Cosmology's sole "rate of expansion" is declining

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In cosmology, the "rate of cosmic expansion" is quantitatively represented by the Hubble constant, which has been declining since the universe's expansion began. This decline is expected to continue but will level off at a positive long-term value, denoted as H∞, influenced by the cosmological constant, Λ. The current expansion rate is approximately 1/144% per million years, while H∞ is about 1/173% per million years. The discussion emphasizes the importance of using precise terminology to avoid confusion, particularly distinguishing between "expansion speed" and "expansion rate." Clear definitions and quantitative expressions are crucial for understanding cosmic expansion and its implications.
  • #51
Pizza said:
I thought, ∞ (infinite) is undefined. Isn't that a problem?

##\infty## is just being used as a handy label in this case; the physical meaning is "the value that the Hubble constant approaches in the very far future".
 
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  • #52
Bandersnatch said:
I'd rather say that accelerated expansion means the universe is approaching exponential expansion.
Here's the plot:
View attachment 91581
Thanks. The inflection point of the a-curve separates deceleration and acceleration. In case inflation is included the H-curve also should show an inflection point. But how would you describe its physical meaning? I don't see any.

I think that accelerated expansion means that the second derivative of the scale factor is positive, which includes exponential expansion.
 
  • #53
Thank you, Peter!
 
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