Topology Definition and 818 Threads

Hello, I am currently creating an ongoing series of Topology video lectures and looking for students of an appropriate level for some accurate feedback. They are much in the style of the popular Khan Academy. Link Thank you for your time.

How do you compute the Fundamental group of the 1-skeleton of the 3-cube I^{3} = [0,1]^{3} ? What about the Fundamental group of the 1- skeleton of the 4-cube I^{4} ? I know the Fundamental group of a space X at a point x_{0} is the set of homotopy classes of loops of X based at x_{0} . And...

Topology, Proofs, The word "Complement" Homework Statement I have a proof to do in which they use the word "complement". I am not sure what it means by that withing the context of the question. There is no glossary to the book and there is no mention of complement before this question...

Homework Statement Let R have the topology consisting of all the sets A such that R\A is either countable or all of R. Is [0, 1] a compact subspace in this topology? The Attempt at a Solution If U covers R, if it consists of sets of type A such that R\A is finite, then [0, 1] is compact...

I’m looking for a recommendation for a topology book that I could go through myself. I’ve been told that I should learn point-set topology before algebraic topology, but my algebra is much stronger than my analysis – so I’d also like to know if point-set necessarily comes first. I’ll give...

Can a connected space have a countable disjoint cover of closed subsets with at least two elements?

1. Let f:X->Y be a function and let U be a subset of X and V a subset of X. Prove that f(U) - f(v) is a subset of f(U-v). 3. The Attempt at a Solution Suppose x belongs to f(U-v), then f(x) belongs to U-V and then f(x) does not belong to V so f(x) belongs to U. Then it holds that...

Homework Statement This seems very simple, that's why I want to check it. Let X be an ordered set in the order topology. If X is connected, then X is a linear continuum. The Attempt at a Solution An ordered set is a set with an order relation "<" which is antireflexive, transitive...

Homework Statement As the title suggests. Rω is the space of all infinite sequences of real numbers. The uniform topology is induced by the uniform metric, which is, on Rω, given with: d(x, y) = sup{min{|xi - yi|, 1} : i is a positive integer} The Attempt at a Solution I am trying to show...

Hey. Was wondering if anyone had used this or had any feedback on whether this book was any good. I am having a slight schedule conflict with advanced calculus next semester and was considering taking topology. They use this book. On Amazon, there are only 2 reviews which are at opposite...

Connectedness and "fineness" of topology Homework Statement Let T and T' be two topologies on X, with T' finer than T. What does connectedness of X in one topology imply about connectedness in the other? The Attempt at a Solution Assume (X, T) is connected, so there don't exist two...

Hello all, Sometimes I come across the situation that a topology of a space is defined indirectly through some convergence mode. I can understand when we are given a topology, we can define the convergence of a sequence w.r.t this topology. However, if we start with saying the space is...

i don't know if i can post it here, like this man https://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?t=397395, there's a lot of usefull comment for me. anyway, I'm still don't really know which one i like, either algebraic topology, or algebraic geometry. but i really do like algebra... so I'm...

1. Is closed ball the derived set of open ball? 2. In discrete metric space, boundary of a set is always the empty set?

Homework Statement I started studying point-set topology a while ago, and I started to wonder, "Does a set have to be partially ordered in order to define a topology on it?" Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution I know that every set in a topology has to be open, which...

Determine the boundary of A. A= (-1,1) U {2} with the lower limit topology on R What I know is that the topology defines open sets as those of the form [a,b). In this case, if they want an interval in the form of [a,b) for the interior, then it comes to mind that [0,1) would be the...

Homework Statement Let \mathbf {a} \in R^n be a non zero vector, and define { S = \mathbf {x} \in R^n : \mathbf {a} \cdot \mathbf {x} = 0 }. Prove that S interior = {\o} Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution Intuitively I understand that if a is a vector in R^3...

Let T be the collection of subsets of R consisting of the empty set and every set whose complement is countable. a) Show that T is a topology on R. b) Show that the point 0 is a limit point of the set A= R - {0} in the countable complement topology. c) Show that in A = R -{0} there is...

