Given force, need to determine what bearing to use for a crane

[salamikorv]

But only two or three bolts are holding down the side of the base furthest from the hook, where that moment can be of any real advantage.You mean more like 300 mm.

Ahh yea thats right hahaha my bad, then i get 6131N with PCD=300mm. I changed the geometry to a circle instead of a square by the way, why cant i have 8 bolts? Does it have to be 2 or 3?

 

[Baluncore]

I changed the baseplate geometry to a circle and not a square. I cant use 8 bolts? Why only 2-3?

You should use 8 bolts, but depending on the direction of the boom load, most will not be doing any real work.
The boom is a lever arm trying to overturn the base.

 

[salamikorv]

You should use 8 bolts, but depending on the direction of the boom load, most will not be doing any real work.
The boom is a lever arm trying to overturn the base.

I didnt understand the part with the boom load, where is that? Could you maybe draw it? Its not the force coming from the lift?

 

[salamikorv]

I got forces here aswell, do i have to do calculation based on them someway to get the forces acting on each bolt maybe and not only the lift load?

 

[Baluncore]

I didnt understand the part with the boom load, where is that? Could you maybe draw it? Its not the force coming from the lift?

The load hanging on the hook is not above the centre of the base.
Extend the line of the rope downwards, then measure the distance from the vertical axis of the base to that line. That is the radius to the load. That is effectively the boom of the crane.

The moment of the load, at that radius, is countered by the base. Some base forces are downwards, but on the side furthest from the load, the forces are upwards. The two or three bolts on that side are under tension.

I got forces here aswell, do i include them in someway?

I have no idea what is fixed and what is moving there.
You must draw and label a better diagram.

 

[erobz]

The load creates a moment $\circlearrowleft$ about the anchor.

The bolts farther away from the axis of rotation ( $\color{red}+$) tend to carry more load. Assuming only 2 of the farthest bolts balance the moment builds in a factor of safety.

You balance the moment from the bolts about the axis of rotation against your moment load. Then you use the proof strength of a desired grade bolt and calculated tensile load to calculate bolt cross-section.

 

[erobz]

Another thing, this is for the bearing, i got these calculations and i ended up with 0,7 revolutions....
And the text part is saying "choosing a ball bearing diameter of 35mm from SKF, bearing 16003 with C = 6,37kN" What should i do to fix this and get atleast a million revolutions or higher.View attachment 325008

What is going on in this calculation?

Please take a moment to learn how to use Latex to format your calculations so we can clearly see them. These grainy images of chicken scratch are annoying for someone trying to help you to interpret.

1) Why are you cutting the bearing load in each direction in half? Are there two bearings in each sheave?

2) For the $L_{10}$ life the units are millions of revolutions. I tried to point that out, it doesn't appear that it has sunk in.

 

[erobz]

View attachment 325009
I got forces here aswell, do i have to do calculation based on them someway to get the forces acting on each bolt maybe and not only the lift load?

I'm also suspicious of this force balance. Would share how you obtained them using the free body diagram of the boom?

 

[salamikorv]

I'm also suspicious of this force balance. Would share how you obtained them using the free body diagram of the boom?

Sorry for the late reply, theres only bending on that point, 15000Nm. So as you can see, the 20kN is in tension and then theres 30kN for the beam in the middle thats 30kN in compression. Do i use those to calculate the tension on each bolt or?

 

[erobz]

Sorry for the late reply, theres only bending on that point, 15000Nm. So as you can see, the 20kN is in tension and then theres 30kN for the beam in the middle thats 30kN in compression. Do i use those to calculate the tension on each bolt or?View attachment 325315
View attachment 325310View attachment 325311

Where is your free body diagram of the beam?

 

[salamikorv]

Where is your free body diagram of the beam?

My mate is responsible for the calculations of the beam, and he got that, so what i have for the bottomplate is this

 

[erobz]

My mate is responsible for the calculations of the beam, and he got that, so what i have for the bottomplate is thisView attachment 325317

Well, are you not able to do a FBD of the beam? It's always a good idea to check each other, and in this case I think it probably a really good idea.

