Near the End of A PhD and Have No Job

[Choppy]

Honestly we should be telling people that they shouldn't do physics because there are no jobs in the field.

Where are you getting your data?

Whenever I look up statistics on such things, it seems that physics majors and physics PhDs tend to do quite well in comparison with other majors, and certainly better than national averages.

Some sites of interest:
http://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes192012.htm
https://www.cap.ca/careers/home/employmentprospects.html
http://www.physicstoday.org/jobs/about_jobs
http://www.aip.org/statistics/catalog.html

 

[ParticleGrl]

Whenever I look up statistics on such things, it seems that physics majors and physics PhDs tend to do quite well in comparison with other majors, and certainly better than national averages.

The problem is that salary comparisons are likely apples and oranges, and physics has a much larger standard deviation than many other majors/phd disciplines. Consider- I'm a physics phd, and I'm near the middle of the salary distribution for recent physics phds (which excludes postdocs, so I'm probably WAY above the "real" median) with a job bartending. Yes, salary wise I do quite well compared to the national average, but if I never get another job, was the phd useful for me economically? Of course not.

Further, people don't get phds because they want money, they hope for a career somehow related to physics. I know I did it because I wanted a job where I could actually do physics. Few people get a physics phd because of their life-long ambition to work in insurance or finance. If I end up in the hospitality industry, daveyrocket ends up programming for a living, etc, we'll do fine financially, BUT the physics phd will have in no way helped us. I would have done much better going straight into bartending from college (or better yet, dropping out of college to bartend). In the APS surveys, only 20-30% of recent phds claim to use physics knowledge in their jobs, and most of those are postdocs. To me, that number is more important than the salary numbers.

 

[jk]

The problem is that salary comparisons are likely apples and oranges, and physics has a much larger standard deviation than many other majors/phd disciplines. Consider- I'm a physics phd, and I'm near the middle of the salary distribution for recent physics phds (which excludes postdocs, so I'm probably WAY above the "real" median) with a job bartending. Yes, salary wise I do quite well compared to the national average, but if I never get another job, was the phd useful for me economically? Of course not.

Further, people don't get phds because they want money, they hope for a career somehow related to physics. I know I did it because I wanted a job where I could actually do physics. Few people get a physics phd because of their life-long ambition to work in insurance or finance. If I end up in the hospitality industry, daveyrocket ends up programming for a living, etc, we'll do fine financially, BUT the physics phd will have in no way helped us. I would have done much better going straight into bartending from college (or better yet, dropping out of college to bartend). In the APS surveys, only 20-30% of recent phds claim to use physics knowledge in their jobs, and most of those are postdocs. To me, that number is more important than the salary numbers.

That is something that you will have to come to grips with sooner or later. But you may be surprised at how different other fields are when you look at them from the inside. Also what you think of as "life long" ambitions may change.

I have a BS in physics and have been working in industry for a few years now. None of the jobs I've had were remotely related to physics - it was mostly software. That is not what I set out to do initially but that is what was out there in industry. I don't regret any of it - in fact, it broadened the way I look at things. When I decided to major in physics, I was aware that there were few jobs for someone with just a BS in it. But I went ahead anyway - I tried engineering and hated it. I felt was mostly cranking the handle without understanding how things worked. I was attracted to physics for two reasons: 1. I was interested in finding out how the world works, 2. I enjoyed problem solving. I was able to do the latter in my jobs.

Now, I didn't invest as much time as you did into my physics education. Things may look different when you spend 10 years as opposed to four studying a field. But look at it this way: Between bartending, software (which is a huge field) and finance, which one uses the parts of the brain that physics does (to put it crudely) and is more similar to physics than the others? The answers probably depend on the individual. For me it was software, although I eventually ended up doing financial software. If you're not willing to move to get a job doing physics and there are few physics jobs in the areas you want to live in, what are your options? Why not try out software or finance?

 

[jk]

It's easy to say that it should have been taken with a grain of salt, but for some crazy mixed-up reason I thought I should have been able to trust my advisors in their perspective on careers. If I had been more skeptical, I definitely wouldn't have gotten a PhD in physics. Honestly we should be telling people that they shouldn't do physics because there are no jobs in the field.
Huh? Of course it doesn't mean you know everything, I never claimed that it did so I don't know what you are talking about.

Getting a PhD in any field comes with a tremendous opportunity cost. But if you get a PhD in just about any field of engineering, there is an industrial field you can go into. Same with chemistry, biology, geology, statistics, psychology, etc. Of course you're not guaranteed a job, and of course maybe you'll go into another field, but at least there are jobs in the field that value degrees in that field. Not so in physics.
Yeah I'm not worried. I will probably end up doing programming. But I knew how to do that before I went to graduate school, which will make my graduate education a complete waste. Really if I wanted to spend my life as a programmer, I'd have already gone into that field. I did physics because I wanted something different.

I don't think we should tell people not to do physics but I do think they should be given career advice and guidance early in the program. Engineering departments generally do a better job of this. Physics department hardly do anything to prepare their students for the world.

By the way, engineers are also having a hard time in this economy. The pain is across the board - not just in physics.

You say you will probably end up doing programming. But you may not realize that you have a wider selection of programming jobs available to you as a physics PhD than I do with a BS or even someone with a CS degree because you have additional skills that we don't have (or at least it should be easy to convince an employer of this, which is all that matters). So in that way, your PhD is not a waste. At any rate, I suspect that you got your PhD because you enjoy physics and not just to get a job.

 

[twofish-quant]

You do your research and find out what kind of work the compay does.

Which creates some interesting situations when you don't know what company you are applying to. In the fields I'm familiar with, the hiring goes through headhunters which means that you really have no clue who are you are applying to.

I don't think it is true in all cases that your time as Ph.D is counted as work experience. Nor do I think that it is common that Ph.D's work for Ph.D's.

It's pretty common to me. The industries that I've worked in have tended to be Ph.D heavy.

It is relevant what the hiring manager wants. Also, I think it is always good to go to interviews even if you have no hope of getting the job. I am sick in that I enjoy interviews because they give me insights into the company and industry. More information is always better.

If that works for you, that's wonderful. It doesn't work for me. Preparing for an interview is *extremely* time intensive. It's also psychologically difficult. I'm by nature cynical and pessimistic, but when I go into the interview room, I want to put on a good show, and emphasize the optimistic, happy bits. It takes a lot of mental energy for me to put on a good show, and I'm not going to do it unless there is a chance that it will lead to a job.

