How to relate force to the z-axis

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In statics, to express force in the z-direction, the same principles apply as with the x and y components, utilizing the relationships of a right triangle. For a triangle with legs of 24 and 7 units and a hypotenuse of 25, the components can be calculated directly as ratios of the triangle's sides, such as using Fy = F(7/25) instead of sine. The choice of legs for the z-axis depends on the orientation of the vector in the Cartesian coordinate system. In the case of F1, which lies in the y-z plane, the components are derived from the triangle's dimensions, leading to F1 = 630((7/25)j - (24/25)k). Understanding these relationships is crucial for resolving forces accurately in three-dimensional statics problems.
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Homework Statement


Im having trouble understanding parts about the z-axis for my statics class. You know how Fx=FcosΘ and Fy=FsinΘ. How do you express force in the z direction? And also if I have a right triangle with a leg of 24 units and a leg of 7 units and a hypotenuse of 25. I see they can skip using cosΘ and sinΘ in the force equations and can just use for example Fy=F(7/25) instead of using sin. Which legs would you choose for z-axis?

I attached an image and I am not sure i it showed up. And you can see I am trying resolve the F1 force in Cartesian vector form They have F1=630((7/25)j-(24/25)k). So I am wondering how they choose those legs for the z-axis force?

statics.jpg


Homework Equations



shownn above

The Attempt at a Solution


none so far
 
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F1 is in the y-z plane. The 7-24-25 triangle attached to the vector arrow shows how the components fall out.

For F2, the angles which the vector make with each of the coordinate axes are shown.
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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