Optics Definition and 999 Threads

Hello Forum, The numerical aperture NA of a lens is usually a parameter (adimensional) that indicates the lens ability to collect light. The concept of NA is usually introduced in fiber optics where we are concern with launching light into the fiber. But NA is also discussed in microscopy...

I have two lenses for my microscope. The object lens which magnifies 63 X. Then there is my eyepiece lens with f=100 mm which focuses the incoming light at an camera. How can I calculate the total magnification? All calculations so far for the eyepiece involve the 25 cm of the human eye, but now...

Homework Statement A simple method for determining the focal length of a negative lens is shown below. Prove this is true. Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution The linear magnification formula relates magnification, the distance from the lens to the image (i), the distance from...

In thinking about what it would take to make a feasible invisibility cloak or holographic disguise or perfect hologram room, I've imagined something that works like this: A light beam "image" is projected onto a device designed to refract or reflect it in all directions, but only 1 color in any...

1. Consider a y-polarized electromagnetic wave with vacuum wavelength 600nm that is propagating in glass and then incident on a glass-air interface; use n=1.4 for glass. Take the interface surface to be the y-z plane, and the plane of incidence to be the x-z plane. Consider 2 incident angles...

I've long had a fascination with optics and have deicded to study it seriously. I want to go from high school level education to being able to understand ’ðs; xÞ ¼ Ai s  x 2
2 þ iax " # exp as  ax2 2  ix3 12 þ ia2 x 2 þ is x 2
 : or something to that effect. I want to...

I am doing "Schlieren imaging" visualization of a gas flow from the nozzle. could anyone please recommend a software to simulate a gas flow from the nozzle. in addition please recommend a software to simulate optics, like the propagation of a light beam through the optics and image...

Homework Statement may i know how to derive the the sha[pe of graph and get the point of min (2f , 4f) ? i really have no idea how to get the shape of the graph and the min point. The book give it without any explanation. Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution

Homework Statement A sphere of radius 12.0cm has refractive index of 1.33. A speck is 4.0cm from the centre of the sphere is viewed along the diameter that passes thru the speck. Find the position of image when the speck is viewed from the nearer side? the ans is -7.2cm Homework Equations...

Could you please check the following problem? The book made an approximation. I didn't in my method. But the difference seems considerable. Did I make a mistake?

The size of image formed by a concave mirror is proportional to R^n where R is radius of curvature. Find n. Cannot understand how to proceed. Need help.

Whom might be talking on this area?

A gun of mass 'M' fires a bullet of mass 'm' with a horizontal velocity 'v'. The gun is fitted with a plane mirror facing towards the receding bullet. Find the velocity relative to its image just after the gun is fired.

Definition/Summary Nonlinear optical processes that occur due to the presence of a second-order nonlinear susceptibility are termed 2nd order processes, or three-wave mixing processes. There are four second order processes, second harmonic generation, sum and difference frequency generation...

Definition/Summary Light propagating through a vacuum will obey the principle of superposition, however this is not generally true for light propagating through gaseous or condensed media. As light propagates through transparent media, it induces a dipole moment on any atoms present in the...

Hello! I have a theoretical & practical question. Theorecical: I noticed that when I turn on my smart phone camera application and look 'through it' on some distant object, holding smart phone 30 cm from my eyes, then my eyes are focused on 30 cm and not in distance. Is there a way...

I was wondering what type of lens would be best for capturing the light incoming from a parabolic reflector into a container? The Fresnel lens looks like a good candidate, but I am still not quite sure. Does anyone have any insight on this subject? Just for info, the parabolic lens redirects...

What is the difference between propagation number(K) and wave number(k) described in Optics book written by hecht He defined K=2π/λ and k=1/λ and both of them have the same units (i.e, meter inverse) What does wave number of a Harmonic function tells about?

Good morning I need to ask about the exact formula for the phase shift used in stimulated Brillouin scattering especially in the phase shifter thank you

Homework Statement A lense with a focal length of ##-48.0cm## forms an image ##17.0cm## to the right of the lense. Where is the object positioned? Homework Equations $$\dfrac{1}{d_0}+\dfrac{1}{d_i}=\dfrac{1}{f}$$ The Attempt at a Solution Well, since the focal length is negative, we know...

Homework Statement Write an expression for a light wave circular polarized to the right, traveling in the positive ZZ direction, such that the electric field points in the negative XX direction at z=0, t=0.Homework Equations Right handed polarization is the same as clockwise, I think...

Homework Statement Thee linear polarizers are in sequence. Let first and last polarizer be crossed (perpendicular to each-other) and the middle polarizer rotate with angular frequency ##\omega##. Show that under such circumstances, ##I## is given by: $$I = I_0 \frac{1}{16}(1-\cos (4\omega...

This paper experimentally simulates Closed Timelike Curves (CTC) through quantum optics experiment. Since I have no experience/background in this, I found it hard to understand how exactly the CTC is implemented in the circuit. [Note: I do understand QM, so no need to explain this].

I've tried looking this up online, but people only ever talk about the basic principles and formulas involved instead of the concepts behind it. My question is this: "What is happening at a quantum level when light is refracted or reflected?" How does the light interact with the atoms of medium...

So I originally posted a thread for my optics homework listing every question from a worksheet AND my attempts. Apparently, it's seen as spam so I have tried and am now posting the second question. Homework Statement A concave mirror has a focal length of 40 cm. Determine the object...

So I got a warning for just posting questions so I'll do as best as I can to try and put effort lol Homework Statement A Young's interference experiment is performed with monochromatic light. The separation between the slits, d, is .50 mm, and the interference pattern on a screen L =...

