Phase Definition and 1000 Threads

I have problems deriving a formula in a paper I'm reading for a project. The paper is about putting a number of waveplates in series rotated relatively to each other to form a tuneable broadband waveplate. For the i-th waveplate the jones matrix is given by: $$ J_{i}(\delta_i, \Theta_i)=...

I recently bought a machine from china. The power requirements are 220v single phase with 4 motors that draw about 16A collectively. The factory told me 5.5KVA as a minimum power source. If I use a step up transformer from 120v this means 45A max current draw. US 220v(240v) is really 2-phase...

I understand that quantum objects have wave and particle properties. I know that k = 2π / lamda. I am simply not understanding the x-axis of a bandstructure plot of E(k) vs. k. I've read parts of a book by Roald Hoffman on this subject. In the book it is shown that there are infinite chain of...

what would cause the phase difference ?

This stator is out of a Wisconsin VG4D gas motor. Both black leads go to a rectifier. Red and white leads go to a regulator. White lead pigtail goes to ammeter gauge and on to battery. I need to rewind but for the life of me I can't figure out how to connect the winding to the 4 leads coming...

Simplex method

I've seen this video: There it is explained that an electromagnetic (here radio) wave has a phase shift if it was radiated in horizontal polarization, but it does not experience the phase shift when it was emitted vertically polarized when it gets reflected on the ground. When reading up on...

Using the givens I found ωd=862 rad/s, and with some help I got tanϕ=-1 and Z=56.5685 ohms. But I can't figure out any of the other variables. I'm not even exactly sure what "driving frequency" is and I can't find an equation for it.

Hello. So I have a coil and a resistor in parallel connection. It is powered by alternating current. I have to calculate angle between voltage and current, what is the formula? I know the reactive resistance in coil, I know resistance of resistor, voltage across both of them and amps flowing...

Hi everyone, this is sort of a soft question which I need to ask to make sure my understanding is correct, it relates to a little project I'm doing on measurement resolution. The first question is to clear up a general concept, the second is based on the first and is the actual question...

One thing about terminology that I think c/should be changed for Continuum Mechanics: 1) 'Ideal Fluid' Describe Behavior of Matter in Phase States of liquid/gas and sometimes Bulk-Solid: -continually deform under applied shear stress or external force -usually zero shear modulus -behavior can...

I think the cluster decomposition states that products of space like separated observable decouple when sandwiched with states. An analogy with statistical mechanics seems to suggest that we are stating there are no phase transitions. For example, in the Ising model all spins are correlated in...

A) What are the modern techniques used for enhancing the thermal conductivity of Phase changing materials (PCM) ? B) what are the negative effects (disadvantages) of using old methods of enhancing thermal conductivity of PCM ? ( construct table ) C) what are the different techniques used for...

Howdy all. The typical image of a three phase electrical system involves 3 sine waves, phase shifted 120 degrees. These sine waves each, individually, represent the 'phase voltage,' which is to a common neutral in a wye configuration. In this wye configuration the line to line voltage is...

For question 2.28, the load kVA requires the use of power factor before calculating the line current, while eg 2.7 do not. May I ask why do they have the difference of using PF or not? Thank you.

I first found the partial pressure of ethanol at 70 degrees using Antoine coefficients: Coefficients: A 7.68117 B 1332.04 C 199.2 Equation: And found a partial pressure of 0.7 bar...

So, I am casually sifting through a chapter in a thermodynamics textbook talking about the multiphase process that pure substances go through. I understand how the P-v and T-v diagram works and that out of the three properties (specific volume, temperature and pressure), two of them are...

I had to find the phase difference between sound waves created by two sources at different distances from a given point. I found the correct answer to be about 13.4. Would any other answer of the form (13.4 + 2npi) also be correct, assuming n is a non-zero integer? Or is 13.4 the only correct...

