In linguistics, and particularly phonology, stress or accent is the relative emphasis or prominence given to a certain syllable in a word or to a certain word in a phrase or sentence. That emphasis is typically caused by such properties as increased loudness and vowel length, full articulation of the vowel, and changes in tone. The terms stress and accent are often used synonymously in that context but are sometimes distinguished. For example, when emphasis is produced through pitch alone, it is called pitch accent, and when produced through length alone, it is called quantitative accent. When caused by a combination of various intensified properties, it is called stress accent or dynamic accent; English uses what is called variable stress accent.
Since stress can be realised through a wide range of phonetic properties, such as loudness, vowel length, and pitch (which are also used for other linguistic functions), it is difficult to define stress solely phonetically.
The stress placed on syllables within words is called word stress. Some languages have fixed stress, meaning that the stress on virtually any multisyllable word falls on a particular syllable, such as the penultimate (e.g. Polish) or the first (e.g. Finnish). Other languages, like English and Russian, have lexical stress, where the position of stress in a word is not predictable in that way but lexically encoded. Sometimes more than one level of stress, such as primary stress and secondary stress, may be identified.
Stress is not necessarily a feature of all languages: some, such as French and Mandarin, are sometimes analyzed as lacking lexical stress entirely.
The stress placed on words within sentences is called sentence stress or prosodic stress. That is one of the three components of prosody, along with rhythm and intonation. It includes phrasal stress (the default emphasis of certain words within phrases or clauses), and contrastive stress (used to highlight an item, a word or part of a word, that is given particular focus).
Hi all,
I have a cantilever that is a plate (not a beam) with dimensions 2mm wide x 4mm long x 0.3mm thick. It is fixed only at one side, with the other 3 sides free. I want to be able to find the intrinsic stress on it after it is fabricated.
To complicate matters, I also want to put...
i want to design a machine which is capable of applying all three types of loads that is axial, bending and torsion. Using this application of static loads , I want to measure the stress concentration factor.
I have a very fundamental doubt regarding the stress strain graph for many materials..Normally we plot strain ~stress in the graph..but it seems that stress is the independent variable and strain is the dependent variable..but still why nowhere i have found the curve as stress~strain..can...
hey Folks,
Please see attachment. I'm in doubt about the equation 5.15a. Indeed, it is said on the line just above it that : "in a frame where particles have velocity Va" which means the lab frame , say. Then in this frame the time component of 4-velocity is the Lorentz contraction factor...
A 500 kg car uses 10 kg aluminum alloy tire ring, what is the compression stress on one of the wheel rings if the contact area is 0.10 m^2 with the tire
so the model answer is
stress = F\A
127.5\0.1 = 12,750 Pa
where did we get the force from ?
127.5 ?
in a perfect fluid the stress energy tensor is:
T_{AB} = (P + \rho) u_A u_B + P g_{AB}
queation1 : always u_A =1, \vec{0}?
question2: if the space time have a line element h_{AB}dx^A dx^B...for the calculus of T_{AB}, ¿ g_{AB} = h_{AB}?
¿can i to use g_{AB}=\eta_{AB} if h_{AB}...
Homework Statement
hi, I'm new to this and am trying to understand axial stress. here's the question I've been given:
"consider the 250mm x 250mm concrete-encased steel column, shown above (picture a square with an H-shaped steel beam in it). the steel section is W150 x 22, with Es =...
When plotting a stress against strain graph is this the right equation that fits the form y=mx+c?
I got (F/A)=y(dL/L) where F is force A is area y is youngs modulus dL is change in length and L is original length. The Y is F/A. The m is y and x is dL/l (in y=mx) is this correct? Thank you
Dear All,
I work in an engineering company here in Abu Dhabi, UAE.
Very recently, we have been asked by our clients to perform STRESS ANALYSIS FOR THE FIRE FIGHTING PIPELINES.
But my engineer initially said that for FIGHTING PIPELINES, stress analysis is not required as the water is...
In a space time 5D, the action for the brane 4D is:
\int dx^4 \sqrt{-h}
In the Randall Sundrum the action for the hidden brane is:
V_0\int dx^4 \sqrt{-h}, where V_0 is the tension on the brane hidden.
follow the stress energy tensor
T_{MN}= V_0 h_{uv} \delta^u_M \delta^v_N...