Let T be the collection of subsets of R consisting of the empty set and every set whose complement is countable. a) Show that T is a topology on R. b) Show that the point 0 is a limit point of the set A= R - {0} in the countable complement topology. c) Show that in A = R -{0} there is...

Homework Statement Find all the limit points and interior points of following sets in R2 A={(x,y): 0<=x<=1, 0<=y<=1} *here I used "<=" symbol to name as "less then or equal". B={1-1/n: n=1,2,3,...} Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution the limit point of B is 1 as n goes to...

Homework Statement Let (a1, a2, ...) and (b1, b2, ...) be sequences of real numbers, where ai > 0, for every i. Let the map h : Rω --> Rω be defined with h((x1, x2, ...)) = (a1x1 + b1, a2x2 + b2, ...). One needs to investigate under what conditions on the numbers ai and bi h is continuous...

Homework Statement As the title suggests, I need to show that RxR is metrizable in the dictionary order topology. As a reminder, for two elements (a, b) and (c, d) of R^2, the dictionary order is defined as (a, b) < (c, d) if a < c, or if a = c and b < d. The Attempt at a Solution...

Prove that Cl(Q) = R in the standard topology I'm really stuck on this problem, seeing as we haven't covered limit points yet in the text and are not able to use them for this proof. Can anybody provide me with help needed for this proof? Many thanks.

My textbook is indicating to me that sometimes {x \in X : a <= x <= b} is an open set. How can this happen? My only guess is that if X has a smallest and largest element, called a and b, then sure. Otherwise?

Homework Statement Hi there, I have a set similar to this \{(x,y)\in{\mathbb{R}^2}:x^2+y^2\neq{k^2},k\in{\mathbb{Z}\} (its the same kind, but with elipses). And I don't know if it is convex or not. If I make the "line proof", then I should say no. What you say? Bye there, and thanks.

I was wondering if topology has ever been utilized on the structure of DNA and how that applies to its functions? I am assuming that it has as this is one of the most obsessed over molecules in the 21st century. I am interested in this area of topology if it exists. Also I have no previous...

Homework Statement Every subset of \mathbb{N} is either finite or has the same cardinality as \mathbb{N} Homework Equations N/A The Attempt at a Solution Let A \subseteq \mathbb{N} and A not be finite. \mathbb{N} is countable, trivially, which means there is a bijective...

Homework Statement Let X = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and V = {{2, 3, 4}, {1, 4, 5}, {2, 4, 5}, {1, 3}} be a subbasis of a topology U on X. a) find all dense subsets of the topological space (X, U) b) let f : (X, U) --> (X, P(X)) be a mapping defined with f(x) = x (P(X)) is the partitive set of...

Hi, I have some doubts about the precise meaning of Euclidean space. I understand Euclidean space as the metric space (\mathbb{R}^n,d) where d is the usual distance d(x,y)=\sqrt{\sum_i(x_i-y_i)^2}. Now let's supose that we have our euclidean space (in 3D for simplicity) (\mathbb{R}^3,d)...

Homework Statement Let U be the topology on R^2 whose subbase is given with the set of all lines in R^2. Is U metrizable? The Attempt at a Solution If the set of all lines (let's call it L) in R^2 is a subbase of U, then the family of all finite intersections of L forms a basis for U...

Homework Statement Let X be an ordered set where every closed interval is compact. Prove that X has the least upper bound property. Homework Equations X having the least upper bound property means that every nonempty subset that is bounded from above has a least upper bound, in other...

Does anyone know of a modern book on algebriac topology developed in a purely categorical framework? I've been recommended Eilenberg and Steenrod (which I may end up getting regardless), but I'm looking for more recent developments in both material and pedagogy.

So, the list of required texts for my fall courses came out today and I found that my topology course is requiring this piece of crap: https://www.amazon.com/dp/1441928197/?tag=pfamazon01-20. Normally I'm not scared away by bad reviews, but in this case I can't help thinking that the instructor...