If there is really no chance of me getting a job, and I'm just looking for information, then it's better if we skip the interview and just have lunch. One reason for this is that when you go in for an interview, there is some psychological distance. The interviewer doesn't want to be your friend because at the end of the day, he is going to have to tell a few people that they just aren't going to get the job, and that person may be you. If there is no job on the table, then that psychological distance is unnecessary, and we can go out for lunch and become each others friends. Also if there is a job on the table, I'm not going to tell you my dirty secrets, and you aren't going to tell me yours. If there is no job and we are just talking, then we can be more like humans instead of corporate machines.

The other thing is that more information is not always better. Looking for work is a full time job, and any information that doesn't help me get the job is irrelevant and a waste of my time. Also sometimes you just need one critical bit of information. If no one is hiring, then that's the information I need so I give up at that field and go for another one.

Funny enough, I have had the same happen to me in oil and gas and finance. I have also been rejected for jobs in finance and oil and gas because I didn't have some skill or experience they were looking for. So it's not industry specific but job specific.

Also it's depends on the economy. The company wants someone that can juggle chainsaws while walking on water. In a tight labor market, they won't be able to get that so they'll have to settle. It will kill you not to have some experience, only if they can find someone else at the same price with that experience. Unfortunately, right now there are so many people getting laid off that companies can get the perfect employee cheap.

The way I look at it, optimism means that you have hope even if your situation is bleak.

Sometimes you really need to face reality and realize that you are in a hopeless situation. Sometimes it's good to realize that you are doomed because it keeps you from wasting energy on something that just won't work and focus on something that will.

I think that one reason I've ended up with such positive feelings toward my Ph.D. is that pretty early on, I realized that I had no chance of getting a research professorship so I then gave up and worked on something else. Hope can also be painful and there is something soothing and comforting in just giving up.

Also, if you are out of work for a week or even a month, then you can keep being optimistic. At some point as the months roll by, you start become delusional if you keep hoping, and being delusional is not a good way of dealing with reality.

I have been there and the best I know how to deal with it is to have something else that keeps you sane. I used to read math books.

Different people cope in different ways.

 

[twofish-quant]

It's easy to say that it should have been taken with a grain of salt, but for some crazy mixed-up reason I thought I should have been able to trust my advisors in their perspective on careers. If I had been more skeptical, I definitely wouldn't have gotten a PhD in physics.

One reason I have had positive experiences is that I didn't trust my advisers. If the NSF was actively lying to me, then I knew that what my advisers said would be given with a grain of salt. Conversely, one thing that I think is also positive is that my advisers never gave me any advice on careers. They gave me a lot of emotional support, but when it came to industrial careers, they admitted their own general cluenessless. The one professor that had some specific insights was the one that kept track of what happened to Ph.D.'s in our departments, and she didn't try to provide advice, only data.

Also just looking at the statistics and stories made me feel a lot better. It's like not winning the lottery. Nothing wrong with buying a ticket, but you shouldn't feel *guilty* if it doesn't pay off. The other thing is that knowing that X didn't get a faculty position made me feel better since X was better that I was, and if X couldn't do it, then I shouldn't feel bad if I didn't.

Honestly we should be telling people that they shouldn't do physics because there are no jobs in the field.

We should be sharing experiences and letting people figure out what to do. Also one reason that I've been able to feel good about what I'm doing is that I've been able to convince myself that what I'm doing is physics. I probably won't be able to convince you, but that doesn't matter.

Of course you're not guaranteed a job, and of course maybe you'll go into another field, but at least there are jobs in the field that value degrees in that field. Not so in physics.

So what? I hate mental silos.

\Really if I wanted to spend my life as a programmer, I'd have already gone into that field. I did physics because I wanted something different.

I'm left my Ph.D. being a *FAR* better programmer that I came going in. The thing about programming is that there are different levels of programming skill. Also the programming that I did was pretty close to the bleeding edge.

 

[twofish-quant]

Few people get a physics phd because of their life-long ambition to work in insurance or finance.

Sure, but my ambition was to be an intellectual and lead the "life of the mind" and have a life full of adventure. Got that.

BUT the physics phd will have in no way helped us.

And my situation is different. I think part of it is that for me my Ph.D. is more important than my job. The important thing in my life was that I got a Ph.D.

 

[daveyrocket]

And my situation is different. I think part of it is that for me my Ph.D. is more important than my job. The important thing in my life was that I got a Ph.D.

It was for me too, when I got it. But after that it felt like a hollow, costly victory. The importance of the PhD for me eroded especially quickly when it came time to looking for jobs and realizing how badly I had dropped the ball by choosing physics.

I'm left my Ph.D. being a *FAR* better programmer that I came going in. The thing about programming is that there are different levels of programming skill. Also the programming that I did was pretty close to the bleeding edge.

I didn't. But I was a pretty good programmer when I went into my PhD. And my skills developed some, mostly because of doing things in my spare time that had nothing to do with physics. But thanks to physics, I learned that numerical programming is nearly as boring and annoying as web development. Of course, if I had gone into programming, I'd have spent 40 hours a week professionally doing it for 8 years and I'd be much more abreast of current technologies, etc.

I don't think we should tell people not to do physics but I do think they should be given career advice and guidance early in the program. Engineering departments generally do a better job of this. Physics department hardly do anything to prepare their students for the world.

By the way, engineers are also having a hard time in this economy. The pain is across the board - not just in physics.

Engineering jobs exist though. I know it's tough for them, but someone with a degree in mechanical engineering who lives in a big city can go onto indeed or monster and type in "mechanical engineer" and find jobs to apply for. If you do that with physics, nearly every job that comes up that isn't academic comes up because it's asking for a degree in "engineering, physics, chemistry, or related field." Nearly every industrial job a physicist can do, an engineer can do, and the engineers also ave a boatload of jobs that are 'closer to home,' so to speak.

You say you will probably end up doing programming. But you may not realize that you have a wider selection of programming jobs available to you as a physics PhD than I do with a BS or even someone with a CS degree because you have additional skills that we don't have (or at least it should be easy to convince an employer of this, which is all that matters). So in that way, your PhD is not a waste.

That a degree opens doors in a field that I've already tried and realized I don't like doesn't convince me that the degree is useful. Especially when you consider the type of programming you do in physics sucks nearly as bad as web development.

Anyway, you're not thinking about the opportunity cost. Of course having my PhD in physics is better than having spent that time in jail, but if I had gone into software (or any other field) after my BS or MS then I'd have 7-8 years of experience in the field, a network of contacts in the industry, I'd probably be able to afford a car that isn't 20 years old (1991 Toyota Corolla LE, baby!) and I might even own a house instead of having spent years living in crappy one bedroom apartments. A PhD doesn't compare to that.

At any rate, I suspect that you got your PhD because you enjoy physics and not just to get a job.