I am a newcomer to FEM and Ansys, so forgive the possibly banal question:
I have modeled a cantilever beam with a vertical point load acting at the free end using Ansys (using a PLANE42 element) and am slightly confused about the resulting plot for stress in y direction (y being the axis...
Homework Statement
Homework Equations
The Attempt at a Solution
I'm in doubt the angle that I should be using to solve σx' and Tx'y'. Is 60 degree or -30 degree?
Ps: I know how to determine the principal stresses and max shear. Just the angle that I'm in doubt at.
60
-30
So I am trying to figure out this shear stress problem that I have no idea how to approach. I have a shaft which is transmisitting a torque. It can be locked to its housing by using a pin which passes through it radially. I need to know that the shaft won't snap when transmitting its torque...
Homework Statement
A two-dimensional incompressible flow takes place in the space between two parallel
solid plane boundaries, which are a distance 2b apart. The density of the fluid is p, the
dynamic viscosity is p. and the velocity distribution in the flow is given by the expression
I...
Homework Statement
A solid circular steel drive shaft is 4 m long and 60 mm diameter. The modulus of
rigidity of the steel is 85 GPa and its maximum allowable shear strength is 150 MPa.
The shaft is used to transmit a power of 30 kW while rotating at 500 rev/min.
Calculate the following...
My question is regarding exercise 5.1 on page 141 of MTW. How come the tension and the pressure have the same value ? The field lines here are they the field lines of the electromagnetic force ?
Thanks,
Hello,
I would like to compare rods made of different materials based on the amount of force or stress they would generate when fixed at both ends. normally, I would just compare the product of the coefficient of thermal expansion ( \Alpha ), change in temperature ( \Delta T ) and modulus (E)...
Homework Statement
find all elements of maxwell stress tensor for a monochromatic plane wave traveling in z direction and linearly polarized in x.
Homework Equations
Tij=\epsilono(EiEj-(1/2)\deltaij E2+1/\muo(BiBj-(1/2)\deltaB2
The Attempt at a Solution
So i found what E and B is well not...
im currently stuck on a stress analysis question, the question is the following:
for the section shown below, derive the following:
x, y, Ixx, Iyy, Ixy, theta, Iu and Iv
50
___ yy
|---| |
|---| |
|---| |
|---| +------ xx
|---|___________________...
Dear forum,
I need some guidence on how to solve shear stress on a pin and the hole compression due to force load on the pin. I haven't provided number as I can work those out later, but simply I am asking for a step by step!
[PLAIN]http://img835.imageshack.us/img835/8623/problemsb.jpg
I've been reading my strength of materials text about design of steel beams. I understand everything up to the point where the text tells me to use the average web shear stress (V/dt) instead of max shear stress (VQ/It) to determine if a given beam is within the allowable shear stress. I...
Dear all,
I having a trouble in defining 2D and 3D stress . As I know Maximum principal stress in 2D and 3D cases is totally different. In which condition we should apply 2D stress formula and when we need to use 3D stress formula?
Homework Statement
Hi all! I am an undergraduate who is currently doing a design on amusement ride. MY amusement ride would have a hollow hemisphere that is being rotated by a shaft. I need to determine the stresses acting on the hemisphere in order to know the material to use to build this...
I was doing a FEA Stress Analysis of an Alum (6063 T6) part and set the Ultimate and Yield Strength of the material lower to model the behavior at 150 degress C. The displacement (movement) of the model was exactly the same for relatively small forces. The force was 110 N and the Ultimate...
Hello
I have done a Soderberg shaft design calculation, taking into account the stress concentration for a keyway. However, I've just noticed that I might need to adapt this for a feather type keyseat, or 2 (parallel, 180deg apart) keyways in the same cross section.
I'm sure I read...
Hi All,
I am going to perform stress analysis on a helicopter landing gear. My job is to find one specific landing gear, study its design, analyze and through tools we learned in the strength of materials class, redesign the gear to improve it.
If you have knowledge of this sort of...
Hi all, I have a question.
Does exists a software that is able to calculate creep and stress relaxation of a model of springs and dampers?
Is Matlab/Simulink able to do this?
Thanks in advance.
