Halliday, Resnick & Krane Chapter 5: Force on Pulley

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To solve for the tension in the pulley system, the equations for both masses m1 and m2 are established, showing that the force on the pulley equals twice the tension. The equations are combined to express tension in terms of acceleration and gravitational force. A question arises about the definition of acceleration and whether both masses experience the same acceleration. Clarification on these points is needed to proceed with the solution. Understanding the relationship between the masses and their acceleration is crucial for solving the problem effectively.
vibha_ganji
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Homework Statement
Someone exerts a force F directly up on the axle of the pulley shown in Fig. 5-45. Consider the pulley and string to be massless and the bearing frictionless. Two objects, m1 of mass 1.2 kg and m2 of mass 1.9 kg, are attached as shown to the opposite ends of the string, which passes over the pulley. The object m2 is in contact with the floor. (a) What is the largest value the force FB may have so that m2 will remain at rest on the floor? (b) What is the tension in the string if the upward force F is 110 N? (c) With the tension determined in part (b), what is the acceleration of m1?
Relevant Equations
F=ma
Force on pulley = 2(tension)
As the force on a pulley is equal to twice the tension, I just have to find the tension to solve part A. To do so, I first wrote the equations for both m1 and m2.

m1 * a = T - m1g

m2 * a = T + N - m2g

The tension must have the same values for both equations so I added both equations to find the tension.

m1a + m2a = 2T + N - g(m1 + m2)
a(m1+m2) + g(m1+m2) = 2T + N

(a+g)(m1+m2) - N = 2T

I’m not sure what to do next. Can I have a hint?
F3E23044-B23C-487C-A296-375AD1023D15.jpeg
 
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vibha_ganji said:
m1 * a = T - m1g

m2 * a = T + N - m2g
How are you defining a? Will the masses have the same acceleration?
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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