I felt that way when I got into the PhD program. But years of working on complicated but useless projects that no one outside a small circle of academics will ever care about has slowly and painfully crushed that feeling. I don't enjoy physics any more and I doubt I ever will, and I certainly will never look back at my experience in graduate school with anything but contempt.

 

[jk]

Engineering jobs exist though. I know it's tough for them, but someone with a degree in mechanical engineering who lives in a big city can go onto indeed or monster and type in "mechanical engineer" and find jobs to apply for. If you do that with physics, nearly every job that comes up that isn't academic comes up because it's asking for a degree in "engineering, physics, chemistry, or related field." Nearly every industrial job a physicist can do, an engineer can do, and the engineers also ave a boatload of jobs that are 'closer to home,' so to speak.It was for me too, when I got it. But after that it felt like a hollow, costly victory. The importance of the PhD for me eroded especially quickly when it came time to looking for jobs and realizing how badly I had dropped the ball by choosing physics.
I didn't. But I was a pretty good programmer when I went into my PhD. And my skills developed some, mostly because of doing things in my spare time that had nothing to do with physics. But thanks to physics, I learned that numerical programming is nearly as boring and annoying as web development. Of course, if I had gone into programming, I'd have spent 40 hours a week professionally doing it for 8 years and I'd be much more abreast of current technologies, etc.

Out of curiousity, I went to indeed.com and typed in "Physics Phd" and got 3000 hits. For engineering PhD, I got 10000. Now, this isn't a scientific survey and there is a lot of overlap in between both sets but the a ratio of 3/10 isn't bad. Physics was never, and I mean never, a field that produced as many jobs as engineering.

That a degree opens doors in a field that I've already tried and realized I don't like doesn't convince me that the degree is useful. Especially when you consider the type of programming you do in physics sucks nearly as bad as web development.

When I mentioned programming, I was simply trying to give my experience. Of course, if you can't stand it, then it's not much help. Out of curiosity, have you worked in software (outside of school)? What kind of programming have you done?

Funny enough, I was contemptuous of software too(and the few courses I had taken in school). Once I got into the field through a long, circuitous way, I found that my view was nowhere near the reality. I tell you this not to convince you that it is a field you should enter but to tell you my experiences so that you can maybe benefit from it.

Anyway, you're not thinking about the opportunity cost. Of course having my PhD in physics is better than having spent that time in jail, but if I had gone into software (or anssy other field) after my BS or MS then I'd have 7-8 years of experience in the field, a network of contacts in the industry, I'd probably be able to afford a car that isn't 20 years old (1991 Toyota Corolla LE, baby!) and I might even own a house instead of having spent years living in crappy one bedroom apartments. A PhD doesn't compare to that.

The opportunity cost of getting a PhD in physics is always higher than the typical alternatives like software, engineering or an MBA. I have friends that went on to get an MBA and are doing fabulously. I took a couple of MBA classes and t found that with the exception of a couple economics classes they were unbelievably vacuous and easy. They were also deadly boring and I couldn't see myself doing that kind of stuff. But companies do pay for it, especially if you get the MBA from a well regarded school.

I felt that way when I got into the PhD program. But years of working on complicated but useless projects that no one outside a small circle of academics will ever care about has slowly and painfully crushed that feeling. I don't enjoy physics any more and I doubt I ever will, and I certainly will never look back at my experience in graduate school with anything but contempt.

If you don't enjoy physics anymore then why look for a job in physics? The analytical and quantitative skills you developed over the years of your PhD are highly valued in industry and can be very lucrative. The catch is that those jobs are not advertised as "disillusioned physics PhD" or something like that.

 

[twofish-quant]

It was for me too, when I got it. But after that it felt like a hollow, costly victory. The importance of the PhD for me eroded especially quickly when it came time to looking for jobs and realizing how badly I had dropped the ball by choosing physics.

For me, getting a Ph.D. was to finish off a family curse. Due to some reasons beyond his control, my father was unable to finish his Ph.D., which meant that it was planned that I'd finish mine. The weird thing was that I didn't realize that this was the plan until long after I got my Ph.D., my father had passed away, and I was looking at some old letters.

But because of my environment, whether I got a job is irrelevant. I got the Ph.D. and therefore could declare victory.

I didn't. But I was a pretty good programmer when I went into my PhD. And my skills developed some, mostly because of doing things in my spare time that had nothing to do with physics. But thanks to physics, I learned that numerical programming is nearly as boring and annoying as web development.

I actually find numerical programming soothing and relaxing. This is one reason that I get paid large amounts of money. It's a supply and demand thing, and the number of people that can spend a month debugging several thousand lines of badly written optimization code to find out that there is one line that needs to be changed isn't huge.

This is why software/finance firms hire physics Ph.D.'s. It's assumed that if you have a physics Ph.D., you don't hate numerical programming and you are willing to do it 60 hours a week and spend weeks tracking down bugs. If this isn't true, then you have a problem.

Of course, if I had gone into programming, I'd have spent 40 hours a week professionally doing it for 8 years and I'd be much more abreast of current technologies, etc.

For numerical stuff there latest technologies involve multi-core and GPU. Multi-core/GPU/cloud computing requires that a ton of programs be totally rewritten. Which is cool. Also, what's really, really cool is that we are increasing compute power by 1000x. Right now we are just using the new tech with old systems and processes. There's got to be a way of doing stuff that we didn't imagine before.

If you do that with physics, nearly every job that comes up that isn't academic comes up because it's asking for a degree in "engineering, physics, chemistry, or related field." Nearly every industrial job a physicist can do, an engineer can do, and the engineers also ave a boatload of jobs that are 'closer to home,' so to speak.

That's not true. One problem is that the jobs that are specially tailored to Ph.D.'s tend to be clustered in a small number of places. If you go into any major city, you'll find jobs for mechanical engineers. The jobs for astrophysics Ph.D.'s are clustered in only a few cities. For finance, it's NYC. For oil/gas, it's Houston. For defense, it's Los Alamos/Oak Ridge.

Also, I don't think that the supply/demand is that different. There are a lot more jobs for engineers, but there are a lot more engineers.

Especially when you consider the type of programming you do in physics sucks nearly as bad as web development.

If you hate physics programming, you are going to have a terrible, terrible time finding jobs in industry. If you go into an interview for most theoretical physics Ph.D. jobs, and the interviewer senses that you hate numerical programming, then game over. You can fake liking programming, but if you can fake not hating numerical programming then you can't hate it that much.

Something that has helped me a lot is that when someone mentions C++, my eyes light up, and I can talk your ear off about the limitations of template meta-programming in numerical code. Faking interest is impossible, because if you can fake interest that means that you are interested.