 

[salamikorv]

Well, are you not able to do a FBD of the beam? It's always a good idea to check each other, and in this case I think it probably a really good idea.

I can but i dont have time to set my mind into doing the calculations for the beams, using s235, finding out the stresses for it, its going to take alot of time its not that easy. Whats important for my part is to determine the right bolts, and he gave me the forces thats acting on the plate and im not sure how to determine what bolts to use since those two forces act towards the middle point. Do you have an idea of what do to with those two forces to determine the right bolts? @Baluncore any ideas? I dont think i can use the formula you gave me before, it cant be that easy.

 

[erobz]

I can but i dont have time to set my mind into doing the calculations for the beams, using s235, finding out the stresses for it, its going to take alot of time its not that easy. Whats important for my part is to determine the right bolts, and he gave me the forces thats acting on the plate and im not sure how to determine what bolts to use since those two forces act towards the middle point. Do you have an idea of what do to with those two forces to determine the right bolts? @Baluncore any ideas? I dont think i can use the formula you gave me before, it cant be that easy.

You must get the correct forces before you can get the correct bolts. I'm not asking you to do the shear and moment diagrams for the beam, just a free body diagram of the forces acting on that beam.

 

[salamikorv]

You must get the correct forces before you can get the correct bolts. I'm not asking you to do the shear and moment diagrams for the beam, just a free body diagram of the forces acting on that beam.

They are correct, the forces he got is correct as our supervisors has checked them for us. If you can assume they are correct, how do i get the bolt tension?

 

[berkeman]

the forces he got is correct as our supervisors has checked them for us

What supervisors? Is this for a schoolwork project? Or are you tasked with doing this in real life at work?

 

[erobz]

What supervisors? Is this for a schoolwork project? Or are you tasked with doing this in real life at work?

I'm sensing this is a school project.

 

[salamikorv]

What supervisors? Is this for a schoolwork project? Or are you tasked with doing this in real life at work?

Yea its a school project, no its not for real life work. We get help from the studentassistents in the lectures all the time. They give us direct methods that we can use to make our parts, thats how i determined the bearings because its thanks to them. But ive been sick this week, still i am, so i havent been able to go to school and ask for help and its been difficult to understand how i can get the tension for the bolts when i have two forces directed in two different directions.

 

[berkeman]

Okay, thanks for the info. I'll move your thread to the schoolwork forums then. You will still get the same good help there.

 

[salamikorv]

Okay, thanks for the info. I'll move your thread to the schoolwork forums then. You will still get the same good help there.

Oh alright. @erobz can you still help?

 

[erobz]

Maybe I'm missing something or inferring too much about dimensions. Lets try a sanity check to see if that is indeed the loading on your base. Apply the loads your supervisors tell you are correct. Is the beam in equilibrium?

 

[salamikorv]

View attachment 325318

Maybe I'm missing something or inferring too much about dimensions. Lets try a sanity check to see if that is indeed the loading on your base. Apply the loads your supervisors tell you are correct. Is the beam in equilibrium?

Yes it is.

 

[erobz]

Yes it is.

what are the missing dimensions?

 

[salamikorv]

what are the missing dimensions?

1.5m to the left, i mean thats the length from the left end of the beam to the point where you drew the upward force, and 0.75m is the length thats left

 

[erobz]

1.5m to the left and 0.75m to the right

Explain how its in static equilibrium with an unbalanced horizontal force component from the support and the tension on the pulley?

 

[salamikorv]

Explain how its in static equilibrium with an unbalanced horizontal force component from the support and the tension on the pulley?

The beams are in static equilibrium since they are in rest state but yeah i guess with the pulleys its not in equilibrium once it starts to lift, when we stop the winch then its in static equilibrium.

 

[salamikorv]

What do you mean by an "unbalanced horizontal force"? Why cant you just assume the forces is right i dont really get this.

