Oscillations of load with spring after rod is suddenly stopped

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In summary, the study explores the behavior of a spring-mass system when subjected to sudden stops, analyzing how the oscillations of the load are affected. It highlights the dynamics of energy transfer between kinetic and potential forms, resulting in oscillatory motion. The findings illustrate the significance of damping and frequency in the system's response, demonstrating how the spring's properties influence the load's oscillation amplitude and period after the rod is abruptly halted.
  • #1
alalalash_kachok
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Homework Statement
The rod is rotating with constant angle velocity \omega, load what has weight m may slide on it. The load is held at certain distance by spring with stiffness k and startring length r_0.
Relevant Equations
Find depending r on t if stop the rotating of rod.
I understand that after stopping of rotating I should consider second Newton's law:
m d^2r/dt^2 = k(r-r_0)
And using the law of energy conservation I can propose that energy of circular motion I (\omega)^2/2, where I = mr^2 - moment of intertia will be converted into spring's oscillation. But I not understand what I can do with Newton's law, if there is a constant that disturbs me to consider this motion as oscillations and use the fact that square of oscillation frequency is k/m. Sorry for my bad English, I hope that you can understand this task
 
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  • #2
alalalash_kachok said:
Homework Statement: The rod is rotating with constant angle velocity \omega, load what has weight m may slide on it. The load is held at certain distance by spring with stiffness k and startring length r_0.
Relevant Equations: Find depending r on t if stop the rotating of rod.

I understand that after stopping of rotating I should consider second Newton's law:
m d^2r/dt^2 = k(r-r_0)
And using the law of energy conservation I can propose that energy of circular motion I (\omega)^2/2, where I = mr^2 - moment of intertia will be converted into spring's oscillation. But I not understand what I can do with Newton's law, if there is a constant that disturbs me to consider this motion as oscillations and use the fact that square of oscillation frequency is k/m. Sorry for my bad English, I hope that you can understand this task
I don’t understand how the rotational energy is relevant. If the rotation of the rod stops then that energy is immediately lost.
Perhaps I have not understood your description. Can you post the original wording in whatever language?
 
  • #3
Sorry for my misleading, I agree with you. But I have remembered about that I can consider Newton's law for moment after stopping rotating: m $$\frac{d^2r}{dt^2} = k(r-r_0)$$. And try solve this equation, taking $$z = c*e^{i\omega t}$$. After that I get r as superposition of a general solution of the homogeneous equation and the partial non-uniform equation $$r = a \cdot \cos{\omega_0 t + \phi} + r_0$$, where \omega_0 = \sqrt{k/m}. Can I suppose that ##\phi## is 0 just after stopping rotating?
 
  • #4
alalalash_kachok said:
Sorry for my misleading, I agree with you. But I have remembered about that I can consider Newton's law for moment after stopping rotating: m $$\frac{d^2r}{dt^2} = k(r-r_0)$$. And try solve this equation, taking $$z = c*e^{i\omega t}$$. After that I get r as superposition of a general solution of the homogeneous equation and the partial non-uniform equation $$r = a \cdot \cos{\omega_0 t + \phi} + r_0$$, where \omega_0 = \sqrt{k/m}. Can I suppose that ##\phi## is 0 just after stopping rotating?
You mean $$r = a \cdot \cos(\omega_0 t + \phi) + r_0$$. Curly braces, {}, have special meaning in LaTeX.
The value of ##\phi## depends on how you define t=0. If that is the instant the rod stops rotating then you need a value of ##\phi## for which ##t=0 ## gives ##r=r_0##.
 
  • #5
haruspex said:
You mean $$r = a \cdot \cos(\omega_0 t + \phi) + r_0$$. Curly braces, {}, have special meaning in LaTeX.
The value of ##\phi## depends on how you define t=0. If that is the instant the rod stops rotating then you need a value of ##\phi## for which ##t=0 ## gives ##r=r_0##.
Okay, assume that t=0 is moment when the rotating rod is stopped. After that the load starts spring fluctuations, don't you think? Can I consider Newton's law: $$m (\omega)^2 r_1= k(r_1-r_0)$$ for the moment just before stopping and take from this starting value of r(t)? Then put it in equation r(t) as solution of the partial non-uniform equation
 
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  • #6
alalalash_kachok said:
Okay, assume that t=0 is moment when the rotating rod is stopped. After that the load starts spring fluctuations, don't you think? Can I consider Newton's law: $$m (\omega)^2 r_1= k(r_1-r_0)$$ for the moment just before stopping and take from this starting value of r(t)? Then put it in equation r(t) as solution of the partial non-uniform equation
Sounds right. Please post what you get.
 

FAQ: Oscillations of load with spring after rod is suddenly stopped

What causes the oscillation of the load when the rod is suddenly stopped?

The oscillation of the load is caused by the sudden deceleration of the rod, which transfers kinetic energy to the spring. This energy is then converted into potential energy in the spring, causing it to stretch and compress, leading to oscillatory motion.

What type of motion does the load exhibit after the rod is stopped?

After the rod is suddenly stopped, the load exhibits simple harmonic motion (SHM) if the system is ideal and no damping forces are present. This means the load will oscillate back and forth around the equilibrium position in a sinusoidal pattern.

How can the frequency of the oscillation be determined?

The frequency of the oscillation can be determined using the formula \( f = \frac{1}{2\pi}\sqrt{\frac{k}{m}} \), where \( k \) is the spring constant and \( m \) is the mass of the load. This formula is derived from the principles of simple harmonic motion.

What factors affect the amplitude of the oscillation?

The amplitude of the oscillation is primarily affected by the initial conditions, such as the speed at which the rod is stopped and the initial displacement of the load. Additionally, damping forces like friction or air resistance can reduce the amplitude over time.

How does damping influence the oscillation of the load?

Damping forces, such as friction or air resistance, cause the amplitude of the oscillation to decrease over time. This results in the load eventually coming to rest at the equilibrium position. The presence of damping converts the mechanical energy of the oscillating system into thermal energy, gradually reducing the oscillatory motion.

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