Of course having my PhD in physics is better than having spent that time in jail, but if I had gone into software (or any other field) after my BS or MS then I'd have 7-8 years of experience in the field, a network of contacts in the industry, I'd probably be able to afford a car that isn't 20 years old (1991 Toyota Corolla LE, baby!) and I might even own a house instead of having spent years living in crappy one bedroom apartments. A PhD doesn't compare to that.

I managed to get most of that with my Ph.D. Also, the reason I get $$$$ is that the number of people that can tolerate working for large periods of time on nasty numerical code is rather small. You can hand me six pages of greek equations, ten thousand lines of badly written code, and give me a few days, and I'll find the problem.

In every software company, I've worked at most programming ends up being extremely tedious debugging, and if you can't stand that, then I really don't see how you are going to survive in that world. If you go into an interview, and the interviewer senses that you can't tolerate painful debugging, you aren't going to get the job.

One other thing. I try to keep my expenses low. Doing Black-Scholes is okay, but my heart is really in stuff like numerical relativity and supernova models. The lower my expenses, the more money I have in the bank, and the sooner I can quit and go back to being a graduate student. I've worked out the numbers, and I figure that I should be able to go back into astrophysics within the next decade.

I felt that way when I got into the PhD program. But years of working on complicated but useless projects that no one outside a small circle of academics will ever care about has slowly and painfully crushed that feeling.

Some of that is sales and marketing. Why should a Wall Street bank care about neutrino radiation hydrodynamics. Well... This is the equation for multigroup flux limited diffusion. This is the black scholes equation with Heston local volatility. Looks the same. Now consider that there are tens of billions of dollars of transactions that depend on solving the latter equation in near real time.

Got your attention? Also one fun thing is that people in finance are *extremely* concerned about round off errors, so you get into huge esoteric discussions about hardware floating point handling. The reason is that the sums of money are large enough so that a "round off error" could end up being several million dollars. I've been in situations where I've had to spend two to three months tracking down a round off error so that we could put new code into production. It's painful and ugly, and 99% of the people in the world will go insane rather than doing that sort of thing, but that's why physics Ph.D.'s get hired.

If you don't care, what can I do to make you care? If it doesn't seem important, what can I to to make it important?

I don't enjoy physics any more and I doubt I ever will, and I certainly will never look back at my experience in graduate school with anything but contempt.

The worst thing about graduate school was that it ended, and the best thing about my current job is that it feels a lot like graduate school with more money. One thing that makes it similar is the moments of glory. You spend weeks tracking down this one bug, and it's driving you insane. Finally, you think you got it. You keep your hopes down because this is the sixth thing that you tried. You do something ridiculously tiny like changing a >= to a >. You run the compiler, crank up the test harness, and it works. You try a few more things, and you got it. So you savor the moment, and those two minutes when you know you've got it makes the previous weeks of pain worthwhile.

Then you cross off one bug, make a note on the "things to remember when you write your self-evaluation at the end of the year" and move to the next bug... :-) :-) :-)

 

[ParticleGrl]

The analytical and quantitative skills you developed over the years of your PhD are highly valued in industry and can be very lucrative.

WHERE? WHAT INDUSTRIES? I keep asking, and other than finance jobs in NYC and programming (which is a stretch, I have only a smattering of c++ and fortran 77, fortran is not in high demand) there are literally no suggestions. I'm applying to anything I think I can get myself prepared for, as far as job interviews go, and its been more than a year with 0 offers. What industry values a broad analytical and quantitative background?

Part of the frustration is that I believed statements like the one above for years, I finished my phd, and find out that no industry values the skills I spent years developing. Now I'm scrambling to acquire new skills as fast as possible in the hopes of finding employment more mentally stimulating than tending bar.

 

[JDGates]

WHERE? WHAT INDUSTRIES? I keep asking, and other than finance jobs in NYC and programming (which is a stretch, I have only a smattering of c++ and fortran 77, fortran is not in high demand) there are literally no suggestions.

On the very first page of this thread you were active in discussion of other industries. But for anyone just jumping into the thread, I'll throw out some:

Management consulting, defense/aerospace analysis, logistics management, air traffic control management, nuclear regulation, systems engineering, oil/gas, patent research, risk analysis, education.

I personally know physics PhDs who have gotten jobs in almost all of those fields without programming as a primary responsibility.

And of course the obvious industry options for those who did condensed matter, AMO, and biophysics, which is neither you nor me.

Is the economy crummy? Yes. Are PhDs still being hired into these jobs? Yes.

I know you're frustrated, but this kind of thing:

I finished my phd, and find out that no industry values the skills I spent years developing.

is just counterfactual.

Look, when I finished my PhD my job decision came down to two offers. For both companies, the entire formal requirement was a PhD in a technical field. Now, I had to show them that I was a reasonably good researcher, that I had good communications skills, and all that. But the subject matter I studied had absolutely nothing to do with it, and a programming background was not required (general data analysis was). And I know that both of those companies are hiring fresh PhDs right now.

Anecdotal? Absolutely. But that's pretty much what this thread is, and anecdotes from those in the industry should weigh a little heavier than anecdotes from jobseekers.

Oh, and while we're here:

In the APS surveys, only 20-30% of recent phds claim to use physics knowledge in their jobs, and most of those are postdocs. To me, that number is more important than the salary numbers.

Huh. In the AIP statistics I'm looking at, 79% of new PhDs in "potentially permanent" jobs say their position involves "basic physics principles", and 53% say it involves "advanced physics principles". 96% say that "a physics PhD is an appropriate background for this position". Cites:

http://aip.org/statistics/trends/highlite/emp3/table4.htm

http://aip.org/statistics/trends/highlite/emp3/table5.htm

Care to share the source of your numbers?

 

[elkement]

This is an extremely interesting quote:

Sure, but my ambition was to be an intellectual and lead the "life of the mind" and have a life full of adventure. Got that.

And my situation is different. I think part of it is that for me my Ph.D. is more important than my job. The important thing in my life was that I got a Ph.D

twofish-quant, I can really relate a lot to what you say - but this quote nails down an important difference:

I would rather work in a role less intellectual, live a life building trivial stuff, and rather calculate things based on undergraduate physics knowledge instead of solving very tricky PDEs - as long as I might be able to call myself a physicist or an engineer (In my country physics and engineering are considered not so far from each other as in the US - if I read the threads here correcly).

It seems many younger students here admire theoretical physicists and want to go for the pure intellectual mind-boggling challenge - when I was an undergraduate my idol was http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacGyver" .

The PhD was a starting point for this, a means to an end, a pre-requisite. I would not have done that if I would not have been employed the university at the same time - employed for doing a job that included similar "boring and less intellectually challenging" duties than what would have been required in industry (such as project management).

 

[elkement]

Management consulting, defense/aerospace analysis, logistics management, air traffic control management, nuclear regulation, systems engineering, oil/gas, patent research, risk analysis, education.

