Mixture Definition and 294 Threads

In chemistry, a mixture is a material made up of two or more different substances which are not chemically combined. A mixture is the physical combination of two or more substances in which the identities are retained and are mixed in the form of solutions, suspensions and colloids.Mixtures are one product of mechanically blending or mixing chemical substances such as elements and compounds, without chemical bonding or other chemical change, so that each ingredient substance retains its own chemical properties and makeup. Despite the fact that there are no chemical changes to its constituents, the physical properties of a mixture, such as its melting point, may differ from those of the components. Some mixtures can be separated into their components by using physical (mechanical or thermal) means. Azeotropes are one kind of mixture that usually poses considerable difficulties regarding the separation processes required to obtain their constituents (physical or chemical processes or, even a blend of them).

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  1. P

    Find the %cl in original mixture

    a precipitate of agcl and agbr weighs 0.4066gm on heating in a current of chlorine the agbr is conveted to agcl and the mixture loses 0.725gm in weight.find the %cl in original mixture i tried it from the reaction 2agbr+cl2-2agcl+br2 is the problem on limiting reagent?please help
  2. D

    Finding mixture concentration using Beer's Law

    Homework Statement A 0.0450 M solution of para-aminobenzoic acid had an absorbance of 0.844 at 267 nm in a 1.00 cm cuvet, and an absorbance of 0.034 at 240 nm. A 0.0366 M solution of nicotinic acid had absorbances of 0.010 and 0.755 at 267 and 240 nm, respectively. A MIXTURE of PABA and...
  3. N

    Gas Mixture for a CO2 Laser: Why is the 8:1:1 ratio the most effective?

    Homework Statement I have been doing an experiment using a CO2 laser. One of the procedures is the find the best gas mixture and explain why. I have found the best misture to be 8 parts co2, 1 part n2 and 1 part He, which i have researched and my sources show this is correct. However i also...
  4. A

    How to separate a gaseous mixture ?

    Sulphur trioxide is to be separated from a gas mixture containing N2, O2, and SO3. Propose a method for carrying out this separation and briefly outline the procedure for calculating the composition of streams leaving your chosen separation unit. Could anyone provide some guidance to me...
  5. T

    Recirculating DE Mixture Problem

    Homework Statement A rigid tank of volume "V" contains salt dissolved in water at a concentration "C". Fresh water flows into the tank at a rate of "F". A fraction "x" of the exit flow is recirculated back into the entrance flow. Given: V, Volume of tank Fin, Flow rate in Fo, Flow rate...
  6. T

    Consider a 5.430-g mixture of FeO and Fe3O

    Consider a 5.430-g mixture of FeO and Fe3O4. You react this mixture with excess of oxygen to form 5.779g Fe2O3. Calculate the percent by mass of FeO in the original mixture.
  7. A

    Unique Features of Mixed Refrigerants - Alexisonsmith

    Hey, Does anyone know the unique features of mixed refrigerants and why they mix refrigerants instead of using just pure refrigerants? Thanks, Alexisonsmith
  8. P

    A 1.60 g sample of a mixture of naphtalene, C10H8. and anthracene

    Homework Statement "A 1.60 g sample of a mixture of naphtalene, C10H8. and anthracene, c14H10 is dissolveed in 20.0g of benzene, C6H6. The freezing point of the solution is 2.81C. Pure Benzene freezes at 5.51C and has a Kf = 5.12C kg/mol. Determine the composition (mass percentage) of...
  9. K

    Thermochemistry Help: Finding the final temperature of a mixture.

    Homework Statement A 1.22 kg piece of iron at 126.5 degrees Celsius is dropped into 981 g of water at 22.1 degrees Celsius. The temperature rises to 34.4 degrees Celsius. What will be the final temperature if this same piece of iron at 99.8 degrees celsius is dropped into 350 mL of glycerol...
  10. E

    50cm^3 of a mixture of CO, CO2 and H2 were exploded with 25.0cm^3

    Homework Statement 50cm^3 of a mixture of CO, CO2 and H2 were exploded with 25.0cm^3 of O2. After explosion, the volume measured at r.t.p. was 37.0 cm^3. After treatment with aqueous KOH, the volume was reduced to 5.0cm^3. Calculate the % composition by volume of the original mixture...
  11. I

    When does a SN1 reaction only yield one enantiomer, and not a racemic mixture?