Homework Statement A penny is placed at the bottom of a glass cylinder that is 30 cm in height. If the cyclinder is filled to 2/5 its volume: How much closer to an eye does the coin appear when viewed from directly above? 2. The attempt at a solution I don't quite know how to...

Hello, as you might have guessed, my question revolves around thin film optics. My intention is: Given a two thin-film system residing on top of a semi-infinite (bulk) layer, how can I estimate the reflecting color (RGB preferably) when illuminated by white light? (Illustrated below). I...

Homework Statement In an experiment a laser beam is focussed on a sample by a lens. The sample has micro structures spatially separated by 5 microns. In the experiment, each micro-structure has to be studied individually using the laser, so that illumination of two or more adjacent...

why total internal reflection happens only when a beam of light travels from a medium with higher index of refraction to a medium with lower index of refraction and not the other way around (i.e from a medium with lower index of refraction to a medium with a higher one)?

Some of you may have see the pinhole method of seeing without having to use glasses. My question is this, could this same pinhole application of viewing clearly be useful in optical microscopes? And if so, can it be used in series? By my understanding the pinhole technique works by...

Homework Statement Laser light is projected into two small slits that are 1mm apart. The fringe pattern on the screen is missing the 4th bright fringe. That is, there is a bright center fringe and three more bright fringes to either side of the central bright fringe, but the 4th one is...

I am trying to model a shape T aperture through 2D rect functions. Both the horizontal and vertical 'lines' have length b and width a, and do not overlap. The origin should be taken to be the centre of the vertical line. The question has hinted at the function describing the aperture to be...

Homework Statement While you were looking at the reflection of your feet in a plane mirror, you saw a dark spot on the glass. Assuming your height is 1.50 m, and that the eyes are located 0.1 m below the top of the head (a) What is the distance between the spot and the floor? (b)...

Hi, I am new here and I've got lots of questions about optics physics. I hope everybody can help me out. First, please check my understanding of diffuse reflection: http://www.physicsclassroom.com/Class/refln/u13l1d6.gif As shown in the diagram, I am sure that it will still follow the law of...

Is it possible to send enough light down a fibre optic cable to produce say 1000 Lumens? How would I go about calculating this? My thoughts here are using fibre optic cables to transfer light from the rooftops of buildings to the rooms inside. Is it possible? I know fibre optics are used to...

In the following diagram find the distance d if a=4.0 mm, Θ=30° n_asinΘ_a=n_bsinΘ_b: snells law a^2+b^2=c^2: pythagorean theorem I think I got the angle to the problem correct. I am not sure if this is correct. Is this correct Θ_b=sin^-1(1sin30/1.52)?

A narrow beam of sodium light (λ=5893 A) is incident from air on a smooth surface water at θ=35°. Find the refraction angle and wavelength in water. n=λ_0/λ:wavelength of light in a material n_asinΘ_a=n_bsinΘ_b: snells law n=c/v:index of refraction I tried using the wavelength of light...

Homework Statement These are problems from a Newton rings experiment where a lens was placed on a flat surface and the interference patterns created Newton rings. I measured the diameter of the first five rings and then plotted a graph of d^2 against N (number of the individual ring). These...

Homework Statement A farsighted woman cannot see objects clearly that are closer to her eye than 60.0 cm. Determine the focal length and power of the spectacle lenses that will enable her to read a book at a distance of 25.0 cm. Homework Equations The equation I have been using to find...

When dealing with lenses which have one curved/flat surface silvered why do we consider light to refract twice before hitting the silver side? This diagram should show what i mean: The way it appears to me is that after light enters the un-silvered surface it refracts then it does...

Homework Statement How many grams of water could have its temperature raised by 1.13 °C by a mole of photons that have a wavelength of 510 nm? Homework Equations E=hf λf=c The Attempt at a Solution (3x10^8) / (510 x 10^-9) = 5.88 x 10^14 Hz multiply by Planck's constant...

Hello, I would like to ask why, when a surface is not polished, it reflects less. I understand that when the surface is not polished, microscopically it presents a lot of irregularities so that when the light strikes the surface it gets reflected in all directions and instead of getting...

Homework Statement A Koenig eyepiece with a focal length of 100mm is constructed in the following way: The first lens is made of 755276 glass which is 10 mm thick on axis. The radius of curvature of its left hand surface is -225mm, the radius of curvature of it right hand surface is 83.6...

First of all this is my first thread, so I apologize for any mistake. Perhaps this is a stupid question, but i need some help in exercise 21.10 of D'Inverno, to write down geodesic equation for l^a, which is a vector tangent to a congruence of null geodesics and then by a rescaling of l^a...

Homework Statement Hello! The question I'm looking to solve is asking me to "analytically evaluate the image" produced by a concave mirror (which I'm assuming is telling me to use matrix methods to find image position, though I'm not sure). I've come across matrix methods which give me the...

Homework Statement Explain the physical principle of total internal reflection used by optical cables. Calculate the critical angle of incidence that corresponds to a refracted angle θair = 90 Next, calculate the critical angle for a bare glass fiber submerged in water nH2O = 1.33...

Homework Statement A ray is deflected by 2.37cm by a piece of acrylic. Find the thickness t of the acrylic if the incident angle is 50.5 degrees. http://imgur.com/kx2VT5c Homework Equations n1sinΘ1 = n2sinΘ2 The Attempt at a Solution n of acrylic is 1.5. Therefore, the refracted...

I'm currently a chemistry major (senior), but I intend to go to graduate school for physics, so quantum optics lab would me more useful to me than materials chemistry lab. I emailed the physics counselor (since the class is restricted to physics majors) and she said that it would be to...

If a red light drops on a red object, we know that all of the red light is reflected, and none is absorbed. But what happens if a red light drops on a white surface, is all of the red light reflected, will the intensity of the reflected light be the same? Or will the reflected light be of a...