I personally know physics PhDs who have gotten jobs in almost all of those fields without programming as a primary responsibility.

I agree. From my anecdotal evidence in Europe I know that the typical physicists' skills are most valued by companies in these areas that offer trainee programs for graduates or young professionals. These companies value your general skills so much that they will pay you for taking the post-PhD training specific to an industry sector.

E.g. a colleague of mine was hired as a trainee in a pharmaceutical company, the requirements were basically a degree in natural sciences or engineering (not necessarily physics - thus there was competion from graduates in probably more specific fields) and those infamous problem solving and analytical skills.

The job included the analysis of manufacturing processes and mapping them onto IT tools to be acquired from an external company - no programming involved.

 

[Locrian]

Huh. In the AIP statistics I'm looking at,

http://aip.org/statistics/trends/hig...mp3/table4.htm

http://aip.org/statistics/trends/hig...mp3/table5.htm

Readers who see tables like that are encouraged to answer the following questions:

• What year was the data taken?

• What percentage of all awarded PhD's were sampled?

• What percentage of the sample actually responded?

• What percentage of responses actually came from the individuals themselves, as opposed to their advisors?

The answers can have a huge impact on the validity of the stats and how you interpret the results.

 

[JDGates]

The answers can have a huge impact on the validity of the stats and how you interpret the results.

Indeed. And when ParticleGrl comes back with a citation, we can all play a fun game of "handwave away the other person's statistics by casting vague aspersions on the methodology".

 

[Locrian]

Yes, you can do that, but I don't know why you would, as it isn't very productive.

 

[Choppy]

I think it's a valid point to question any data on such topics. (There are three kinds of lies afterall: (1) lies, (2) damned lies and (3) statistics.)

But even with those questions, I don't think it's fair to dismiss the AIP numbers entirely. Other surveys have found similar results and the fluctuations have not been all that huge over time. To report a result of 96% when the real value is more like 20% you'd have to have a seriously flawed study.

 

[JDGates]

Yes, you can do that, but I don't know why you would, as it isn't very productive.

But you were getting the game off to such a good start! Especially the advisor one.

Anyway, these data really aren't relevant to the question addressed in the thread. I was more interested in not letting a frustrated ParticleGrl make an easily-checked quantitative assertion that might mislead.

 

[daveyrocket]

Out of curiousity, I went to indeed.com and typed in "Physics Phd" and got 3000 hits. For engineering PhD, I got 10000. Now, this isn't a scientific survey and there is a lot of overlap in between both sets but the a ratio of 3/10 isn't bad. Physics was never, and I mean never, a field that produced as many jobs as engineering.

Throughout my undergrad and phd, I was bombarded with the attitude the physics is a versatile degree, especially compared to alternatives. But it really isn't (see twofish's statements about how jobs for physicists are only located a few cities around the world).

If you look at those jobs, most of the non-academic ones require a "PhD in physics, engineering, geoscience, etc. or related field," so they don't care what your PhD is in. I've applied to several of those types of jobs and gotten nowhere. (and yes I've done the resume-tailoring stuff, etc.) The jobs that you actually see for physicists are ones that require very specific skills that don't seem to be very common in academia, at least not as far as I am aware of. I see medical physics and optics come up a lot, and I've never even met anyone in those fields. I see a handful of experimental condensed matter techniques are listed that I don't think get done by physicists nearly as much as engineers.

Also, the numbers change quite a bit if you restrict the location you search in. If I search for "physics" in sacramento, ca (where I live) I get 51 jobs, if I search for "engineering" I get 1800 jobs. I never could have predicted it when I was younger, but now I find the main thing I really care about with whatever job I get is where I live, much more so than what I actually end up doing. In that respect, a physics degree turned out to be an extremely bad choice for me.

And of course the obvious industry options for those who did condensed matter, AMO, and biophysics, which is neither you nor me.

I've interviewed for a couple of industry jobs that were actually fairly closely related to my PhD research (condensed matter theory). What I found was that I was mostly speaking with people with engineering backgrounds and they were less than impressed with the rather academic and non-practical nature of my research. I got the feeling that they really preferred engineers.

I interviewed with one large company for three different jobs, and the one I got an offer for was a software position. I didn't get an offer for the other two jobs that were closely related to what I learned in my PhD research.

When I mentioned programming, I was simply trying to give my experience. Of course, if you can't stand it, then it's not much help. Out of curiosity, have you worked in software (outside of school)? What kind of programming have you done?

I worked as a contractor for about a year, mostly doing web development but with a small variety of other projects mixed in. My real problem with software (aside from just not liking it very much) is I've developed back problems that are exacerbated by sitting at the computer all day, especially if I'm programming.

If you don't enjoy physics anymore then why look for a job in physics? The analytical and quantitative skills you developed over the years of your PhD are highly valued in industry and can be very lucrative. The catch is that those jobs are not advertised as "disillusioned physics PhD" or something like that.

Well I'm not really, not any more. For a while I was because I desperately wanted to hold onto the notion that getting my PhD wasn't a complete waste. And I believed, or at least rationalized, that that sort of thing would be a good stepping stone out of academia. I could get into a big company, work doing physics for a while, if I still decided I hated it I would have a much easier time moving around within the company or finding another job.

Anyway, I don't get the feeling that those skills are highly valued. Or that they are, but employers would prefer they come from people with degrees in more applied fields, because perhaps they have a prejudice against me that I'm too academic. The idea that physicists have these strong analytical skills that engineers or applied mathematicians or statisticians don't is an idea that employers don't seem to have.

 

[jk]

Throughout my undergrad and phd, I was bombarded with the attitude the physics is a versatile degree, especially compared to alternatives. But it really isn't (see twofish's statements about how jobs for physicists are only located a few cities around the world).

Not to sound too harsh but if you are getting ready to spend 5-8 years of your life doing something (PhD), it is incumbent upon you to find out what lies at the end of it.

I think twofish may have been referring to finance jobs for physicists. The reason those jobs are concentrated in a few cities is because finance jobs in general are concentrated in those cities (NY, London, Hong Kong, Singapore, Tokyo...maybe Zurich, possibly Dubai)

If you look at those jobs, most of the non-academic ones require a "PhD in physics, engineering, geoscience, etc. or related field," so they don't care what your PhD is in. I've applied to several of those types of jobs and gotten nowhere. (and yes I've done the resume-tailoring stuff, etc.) The jobs that you actually see for physicists are ones that require very specific skills that don't seem to be very common in academia, at least not as far as I am aware of. I see medical physics and optics come up a lot, and I've never even met anyone in those fields. I see a handful of experimental condensed matter techniques are listed that I don't think get done by physicists nearly as much as engineers.