Cooked some french fries last night using oil saved in the refrigerator. The oil appears to have undergone a phase change, after some time in the refrigerator instead of being a yellowish transparent liquid it was a semi-solid soft whitish non-transparent stuff when I took it out of the...

Hi I've recently started learning about electrical three phase theory, and therefore got some questions. Imagine the following: Countries like Albania, Norway ++, have IT earthing configuration in their distribution grids, i.e. the neutral point is not solidly grounded, however "grounded"...

Hi.. I am trying to figure out the required voltage for an Austrian built saw. I am not very good with AC plus the schematics are in German, I think, which is further confusing the matter. Here is the saw: http:/altpubad.com/Temp/1265-1994.pdf I assume it uses three 240 lines but thought I...

Hello, I am trying to think of a way to introduce a phase shift in an ac circuit. For example, sin(omega*t+theta) to change theta. How can I go about doing this? I do not think introducing a cap or inductor would work, even though it shifts the voltage from the current graphs (phasors). A...

Homework Statement When running, some (heat) energy is lost by the evaporation of sweat. If a runner loses 1.0 MJ( Mega Joules) of energy via sweating, calculate an approximate mass of sweat evaporated from the runner. Homework Equations Q = McΔT Q (Joules) = M (Mass) c (Maximum Heat...

Mentor note: Moved from non-homework forum to here hence no template. So I was able to solve part 1.A of the first problem by hand, the phase portrait is a sideways parabola. However, I want to also show on this on mathematica. I want to solve the equation first and then plot the phase...

Hi all, I'm trying to understand how to describe the quantum state of entangled photons, including their phase, if one of them encounters a double-slit. Here's a simple example: Suppose you have two polarization-entangled photons A and B in the following Bell state: \begin{equation}...

Homework Statement Parallel water waves of wavelength 10 m strike a straight sea wall. The wavefronts make an angle 30o with the wall. What is the difference in phases between the waves at two points 5 m apart along the wall? a. 30o b. 45o c. 90o d. 156o e. 180o Homework Equations Δφ = Δx / λ...

I really don’t understand the advantage of 3 phase flow, phase field module in comsol. For example, if I want to simulate a compound droplet inside a fluid. Can’t I use the moving mesh with 2 fluid-fluid interface? If yes. When should I use the 3-phase flow, phase field simulation?

If we define Q factor as 2*pi* energy stored/ energy dissipated per cycle, what's the physical insight behind obtaining low phase noise for oscillators when we have high Q factors? (I know the mathematical derivation based on finding the frequency profile of an oscillator (like LC oscillator)...

Hi everybody, I've read some pages in Nielsens "Quantum Computing" book, it's very interesting, but especially at Grover's algorithm, there occurs a question for me. It is said that a phase shift is performed, which is defined as follows: ##|0\rangle \rightarrow |0\rangle \\ |x\rangle...

Phase space trajectories can't intersect each other is it due to the fact that at the intersection point there will be more than one possible path for the system to evolve with time??

Homework Statement I have phase space coordinates (x0,y0,z0,vx,vy,vz)=(1,0,0,0,1,0). I need to analytically show that these phase space coordinates correspond to a circular orbit. Homework Equations r=sqrt(x^2+y^2+z^2) maybe? The Attempt at a Solution My core problem here is maybe that I...

Homework Statement A. Two identical speakers, with the same phase constant, are arranged along a 1D track. One speaker remains at the origin. The other speaker can slide along the track to any position x. You are on the track at x=10 m. You hear interference maxima when the adjutable...

I’m having trouble understanding section 30.1 of FLP Vol 1. Particularly the first figure is causing me struggle. I understand magnitude and phase, such as fig 29-9 when 2 waves are added to get an effective resultant vector. But I’m struggling to see how equation 30.3 is applicable when it’s...

I'm confused about something regarding phase shifts but I'm not sure I've pinned down what. I had always thought of a mirror as introducing a global phase shift of π in the position basis, but I only now realize that this makes no sense: of course -A ⊗ B = A ⊗ -B, so a global phase shift is not...