    I'm curious about how a SN1 reaction can yield only one product (if it can, at all), rather than two (ultimately leading to a retention of stereochemistry). Would sterical reasons and/or its orbitals also have any play into this? Thanks!
  12. D

    Vapour Liquid Equilibrium for a two component mixture.

    I am studying vapor liquid eqilibrium for two component systems. There are some things which confuse me right now. These are the questions: - (1) Since there has to be atleast one phase, the degrees of freedom are maximum three. Which means, the degrees of freedom are P, T and composition...
  13. K

    Temperature Gradients of Independent Radiating Bodies within A Mixture.

    I am interested in describing the heat transfer and temperature gradients within a mixture of independent radiating bodies. States like this occur in many systems and i have been having a bit of trouble modeling this simple scenario. An example of a system is charcoals within a BBQ, and also...
  14. B

    Solving Gas Mixture Problem: Calculate Number of Moles

    Homework Statement A gaseous mixture contains 2.75 L of helium, some argon at 1.10 atm, and some neon at 25ºC. For which gas can the number of moles be calculated? Calculate the number of moles present of that gas. (This is exactly what the problem asks.) Homework Equations PV = nRT...
  15. S

    Matt's Question: Heat Transfer and Entropy Change for H2/N2 Mixture

    Hey everyone, I'm new to the forums here and just have a question. Homework Statement A piston-cylinder device contains a mixture of .2kg of H2 and 1.6kg of N2 at 100kPa and 300K. Heat is now transferred to the mixture at constant pressure until the volume is doubled. Assuming constant...
  16. K

    How Do You Calculate the Salt Concentration in a Tank Over Time?

    Homework Statement A tank contains 200 liters of fluid which 30 grams of salt is dissolved. Brine containing 1 gram of salt per liter is then pumped into the tank at a rate of 4 L/min; the well-mixed solution is pumped out at the same rate. Find the number A(t) of grams of salt in the tank...
  17. Averagesupernova

    How Does Draining and Refilling Affect a Mixture's Composition?

    My dad and I were having a discussion about filling a container with a 2 part mixture (50/50), draining off X amount of it and then refilling it with only 1 part of the mixture. For example: - Suppose we have a container that holds 10 gallons. We fill it with 5 gallons of water and 5 gallons...
  18. F

    What is the Final Temperature of a Water Mixture?

    Homework Statement You pour a certain amount of water at 100C and an equal amount of water at 20C into an insulated container. THe final temperature of the mixture will be (a) 60C (b) Less than 60C (c) greater than 60C. Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution I don't know what...
  19. G

    In a binary mixture, when is one flow negligable?

    I am looking for a non dimensional parameter that will tell me if I can neglect the flow of one of the gases and just consider the mass and momentum conservation equations for the background species. This is not a homework question. For example: If there is a pipe dumping a contaminant into...
  20. P

    The mixture of two gases in gravitational field

    Two ideal gases are mixed in the box of infinite height placed in constant gravitational field. There are n_1 moles of the first gase and n_2 moles of the second. Their molar mases are M_1 and M_2 respectively. Let's assume that the temperature is constant. What's the molar concentration as...
  21. T

    What is the mass of NaBr in the mixture?

    Homework Statement A mixture of NaCl and NaBr has a mass of 2.08 g and is found to contain 0.76 g of Na. What is the mass of NaBr in the mixture? Homework Equations Molar mass equations (possibly), formula mass The Attempt at a Solution I've calculated the percent composition of Na in...
  22. F

    Specific heat capacity, latent heat => ice water steam mixture

    Homework Statement A quantity of 100g of ice at 0°C and 50g steam at 100°C are added to a container that has 150g water at 30°C. What is the final temp of the container? Ignore the container itself in the calc. Homework Equations Q=mc (change in T) Q=mLThe Attempt at a Solution I know how to...
  23. G

    Calculating Final Pressure of Gas Mixture in Two Identical Containers

    Homework Statement A and B are two identical containers connected by a tap initially closed. A contains an ideal gas at a pressure P1 and temperature T1. B contains the same gas at a pressure P2 and a temperature T2. The tap is the opened. If the temperatures of the containers A and B remain...
  24. G

    Mixture Ratio for oxygen/propane in a rocket engine?

    What is the Air/Propane mixture Ratio? The Fuel Air Ratio of a Jet Engine is 15 to 1. This is for JP4. What is the Fuel Air Ratio for Propane Gas? I have learned the only difference between a rocket engine and pulse jet engine is the pulse jet runs on the oxygen that is in the air (30%...
  25. C

    How Can I Identify Ions in a Mixture During a Practical Experiment?