So you just made the point that physics is versatile enough to get you jobs that engineers and geophysicists do.

If you're looking for "physics only" jobs, I would agree with you.

Also, the numbers change quite a bit if you restrict the location you search in. If I search for "physics" in sacramento, ca (where I live) I get 51 jobs, if I search for "engineering" I get 1800 jobs. I never could have predicted it when I was younger, but now I find the main thing I really care about with whatever job I get is where I live, much more so than what I actually end up doing. In that respect, a physics degree turned out to be an extremely bad choice for me.

Nothing to say to that. If the jobs are where you are, then you either have to go where the jobs are or change the kind of jobs you are going after.

I've interviewed for a couple of industry jobs that were actually fairly closely related to my PhD research (condensed matter theory). What I found was that I was mostly speaking with people with engineering backgrounds and they were less than impressed with the rather academic and non-practical nature of my research. I got the feeling that they really preferred engineers.

I interviewed with one large company for three different jobs, and the one I got an offer for was a software position. I didn't get an offer for the other two jobs that were closely related to what I learned in my PhD research.

Maybe you are looking in a too narrow area centered on your PhD research. If what you did was just research, and what the employers are looking for is practical experience in specific areas, you may not be a good fit. But if you expand your search, you may have a better chance. As ParticleGrl said in an earlier post, you may not know as much electrical engineering as an EE, but you probably know more mechanical engineering than an EE and more electrical engineering than an ME.

I worked as a contractor for about a year, mostly doing web development but with a small variety of other projects mixed in. My real problem with software (aside from just not liking it very much) is I've developed back problems that are exacerbated by sitting at the computer all day, especially if I'm programming.

Web development is the absolute most basic programming you can do in industry. There are far, far more interesting and challenging programming jobs out there. I wouldn't use that as a representative sample. As for the sitting down, most white collar jobs involve you sitting down all day in front of a computer, and that includes engineering.

Well I'm not really, not any more. For a while I was because I desperately wanted to hold onto the notion that getting my PhD wasn't a complete waste. And I believed, or at least rationalized, that that sort of thing would be a good stepping stone out of academia. I could get into a big company, work doing physics for a while, if I still decided I hated it I would have a much easier time moving around within the company or finding another job.

Anyway, I don't get the feeling that those skills are highly valued. Or that they are, but employers would prefer they come from people with degrees in more applied fields, because perhaps they have a prejudice against me that I'm too academic. The idea that physicists have these strong analytical skills that engineers or applied mathematicians or statisticians don't is an idea that employers don't seem to have.

Your feeling is wrong but I can't convince you of that since you are having a hard time finding something now. But everyone is having a hard time now. I have a friend, a damn good engineer with about 12 years' experience, who lost his job when his company went under. It took him almost a year to find another job. Everyone is suffering now because the economy is so lousy.

I never said that physicists have skills that mathematicians, statisticians or engineers don't. The point I am trying to make is that a physics degree is competitive with those fields.

 

[twofish-quant]

WHERE? WHAT INDUSTRIES? I keep asking, and other than finance jobs in NYC and programming (which is a stretch, I have only a smattering of c++ and fortran 77, fortran is not in high demand) there are literally no suggestions.

The two other industries I know of in which people I know have gotten jobs are oil/gas jobs in Houston, and building H-bombs at Los Alamos.

One of the points gets lost is that things don't happen by magic. Just because there is demand and supply someone has to build a road to connect the two. This is why I'm interested in finding out more about biotech since it doesn't seem to me that the road is there.

 

[twofish-quant]

Anecdotal? Absolutely. But that's pretty much what this thread is, and anecdotes from those in the industry should weigh a little heavier than anecdotes from jobseekers.

I don't think that's true. I found it trivially easy to get a job after I got my Ph.D., but I graduated in 1998 during the middle of the dot-com boom. I put out my resume and in two days, I had five people calling me. That was 1998.

Part of the problem is that there is a lag in which statements that were true in 1998 aren't true in 2011. In 1998, it *wasn't* hard to convince an employer to take a risk on a Ph.D. because the ideal employee was busy working at something else.

 

[twofish-quant]

But even with those questions, I don't think it's fair to dismiss the AIP numbers entirely. Other surveys have found similar results and the fluctuations have not been all that huge over time. To report a result of 96% when the real value is more like 20% you'd have to have a seriously flawed study.

Also for Ph.D. hiring and outcomes, I've found that statistics aren't very useful because the numbers are so small. For MBA's, you can talk about the typical MBA, but there is no typical physics Ph.D. The job situation for someone with semiconductor experience is radically different with someone that has CFD experience.

 

[twofish-quant]

Throughout my undergrad and phd, I was bombarded with the attitude the physics is a versatile degree, especially compared to alternatives. But it really isn't (see twofish's statements about how jobs for physicists are only located a few cities around the world).

I think that part of the problem is information time lag. You were likely getting information based on the economic situation of the late 1990's when unemployment was 4% which turns out not to be useful when the headline unemployment rate is 9% and the real unemployment rate is likely to be 15%.

When you have low unemployment, you can't find the ideal person. Yes, we'd like to hire a EE for this position, but they have been taken up by that dot-com across the street, so you'll have to do.

Also one thing that people really believed in 1998 is that "we had won." The cold war was over, free market capitalism wins, with things like the internet and technology, the boom in 1998 was going to be permanent, and now the only thing left was to "enlighten" the bits of the world that hadn't caught on. Read Fukuyama's the End of History or Dow 36000. The idea that unemployment in 2011 would be 9% was unthinkable.

This is also works forward. The economy in 2020 is going to be very, very different than the economy in 2011, so it's really hard (maybe impossible) to use information in 2011 to figure out what to do in 2020.

 

[twofish-quant]

I think twofish may have been referring to finance jobs for physicists. The reason those jobs are concentrated in a few cities is because finance jobs in general are concentrated in those cities (NY, London, Hong Kong, Singapore, Tokyo...maybe Zurich, possibly Dubai)

Not true. Finance jobs in general are more distributed than physics finance jobs. The reason for that is that most jobs in finance are essentially sales, so if you have a customer in Palm Springs, Arizona, you need a sales person in Palm Springs, Arizona. The types of jobs that geeks are good at tend not to be customer focused, so those are concentrated in a few places.

Tokyo is in a world of it's own. Japan is a huge market, but Japan financially speaking is something of an island, and so they generally hire locally. Also, in Shanghai not speaking Chinese is going to be a major handicap, but not being able to speak Japanese in Tokyo is pretty close to fatal, career-wise.

Zurich and Dubai have lots of sales positions, but essentially no physics-type jobs.

Nothing to say to that. If the jobs are where you are, then you either have to go where the jobs are or change the kind of jobs you are going after.