Hi, I have a roughly 1.1 GHz signal to be downconverted to 100 MHz by mixing it with a 1 GHz local oscillator. I am not sure how to choose the performance of the LO. In particular: let's assume the LO has a jitter of 100 fs rms. At 1 GHz this corresponds to a frequency error of 100 kHz. Does...

I was looking at the following proof of Louviles theorem : we define a velocity field as V=(dpi/dt, dqi/dt). using Hamilton equations we find that div(V)=0. using continuity equation we find that the volume doesn't change. I couldn't figure out the following : 1- the whole point was to show...

Why for the free particle, the group velocity and phase velocity are not the same while we have only one wave? What is the envelope here?

I'm trying to understand the following derivation. Starting with the one-dimensional equation for a traveling wave ##u = u_0 \exp{[j(\omega t - \beta z)]}## the goal is to derive the phase relation between strain and velocity. The author first derives the relationship between strain and particle...

Hello All, Wanted to see if I am approaching this problem correctly, I have an exam coming up and am pretty sure something like this will show up. Examine the phase diagram (phase.jpg) with a 20WT% A and 80WT%B which is allowed to cool slowly from liquid A) what temp does the first solid...

Homework Statement How much energy must be removed from the system to turn liquid copper of mass 1.5kg at 1083 degrees celsius to solid copper at 1000 degrees celsius? a. -2.49X10^5J b. -3.67X10^4J c. 2.25X10^3J d. 9.45X10^4J e. -2.78X10^3J Homework Equations Q=Mc(Tf-Ti)...

Homework Statement Homework Equations (1) Φ = 2π*(dsinθ/λ) (2) Itotal = I0 cos2(Φ/2) (3) Itotal = I0 cos2(πdy/λR) λ = 585 * 10-9 m R = 0.700 m d = 0.320 * 10-3 m y = ? The Attempt at a Solution a) I used eqn (1) and divided the total oscillations by a complete oscillation to find the...

hello everybody does always phase undergoes transition when a pressure applied on a crystal ?even when the temperature is constant? and can pressure be increased without increasing temperature for a crystal? best regards Nawzad

Hi community, The phase relationship is 0 for the shorter pendulae, 1/4 cycle for the pendulum in resonance and in anti-phase for the longer pendulae; relative to the driver pendulum. I have observed this but I can see it conceptually to an extent but wondered if anyone knows of a resource for...

I want to know the reconstruction of phase shift interferometry by angular spectrum method in matlab

I have an assignment to show that specific intensity over frequency cubed \frac{I}{\nu^3}, is Lorentz invariant and one of the main topics there is to show that the phase space is Lorentz invariant. I did it by following J. Goodman paper, but my professor wants me to show this in another way...

The only thing I know is that phase constant tells how much a signal is shifted along the x-axis. The answer of the question is both option a and b. I am not getting it!

What is the phase difference between the right circularly polarized and left circularly polarized light of the same amplitude? And how do you calculate it?

Homework Statement Derive the relationship bewteen x_{max}, A_{+}, A_{-} and \phi Homework Equations x(t) = e^{\gamma t}(A_{+}e^{i \omega_d t} + A_{-}e^{-i \omega_d t}) x(t) = x_{max} e^{\gamma t} cos(\omega_d t + \phi) The Attempt at a Solution I know the e^{\gamma t} cancels and for the...

I'm a teacher at a Senior High School in Indonesia. I have two Senior High School physics books (Indonesian book) written about simple harmonic motion formula: y = A sin θ = A sin (ωt + θ0) = A sin 2πφ = A sin 2π (t/T + θ0/2π) phase angle = θ = ωt + θ0 phase of wave = φ = t/T + θ0/2π But I...

Hi, In electro-chemical cells (galvanic, concentration, etc) or more generally when some RedOx reactions occur in solutes, is there always a phase change? I mean is there always a change in the state of matter from liquid to solid or gas?