Finding the Magnitude of Displacement in a Mountain-Climbing Expedition

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To find the magnitude of displacement between camps A and B in a mountain-climbing expedition, start by determining the horizontal distance, which is 8400 meters. Use the height difference between the two camps as the other side of a right triangle. Apply the Pythagorean theorem, where the hypotenuse represents the displacement (r). The calculations suggest that the displacement is approximately 6524.71 meters, but verification of the steps is necessary for accuracy. Understanding these concepts will help clarify the problem-solving process.
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I am in no way trying to ask you to do this problem for me, i just need a little guidance, like where do i start and i feel like i should be able to figure out the rest. My textbook uses examples but when i the questions come up it looks completely different so i don't know where to start.

A mountain-climbing expedition establishes two intermediate camps, labeled A and B in the drawing, above the base camp. What is the magnitude r of the displacement between camp A and camp B?

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My thoughts about the question were (its hard to explain except on paper but ill try to show you what i thought to do): Displacement = (triangle)R = r - r(sub 0). I assumed that the distance from camp A and B is 8400 ( (Base Camp to camp B) - (Base Camp to Camp A). Then i made a line from the bottom point of the line under camp A diagonally up to camp B and that is the r(sub 0) line. I used a^2+b^2=c^2 to find out that r(sub 0) is 9724.71 and then i used 3200m as r and i did r - r(sub 0) = 6524.71 meters. But i have not clue if i did any of that right?? If you could let me know i would appreciate it.
 
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This is basically pythagoras' theorem. You have found the horizontal distance between the camps to be 8400m. The difference in height between the two will be the other side then r will be the hypotenuse which you can work out.
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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