What Determines the Acceleration of a Charge in an Electric Field?

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The acceleration of a positive charge q in an electric field created by charges Q1 and Q2 depends on the magnitudes and signs of these charges. It accelerates towards the charge of greater magnitude or, if the charges are of opposite signs, towards the positive charge. The direction of acceleration can also be determined by the vector sum of the electric fields produced by Q1 and Q2. The discussion suggests that the positions of the charges should not be assumed to be collinear to avoid special cases that could invalidate general conclusions. A counterexample is proposed to demonstrate that acceleration can occur away from the negative charge under certain configurations.
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Homework Statement


When a positive charge q is placed in the field created by two other charges Q1 and Q2, each a distance r away from q, the acceleration of q is
a. in the direction of the charge Q1 or Q2 of smaller magnitude.

b. in the direction of the charge Q1 or Q2 of greater magnitude.

c. in the direction of the negative charge if Q1 and Q2 are of opposite sign.

d. in the direction of the positive charge if Q1 and Q2 are of opposite sign.

e. in a direction determined by the vector sum of the electric fields of Q1 and Q2.

The Attempt at a Solution

 
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I'm guessing that you are not supposed to assume that q is on a line connecting the other two charges. In other words, I'm guessing that you are supposed to assume that the charges are put on the corners of some sort of an isosceles triangle (conceptually).

(Otherwise you could come up with certain special cases where each choice would be true, even through it wouldn't be true in general.)
 
Try to come up with a counterexample for which (c) is false - that is, can you find some situation in which Q1 and Q2 have opposite sign, and the acceleration of q is away from the negative charge? (Hint: it can be done with all the particles on a line)
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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