    I am prepare for a practical experiment, this is a practical experiment aim to identify the anions and cations in the solution, and those ions are choosed from Pb, Ba, Ca, Cu,Fe2, Fe3 and CO3, Cl, PO, SO, NO3. where can i find the solubility in water for any ionic compound that can be formed...
  26. D

    Solving Mixture Problem ODE Homework

    Homework Statement A 500 gallon tank is filled with pure water. A solution containing 4lbs of salt per gallon is added at a rate of 2 gallons per minute. The well-mixed solution is drained at a rate of 3 gallons per minute. A) How long does it take for the container to achieve a...
  27. G

    Calculating the pH of a HCl-NaOH Mixture

    A solution which is formed by combining 200. mL of 0.15 M HCl with 300. mL of 0.090 M NaOH has a pH of ____ ive worked out concentration of H ion is 0.03 and the concentration of OH ions 0.027. but i don't know what to next? answer is 2.2 thanks
  28. J

    How to Calculate dE/dx for a Mixture of Gases?

    Im trying to figure out how to find the dE/dx for a mixture of gases. I can find how to figure it out for an individual molecule knowing dE/dx for each element, but can't find how to find it for a mixture of two molecules of gases knowing dE/dx for each gas. Is there anywhere I can find the...
  29. S

    Calculate the mass of CO2 in a mixture

    Homework Statement I need to calculate the mass of CO2 in a mixture where there is 1.5kg of N2 and 1kg of O2 present. The total pressure of the mixture is 1.5bar, the volume is 2m^3 and the temperature is 293K. I also know the cv values for the constituents. Homework Equations I...
  30. J

    How Does Salt Concentration Change Over Time in a Brine Tank?

    Homework Statement A tank contains 80 gallons (gal) of pure water. A brine solution with 2 lb/gal of salt enters at 2 gal/min, and the solution exits at 2 lb/gal. Find the amount of salt in the tank at any time... R1=C1Q1(c=concentration q=liquid...
  31. Shackleford

    Mary's Puzzling Lab Experiment: Calculating the New Weight of a Mixture

    Mary was working in a chemistry lab with a mixture of chemicals that was 90% water and weighed 20 pounds. After returning to the lab from a weekend break, she calculated the mixture was now 50% water. How much does the mixture now weigh? For purposes of this puzzle, assume the non-water part of...
  32. 3

    What is the pH of a Mixture of 2.00M Chlorus Acid and 2.00M Formic Acid?

    Homework Statement 2.00M chlorus acid and 2.00M formic acid are mixed. What is the pH? Homework Equations Ka of chlorus acid is 1.1×10-2 Ka of formic acid is 1.78×10-4 The Attempt at a Solution For chlorus acid with quadratic equation to find x: x²+0.011x-0.022...
  33. O

    Thermal Expansion of Solvent Mixture question

    Hello, Currently, I am working on a science project involving the creation of silica aerogels through the process of freeze-drying. As a result, i need to experiment with mixtures of solvents with low thermal expansion coefficients (so the crystallization of the solvents will not damage the...
  34. O

    Determining Thermal Coefficient of Binary Solvent Mixture

    Hello, Currently, I am working on a science project involving the creation of silica aerogels through the process of freeze-drying. As a result, i need to experiment with mixtures of solvents with low thermal expansion coefficients (so the crystallization of the solvents will not damage the...
  35. M

    Sound Speed in a two phase mixture of gas and liquid

    Homework Statement A two phase mixture of gas and liquid (small air bubbles dispersed in water for example) may be treated as a continuum for the transmission of sound of long wavelengths. The liquid behaves as a heat reservoir, and pressure changes are approximately isothermal. Let rv be...
  36. M

    What Is the Sound Speed in a Two-Phase Mixture?

    Homework Statement A two phase mixture of gas and liquid (small air bubbles dispersed in water for example) may be treated as a continuum for the transmission of sound of long wavelengths. The liquid behaves as a heat reservoir, and pressure changes are approximately isothermal. Let rv be...
  37. C

    What is the pH of a Weak Acid/Base Mixture?

    Homework Statement We have two solutions: One solution that has 0.300 L of 0.100 M acetic acid, and the other with 0.100 L of 0.200 M CN^-. We mix the two solutions. At equilibrium, what is the pH of the resulting solution? Homework Equations For acetic acid, K_a=1.8*10^{-5} For CN^-...
  38. D

    What is the Density of a Mixture of Two Liquids in a 1:3 Ratio?