It is well known to mathematicians that the study of topology in 4-dimensions is more difficult than in higher dimensions due to a "lack of freedom". See for example http://hypercomplex.xpsweb.com/articles/146/en/pdf/01-09-e.pdf" Further, as mentioned in this article, some of the...

Anyone would like to help me?: I started learning some mathematics in university. I would like to start learning by my own topology. Anyone have a name of a good intro. book in the area?

Homework Statement Both {1,2}x Z+ and Z+ x {1,2} are well-ordered in the dictionary order. Are they of the same order type? Why or why not? Homework Equations To be of the same order type, we must be able to construct a bijection that preserves order, that is, x<y => f(x)<f(y)...

Hello, I've got a simple question is the product of closed sets closed in the product topology? I think the answer is yes but need to sure

Is there any relation between topology on manifold (which comes from \mathbb{R}^n) and topology induced form metric in case of Remanian manifold. What if we consider pseudoremaninan manifold.

How is the topology in C^n defined? is it correct to think of it like this: suppose the biyective map h:C^n\rightarrow R^{2n} given by h[(z_1,\ldots,z_n)]=(x_{11},x_{12},\ldots,x_{n1},x_{n2}) where z_i=(x_{i1},x_{i2}) then the topology of C^n is defined by declaring h to be an isometry.

I'm entering into a graduate statistics program in the coming year and don't really need either class for my Master's. However, I am considering applying for a Ph.D in mathematics in the future, but for now I want to take an elective math course for fun. I've already taken a year of Real...

Given a smooth manifold with no other structure (like a metric), one can define a derivative for a vector field called the Lie derivative. One can also define a Lie derivative for any tensor, including covectors. Incidentally, with antisymmetric covectors (differential forms) one can define...

Let (X; T ) be a topological space. Given the set Y and the function f : X \rightarrow Y , define U := {H\inY \mid f^{-1}(H)\in T} Show that U is the finest topology on Y with respect to which f is continuous. Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution I was wondering is...

Homework Statement Let X be a set and t & T be two topologies on X. Prove that if (X,t) is Hausdorff and (X, T) is Compact with t a subset of T, then t=T. (i.e., T is a subset of t).The Attempt at a Solution potentially useful theorem: (X,t) Hausdorff and X compact implies that each subset F...

Homework Statement Prove that the set of rational numbers with the relative topology as a subset of the real numbers is not locally compact Homework Equations none The Attempt at a Solution I am totally confused and want someone to give me a proof. I have looked at some stuff...

Homework Statement Let (X,\tau) be X = \mathbb{R} equipped with the topology generated by \EuScript{E} := \{[a,\infty) | a \in \mathbb{R} \}. Show that \tau = \{ \varnothing, \mathbb{R} \} \cup \{ [a,\infty), (a, \infty) | a \in \mathbb{R} \} Homework Equations A topology...

If X is a T1, 1st countable topological space and x is a limit point of A in X, then there exists a sequence {bn} in A whose limit is x. (I'm doing this class through independent study, and in this last session the prof decided we hadn't covered enough in the semester (even though we've...

I'm a Physics/Math major- and am setting up my degree plan I've posted a similar thread before but now I only have one math elective left (and a boatload of choices, all of which sound interesting) I've narrowed it down to either: Integral Calculus, Topology, or Theory of Ordinary...

1. The question is to show whether A is compact in R2 with the standard topology. A = [0,1]x{0} U {1/n, n\in Z+} x [0,1] 3. If I group the [0,1] together, I get [0,1] x {0,1/n, n \in Z+ }, and [0,1] is compact in R because of Heine Borel and {0}U{1/n} is compact since you can show that every...

Homework Statement Let (X,\tau_X) and (Y,\tau_Y) be topological spaces, and let f : X \to Y be continuous. Let Y be Hausdorff, and prove that the graph of f i.e. \graph(f) := \{ (x,f(x)) | x \in X \} is a closed subset of X \times Y. Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution...

For each n in N give examples of subspaces of R^n, which are homotopy equivalent but NOT homeomorphic to each other. Give reasons for your answer. I'm working along the lines of open and closed intervals in R and balls in R^n with n>1. Although I'm struggling with the reasoning. Any...