One reason I have a lot of sympathy is that I did that, and it's *PAINFUL*. The reason I put off moving to NYC for as long as I did is that moving across the country is incredibly painful and stressful. Also, you are willing to jump off a cliff if you think that there might be some water at the bottom of the valley.

The other thing that worries me a lot is brain drain. Chinese Ph.D.'s are packing up and moving to Asia, where they are getting decent jobs and a lot of respect. This is bad because I worry that the US is getting into a bad cycle. No Ph.D's -> Ph.d.'s leave -> they end up helping the Chinese economy and not the US -> No Ph.D.'s. Ph.D.'s with options other than the US are leaving in droves, and this is going to be long term, very, very bad.

I have a friend, a damn good engineer with about 12 years' experience, who lost his job when his company went under. It took him almost a year to find another job. Everyone is suffering now because the economy is so lousy.

The one bright spot is that Ph.D.'s typically have little debt. One thing about what ParticleGrrl and DaveyRocket are doing (i.e. getting a random job and waiting until things get better) isn't viable for law-school and med-school graduates. If you leave law school and you don't get a job immediately, you are left with enough *non-dischargeable* debt so that you are doomed even if things get better later.

 

[JDGates]

I've interviewed for a couple of industry jobs that were actually fairly closely related to my PhD research (condensed matter theory). What I found was that I was mostly speaking with people with engineering backgrounds and they were less than impressed with the rather academic and non-practical nature of my research. I got the feeling that they really preferred engineers.

Yeah, I was mostly thinking of experiment, where I've known lots of people go on to lab-related jobs in semiconductor, pharmaceutical, etc. industries. I'm sure it's harder for theory.

I don't think that's true. I found it trivially easy to get a job after I got my Ph.D., but I graduated in 1998 during the middle of the dot-com boom. I put out my resume and in two days, I had five people calling me. That was 1998.

This why I was careful to say that I know for a fact that those two places are presently hiring (it's a pretty close-knit sub-industry, and I deal with those people all the time). I also know that my current company is bringing in at least one new PhD this month, and is advertising for more.

On the other hand, the chemistry PhD with the crummy resume and generic cover letter that we rejected without comment a couple of weeks ago is probably complaining to his friends about how the companies that are posting jobs aren't actually hiring.

 

[twofish-quant]

Yeah, I was mostly thinking of experiment, where I've known lots of people go on to lab-related jobs in semiconductor, pharmaceutical, etc. industries. I'm sure it's harder for theory.

I've known people in theory get jobs.

This why I was careful to say that I know for a fact that those two places are presently hiring (it's a pretty close-knit sub-industry, and I deal with those people all the time). I also know that my current company is bringing in at least one new PhD this month, and is advertising for more.

In my case, we were hiring pretty briskly until the budget crisis and the uncertainty in Europe when things sort of fell apart. I don't see much hiring before the end of the year, although it's always a good idea to put in your resume in since you don't lose anything.

How things will go next year I have no clue.

On the other hand, the chemistry PhD with the crummy resume and generic cover letter that we rejected without comment a couple of weeks ago is probably complaining to his friends about how the companies that are posting jobs aren't actually hiring.

Head hunters are extremely useful for things like this. A HH looks good if they put in good candidates, and so most non-scummy HH's will help you with your resume. Also HH's are really useful for giving you back information. Most of the time someone else gets hired, and you can get useful information from a non-scummy HH about *why* someone else got hired.

The other thing is that the state of the economy makes a big difference. In 1998, companies were hiring anyone with a pulse, and so even bad applicants got jobs. It was really interesting to read resumes around 2003, because you had a lot of experienced and good programmers that were doing something really different before the boom (i.e. yoga instructor, physical therapist, real estate agent).

Most people aren't perfect, so if you are in a situation in which only the perfect resume gets a job then that's a bad situation to be in.

 

[daveyrocket]

Not to sound too harsh but if you are getting ready to spend 5-8 years of your life doing something (PhD), it is incumbent upon you to find out what lies at the end of it.

I'm not sure what you're trying to say here. I didn't go into this blind -- I really thought I wanted to be a professor of physics, and teach and do research. I talked to people, I had several people encouraging me to go to graduate school, and it seemed right. How was I to know I would develop a distaste for physics research? A lot of things changed about me that I never would have predicted (mushrooms and avocados are now two of my favorite foods) and things that other people have predicted for me ("you'll want kids someday!") still haven't come true, and the outlook on those is bleak.

So you just made the point that physics is versatile enough to get you jobs that engineers and geophysicists do.

The point of that was to tie into my experience applying for and interviewing for those kinds of jobs and how skeptical they seem to be of an academic physicist trying to get into industry.

Maybe you are looking in a too narrow area centered on your PhD research. If what you did was just research, and what the employers are looking for is practical experience in specific areas, you may not be a good fit. But if you expand your search, you may have a better chance.

This doesn't make sense... if I was looking in a narrow area centered on my PhD research, then I'd be a good fit for those types of jobs. Actually I interviewed for both of the jobs that were related to my research, and I didn't get them. I don't know why, but I'm guessing that probably since most of the people I talked to were engineers, they ended up hiring an engineer.

I appreciate that you're trying to solve my problem, but you're not saying anything I haven't heard a hundred times already. Trust me, my search has been broadened several times.

 

[jk]

Not true. Finance jobs in general are more distributed than physics finance jobs. The reason for that is that most jobs in finance are essentially sales, so if you have a customer in Palm Springs, Arizona, you need a sales person in Palm Springs, Arizona. The types of jobs that geeks are good at tend not to be customer focused, so those are concentrated in a few places.

I was referring to trader type jobs and their associated quant/support positions. Of course, sales is everywhere.

An interesting trend that has been going on for a while now is that the big finance houses are trying to reduce cost and move a lot of their development and back office work either to India or to Southern states in the US where costs are cheaper. Merrill Lynch and JP Morgan have significant development centers in Houston, Goldman Sachs in Salt Lake City etc. Charlotte also has a lot of banks. I knew a colleague who went to work for Wachovia in Charlotte building a trading platform.

 

[jk]

This doesn't make sense... if I was looking in a narrow area centered on my PhD research, then I'd be a good fit for those types of jobs. Actually I interviewed for both of the jobs that were related to my research, and I didn't get them. I don't know why, but I'm guessing that probably since most of the people I talked to were engineers, they ended up hiring an engineer.

You would be a good fit for those areas but so would an engineer who worked in those areas. You don't have any advantage over him/her. Your comparative advantage comes to play when the job requires a broad range of skills that an engineer would not typically have.

I appreciate that you're trying to solve my problem, but you're not saying anything I haven't heard a hundred times already. Trust me, my search has been broadened several times.