    Homework Statement In a mixture of 100 gm , 2 liquids are mixed in ratio 1:3 of their masses . If densities of liquids are 1.25gm/cc and 0.6gm/cc , find the density of mixture. Homework Equations D = mass/Volume The Attempt at a Solution mass = 100g let m1 = x , m2 = 3x d1 =...
  39. J

    Separation of solid mixture by extraction

    Hi, I have a question about separation of solid mixture by extraction. so how can you tell what reacts with what and which layer contains what? k for example, if you have a mixture of phenol and salicylic acid, first the mixture is dissolved in diethyl ether... then the solution is mixed with...
  40. R

    Speed of sound in a gas mixture

    In a mixture of argon (atomic mass = 39.9 u) and neon (atomic mass = 20.2 u), the speed of sound is 363 m/s at 300K. Assume that both monatomic gases behave as ideal gases. Find the percentage of the atoms that are argon and the percentage that are neon. I found the solution (in the...
  41. M

    Finding the composition of a mixture at equlibrium

    Homework Statement Initially a mixture contains 0.723 mol each of N2 and O2 in an 7.20 L vessel. Find the composition of the mixture when equilibrium is reached at 3900°C. For the reaction below, the Kc = 0.0123 at 3900°C. N2(g) + O2(g) 2 NO(g) Homework Equations I.C.E Tables (not...
  42. Q

    Is the singlet state just a special case of mixture?

    If the answer is no, why? Is it possible to show that, given the state spaces we have for individual particles, the singlet state is not a mixture of product states? If yes, how?
  43. C

    Mixture problem (with a twist) Diff. Eq.

    1. Beginning at time t=0, fresh water is pumped at the rate of 3 gal/min into a 60-gal tank initially filled with brine. The resulting less-and-less salty mixture overflows at the same rate into a second 60-gal tank that initially contained only pure water, and from there it eventually spills...
  44. K

    Finding the Steady State Eigenvector for Flower Mixture

    Homework Statement In order to prodice a more balanced, sustainable long term mix of flower Skwhere the percentage of the offspring of red flowers are p pink and 1-p redSk= A SoSk= [r p w]Twhere A=[1-p* 1/4* 0p***** 1/2* 1/20***** 1/4* 1/2]determine the stady state eigenvectors(you do not have...
  45. T

    How do I determine volume of salt water mixture before mixing?

    I read that when salt and water are mixed that the overall volume decreases by 2.5% (I'm not sure if this is relative to the original volume of the water or both the water and the salt). I'm not sure why this is the case and am interested in that. Moreover, I'd like to know how one would...
  46. J

    Temperature of ice-water mixture

    Homework Statement A beaker containing 50g of ice and 250g of liquid water is initially at 0celsius. It is then heated on a hot plate until half of the ice is melted. What is the temperature of the ice-water mixture at that point? A. 2.0 C B. 0.5 C C. 1.0 C D. 1.5 C E. 0.0 C Homework...
  47. I

    Hartree-Fock wave function for a mixture of two oppositely charged gases

    Hi, Suppose there is half-half a mixture of an electron gas and a gas of some hypothetical particle with the same mass, spin but an opposite charge (like positrons that don't decay). Would anyone be able to tell me how the Slater determinants combine in this case? The HF wave function for just...
  48. L

    About a mixture of gases and the equilibrium distribution

    Hello: I've been reading about the Maxwell Boltzmann distribution for a dilute gas. One of the hypotheses to get this result is that there is only a chemical species within the box, but what would happen if you put a mixture of gases, say two or three, each of which is very dilute and you...
  49. F

    Chemistry Can the amount of moles in a mixture be determined using mass and molar mass?

    General question: If given the mass (15.0 g) of a mixture of two solids (NaCl + C12H22O11), can I find the amount of moles in the mixture by multiplying (15.0 g)*(mol / mass NaCl + mass C12H22O11)? I don't think this is valid, but I don't know why not...
  50. E

    Examining the Equilibrium Constant for an Ideal Gas Mixture

    Homework Statement Consider an ideal-gas mixture of atoma A, atoms B and molecules AB, undergoing the reaction AB <---> A+B. If n_A, n_B, and n_{AB} denote their respective concentrations, then show that, in equilibrium \frac{n_{AB}}{n_A n_B} = V \frac{f_{AB}}{f_A f_B} = K(T) (the law...
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