter the Bang event field and the last particle to enter? What would this distance indicate?
  45. L

    Measuring Productivity: 2 Main Multifactor Measures

    I found on the internet that there are 2 main multifactor productivity measures: 1) total output / (labour + capital + intermediate inputs) 2) value added / (labour + capital) , where value added = total output - intermediate inputsThis two measures make sense but my teacher said that...
  46. S

    Throwing a frisbee and measuring change in mechanical energy

    A 75g Frisbee I thrown from a point 1.1 m above the ground with a speed 12 m/s when it has reached a height $.1 m its speed is 10.5 m/s What is the reduction in Emec of the frisbee-earth system because of air drag? At first I thought Since ΔEmec= Δk+Δu the change is -0.61 J Then I...
  47. S

    Designing ECG Measurement & Calculations

    Hi guys:I have a project to design ECG i want to calculate the six leads(I,II,III,aVR,aVL and aVF) by this method: i will measure the voltage of three probe or electrode(RA,LA and LL) RL as a reference by using DAC(digital to analog converter) the DAC connected to PC computer, and...
  48. K

    Floating objects and measuring their weight

    So I came across a question on the internet and its confused me a lot. We have 200g of water inside a cup. We neglect the mass of the cup completely and assume no water is lost. We also assume that the gravitational field is uniform within our experiment room. So we place the cup on some...
  49. H

    Measuring voltage and current of rough DC

    Hey, I am working on a science fair project and I have an electrolytic cell that will produce hydrogen. My goal is to measure the energy input and output to calculate the efficiency of the cell. Right now I am trying to find the best way to calculate the input energy. I am in the process of...
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