I am just trying to give you my perspective from the trenches. I wish I had someone do this for me when I left school. I kinda had to blunder my way around for a while until I figured things out.

One more point I would like to make is that in searching for jobs, mass mailing resumes is rarely effective. I recommend a book called "What Color is your parachute" that discusses this at great length. It made a huge difference for me.

 

[twofish-quant]

An interesting trend that has been going on for a while now is that the big finance houses are trying to reduce cost and move a lot of their development and back office work either to India or to Southern states in the US where costs are cheaper. Merrill Lynch and JP Morgan have significant development centers in Houston, Goldman Sachs in Salt Lake City etc. Charlotte also has a lot of banks. I knew a colleague who went to work for Wachovia in Charlotte building a trading platform.

Yes, but the problem with those jobs is that you won't be doing hardcore mathematical modelling.

Also career prospects are limited, and if you aren't careful, you'll end up with the bad parts of finance (i.e. bad project management, long hours) without the good parts ($$$). The other thing to remember is that you are a cost. It's the banks duty to cut costs, but this conflicts with your interests.

A lot of it is a lifestyle issue. If you want to live in a nice, quiet town with a nice, quiet salary, it can work. But that's not what I want out of my life. Also, I do know of a few physics Ph.D.'s that have gotten financial programming jobs outside of NYC, but they've been uniformly unhappy about their job in no small part because the "interesting bits" get done in NYC.

 

[Mépris]

Faking interest is impossible, because if you can fake interest that means that you are interested.

I don't think so. I can do it.

It means I am interested in getting something, it doesn't mean I have a *direct* interest in whatever it is I'm faking. It's something that comes very handing when dealing with people. I'm not a very nice person but when I absolutely have to come across as somebody who is not a total jerk, I can.

 

[Diracula]

Just because there is demand and supply someone has to build a road to connect the two. This is why I'm interested in finding out more about biotech since it doesn't seem to me that the road is there.

Are specifically wondering about transitioning from computational astrophysics to the biotech industry? Or any field of physics?

Because there is obviously biophysics. Going from a non-biology related phd like astrophysics to biotech would probably require some type of biology experience. That's why I was wondering (not sure if it was this thread or the other one) if anyone has tried going from astrophysics or high energy physics to a postdoc in a biological science. I would think they'd scoop people with this training up for a computational biology or systems biology position, but I'm not sure. All I know is a bunch of higher-up bio-science people I've talked to routinely talk about how important physics-y people are for the future of biology, so I assumed it wouldn't be impossible to transition over.

Going straight from computational astrophysics phd to finance to a senior systems biologist at a major biotech firm probably isn't going to happen though.

 

[Astro_Dude]

Wow, my thread blew up while I was away!

There is no magic in job searches. Networking is work and it is not guaranteed to produce results all the time. But it is the best method that I know of.
What was the feedback you got from the jobs you were rejected for? Did you get any? Also, can you post your resume (after removing the personal info) here so we can give you feedback?

Generally I get some lip service about how I had impressive qualifications and such, but "just don't fit any of their openings right now". Generally these people will point out that I do have qualifications that do fit with them, just not with anything at the moment.

Try this next time you run into those "college-age kids"...instead of deciding that they are too low level to do anything for you, try to chat them up about the company in general. Don't tell them that you would like to work for the company. Tell them that you are looking around and trying to find one that you like. You don't want to give the impression of desperation, even if you are desperate. It's a funny thing about people that if they think you want to join their group badly (whatever their group is), they will be standoffish. But if you act as if you have options and are just being choosy, they will consider you more seriously.

This is what I do. You get the general sales pitch, and then you get asked, "so what do you do?" and no matter how you try to sell "physics", they laugh and say "sorry, I don't know how to help you. Apply online." It never, ever, ever works. Ever.

Are you on LinkedIn?

Yes, but my network is poor, as I have said. Most of the time when I send emails to random people, I get ignored.

The system is not designed to screw anyone. I think you need to step back for a minute and view this whole job search in a more dispassionate light. No one is out to get you. But no one is going to bend over backwards for you either. What you have to do is view this as a puzzle without getting emotional about it.

Actually, that's *exactly* how it is designed. It's designed in a way that if you went into grad school, you're completely and totally screwed. This is because you are now too qualified for entry jobs, and have not enough specific experience for the higher levels.

As an example, I applied to many, many entry level jobs that merely required bachelor's degrees in various technical fields. I usually got rejected immediately and when I asked why, the few responses I got back were "PhDs aren't entry level". When you look at the higher levels, they typically demand you know something that either requires Yankee White security clearance or 5 years doing something very specific to that company or industry. You have no chance.

The system is absolutely designed to screw PhDs.

If you realize that HR is not going to help you, then the corollary is that you have to look elsewhere for help. If your professors are of no help, then you need to plug into a new network. Have you done any of the things I suggested earlier (like talk to people at industry conferences, go to chamber of commerce events, etc)?

Not to be rude, because I know you're trying to help, but I don't know how many times I can say I go to conferences all the time. It doesn't help. You always just hear "go to the website" or the contacts will offer to pass ur resume around if they like u, and you don't hear back. I'm not taking this personally, but it's just not helpful.

And ugh.. software. I went to graduate school to get away from that field. The fact that you're recommending that someone with a PhD needs to take more classes goes to show how worthless a PhD in physics is.

This attitude is devastating, especially as it's coming from someone who used to do interviews. It's absolutely maddening that something that is even recognized as "learn able in a month" is considered beyond our grasp.

I run into this with C++. I know Python very well, as I coded in it my entire grad school career. I've been dabbling a little with C++ as per two-fish's recommendation, but not quite enough to really put C++ on a resume. I absolutely have talked with people that say "heh, you haven't done OOP? we'll get back to you." It's just stupid to me that they absolutely recognize that i have the required skills they want, but just because I don' have one LITTLE thing (such as coding paradigms, OOP isn't difficult), they literally laugh.

So if the company is looking for someone with all the sills you mentioned above plus who knows some C++, if you don't know C++ you lost that opportunity. I am not saying learn everything under the sun but if that is a common skill set in the jobs you are looking for and if you don't have that skill, what is wrong with learning it?

But this is horse manure. It would take all of a month to catch up to speed, especially if you having coding experience with another language.

When I used to interview people for positions within my company, I always looked for that type of dynamism. A willingness to learn new things, to push yourself to do whatever it takes to get the job done, to be flexible in dealing with unexpected situations, a sense of optimism and confidence (not arrogance) that you can get the job done and are willing to work hard for it, to not be afraid to admit when you don't know something...these mean more than a list of specific skills.

Well, it's good to know some of you exist, but most of interviewers just seem to go down a checklist.