Normal stress problem,.. Help me :(
link BD CONSIST OF SINGLE BAR 30MM WIDE AND 12MM THICK. KNOWING THAT EACH PIN HAS 10MM DIAMETER. DET MAX VALUE OF AVE. NORMAL STRESS IN LINK BD IF A.) ANGLE = 0 DEGREES, B.) ANGLE = 90 DEGREES..
http://i356.photobucket.com/albums/oo7/hids0902/fcdsafdsa.jpg
Howdy ya'll,
a relatively simple question,
A circular bar 20mm in diameter and 1m long is subjected to an axial load of 50kN. Determine:
(i) The normal stress.
(ii) The normal strain.
(iii) The elongation.
Assume the material is steel with an Elastic Modulus of 200GPa.
ok so i...
Hi. I was assigned this coursework by my lecturer. The problem is I have only been taught how to analyse a solid beam section and not a hollow section as is shown in the problem. What I would like to know is how to calculate the area. Usually I would do this by calculating Length x Breadth. I...
Hi Guys,
So I am biting off more than I can chew with my latest project.. and looking for help.
I am going to fabricate a kit car chassis,
The suggested material is 1' x 1' steel box section but why?
Could anybody help by suggesting the kind of calculations I would have to research...
Hi everyone,
I am a second year physics undergraduate and I have recently become worried about being employed, even with higher education like a phd. Because of such anxiety I've explored the option of becoming an investment banker on Wallstreet, but I would like to know more information...
Hi i was wondering if anyone could help me by showing me how to re-arrange this equation:
a=2b*(c\d)½ i need to make c the formula. Any help would be greatly appreciated.
Chris
Homework Statement
If stress is given by equation 1 which implies that stress is independent of material and the 2nd equation implies it depends on the material. Inst it a contradiction?
Homework Equations
Normal stress is given by \sigma=f/A (1)
and \sigma=E\epsilon (2)
The...
If a uniform beam was in space (no gravity or resistance of any kind) and only was applied a force F on only one side, does the inside of the beam feel a stress and deform? If so, what does the stress equal? Can you explain why/why not the beam feels a stress or not?
I know that that if...
Homework Statement
What is the maximum normal stress in the beam and where is it located? The beam is 1m long, 0.2m high, and 0.05m thick (out of the page). The Modulus of Elasticity is 100Gp. The force is applied at an angle of 20 degrees with horizontal.
|
|____________
|...
Computing stresses using the stress function involves solving the equation:
\frac{\partial^4 \phi}{\partial x^4}+2\frac{\partial^4 \phi}{\partial x^2\partial y^2}+\frac{\partial^4 \phi}{\partial y^4}=-E\alpha_L\nabla^2T
where the right side is a thermoelastic source.
Stress components...
Currently I am studying the mechanical properties of artery tissue, and was tasked with determining if the tissue fails due to shear stress or shear strain. I have always worked under the assumption that they go hand in hand with each other, but the nature of this question obviously suggests...
Please refer to the diagram attached.
I am trying to work out the peak stress and deflection of a vertical member in a simple steel frame.
I know that the vertical member will be subjected to a buckling stress, but I'm unsure as to whether the moment about O caused by the cantilevered...
I am using Gaussian elimination to solve the airy stress function, but I am having difficulty implementing boundary conditions.
A good synopsis on the problem of identifying boundary conditions is given here (section 5.2.1):
http://solidmechanics.org/text/Chapter5_2/Chapter5_2.htm
Given that...
It is easy to analyze a cantilever beam of constant cross section and point loaded at the end for stress and deflection.
But what about including a gusset support? Is there a method to analyze this?
Hello everybody out there!
I've recently got a stroke of what is called 'brain fog' on other internet pages. The reason I take this up is that I need some help on my perspective conserning my studies. Besides I think there's many people out there that have the same problem as me.
If you...
Hi,
I need to get the stress components on a window glass using photoelasticity technique.
How can I now the minimum amount of stress that can be detected using this technique?
Thanks!
Hi guys.
Hooke's Law is stated as: Stress is proportional to strain within elastic limit (or load proportional to deformation).
But I can't really figure out why this happens. I mean what is the cause of this proportionality?
Homework Statement
I have attached a copy of the assignment problem. I have been having serious trouble finding the value of the force P. I know the equations to use for part b and c but I need to know the force P to complete the rest of the problem.Homework Equations
a) The problem tells me...