 

[erobz]

What do you mean by an "unbalanced horizontal force"?

The forces in the horizontal direction are unbalanced. The beam is not in static equilibrium with the loading your supervisors told you was correct.

Why cant you just assume the forces is right i dont really get this.

?? Do you wan't to find the actual loading on your mounting bracket?

 

[salamikorv]

The forces in the horizontal direction are unbalanced. The beam is not in static equilibrium with the loading your supervisors told you was correct.

?? Do you wan't to find the actual loading on your mounting bracket?

Im fine with the forces i have and what the studentassistant has told us, no offense by the way. I dont want to say my mates calculations are wrong since he has got alot of help from the assistants , if i asked for help of an exercise in my book with these information given would you just ignore the information given and find it yourself? (poorly explained but i think you understand what im saying here). Just assume its 30kN directed as i drew it and 20kN on the side like i drew it, its alright. All i wanna understand is how to determine the bolts.

 

[erobz]

Im fine with the forces i have and what the studentassistant has told us, no offense by the way. I dont want to say my mates calculations are wrong since he has got alot of help from the assistants , if i asked for help of an exercise in my book with these information given would you just ignore the information given and find it yourself? (poorly explained but i think you understand what im saying here). Just assume its 30kN directed as i drew it and 20kN on the side like i drew it, its alright. All i wanna understand is how to determine the bolts.

Sizing the bolts requires having as close to an accurate loading as reasonably possible. If you don't care about having accurate loads, then why do you care about sizing the bolts accurately?

Imagine for a moment you are an engineer and you are designing a bridge that your family will travel everyday, and many others families will travel... And you say, but I don't care about the loads being accurate, I just care about sizing these bolts that hold the bridge up...SMH.

Maybe I'm wrong. I'll just gracefully bow out and let someone else help you.

 

[salamikorv]

Sizing the bolts requires having as close to an accurate loading as reasonably possible. If you don't care about having accurate loads, then why do you care about sizing the bolts accurately?

Imagine for a moment you are an engineer and you are designing a bridge that your family will travel everyday, and many others families will travel... And you say, but I don't care about the loads being accurate, I just care about sizing these bolts that hold the bridge up...SMH.

Maybe I'm wrong. I'll just gracefully bow out and let someone else help you.

Hhahaha yeah but im pretty confident he hasnt done any mistakes. Look, i can discuss this with him later on but i came here to get help from the problems i got, and that is to determine the bolts. If you re-did the calculations and got something else thats fine, but im only for understanding how to get the bolts. I dont get why you are so passionate about re-doing it, theres plenty of cranes with those exact loads he got, why cant you just help me understand how to get dimension the bolts, not even the loading but the general steps as in the formulas like Baluncore showed, i didnt give him numbers but he showed one way of determing the bolts. Let the force thats in compression be called K, no number, and the other force Q, so i got two loads. What principle/method do i have to use in order to determine the bolts?
We dont have much time, im not going to use an hour to re-do his calculations in order for you to just show the method of determining bolts in a crane situation like this. Just having this conversation has been taking way more than an hour.

 

[salamikorv]

I have this crane that has to be able to lift a weight of maximum 1000kg. Its a type of a manual winch crane thats going to be able to rotate. I need help with the rotating part, i want to determine the bearings inside this rotating part and im thinking to use 2 bearings in there but im not sure if you can use welding on the edge of the bearings and make it stuck? And how i should determine them.

 

[salamikorv]

@erobz alright fine, we can re-do it then.

 

[hutchphd]

The bearing system will need to support both axial and radial loads. Why do you have four different bearing surfaces? Why are the two "bearings" so close together? What experience do you have in objects that weigh a ton? Perhaps you can work with someone locally.

es

 

[Baluncore]

I backed out at post #40, after the base went from square to round, without rational discussion. I now know this is a poorly organised school exercise, we were dealing with a hidden committee, while communicating through a bottleneck. It is still my opinion that, without clear labelled drawings, discussion is a waste of time.