Atomic Definition and 853 Threads

let me see if I got this one right: By solving the S E for bound system u got the quantum number n l and ml. each set of numbers corresponds to a curtain wave function and electron. One gots fine structure when adding the spin up 1/2 and down 1/2. so every electron in the atom has a set of...

Atomic physics studies the electron hull of atoms. This branch of physics is distinct from nuclear physics, despite their association in the public consciousness. Atomic physics is not concerned with the intra-nuclear processes studied in nuclear physics, although properties of the nucleus can...

Hello, I'm a third year physics student. I am looking for a good textbook on introductory atomic physics, considering the fact that I've already had some advanced non-relativistic quantum mechanics courses. I don't ask for much. A title and a very short explanation on why you think this...

does a computer equation exists that can predict the mass of atomic and sub-atomic particles?

Can someone please direct me to a site that explains atomic orbitales well. Thanks. :cool:

Hey all, I had a somewhat technical question concerning recent news events. My background in physics and mathematics is limited, especially in the area of atomic energy and science. Recent news reports have stated that Tehran now has 1,010 kilogrammes of low-enriched uranium hexafluoride...

Hey, I'm working on a problem about the atomic form factor. I found that the atomic form factor of an fcc lattice of Buckyballs (C60 atoms) looks like f~(sin(Gr))/G multiplied bij some constants. The question is now to explain from this atomic form factor why the (2,0,0) X-ray diffraction...

Homework Statement Natural carbon consists of two different isotopes (excluding 14C, which is present in only trace amounts). The isotopes have different masses, which is due to different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus; however, the number of protons in the same, and subsequently the...

Imagine there is a molecule which consists of several atoms, and for each atom there is an effective orbital, phi_i, which are not orthogonal. Now we want to construct from them a set of orthogonal orbitals, psi_i. Of course there are many ways to do this. Let W be the matrix that realizes our...

Homework Statement When M2S3 is heated in air, it is converted to MO2. A 4.000g sample of M2S3 shows a decrease in mass of .277 g when it is heated in air. What is the average atomic mass of M? Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution I don't not really know how to tackle this...

How do u calculate the atomic spacing on an iron cube? Can someone please help me!

Homework Statement The radius of the orbit of an electron in a hydrogen atom is 0.05 nm. Using the planetary model, calculate the orbital velocity needed by the electron to avoid being pulled into the nucleus by electrostatic attraction. Round up your answer to the nearest tenth...

Is it generally assumed that there is a smallest building block of matter? Or is it assumed that there is always a smaller particle within any particle? because i was thinking in my calc 2 class the other day... If you have, say, a water bottle on a table, and you assume that there is always...

I find the mechanics of the atom are not clear to me. I understand that the Bohr "step" of electrons in orbit is non-applicable anymore, then there is De Broglie's wave theory, this is never built upon. I always find it just mentioned never expanded on, I'm left with basic questions, okay so do...

I answered a question that my professor asked: "Why is the boiling point of HF much higher than that of HCl even though HCl has a larger molar mass?" The answer had to do with F being more electronegative than Cl and thus making stronger H-bonds. He also said on an aside that it all boils...

Hello everybody, I currently have a degree in chemistry and I am working on another in physics. I plan on going to grad school when I finish the second degree. That will probably be in four years or so. I'm working full time for the next couple of years while taking classes and then I will...

In atomic decay, when an atom decays and releases the (Alpha) Helium nucleus, the atom left behind changes to the element 2 Proton Numbers prior. So is this new element charged? because the electrons stay behind, or do they go? and if so, where to and how?

Atoms have Terms Symbols such as S (L=0), P (L=1), D (L=2), etc...In case of molecules, L no longer exists as other symbols are uesd: which ones?

I found atomic spectral data on the hydrogen atom, more specifically the first isotope of the hydrogen atom, protium. Beyond that, the data available on other isotopes of any atom doesn't seem to be eaisily available. Here is a page on protium...

When we see structures like DNA for example is it to be understood that if we had a microscope powerful enough to see detail at the level of a DNA molecule we would see the double helix structure? Or are our structures simply models to help explain experimental results? Either way, at what...

Are the results of Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy affected if the metal were ions? For example, if you were trying to measure the amount of zinc in a sample but part of it was dissolved as ions and other parts were simply solid, would they measure the same absorption or would the ions not be...

Homework Statement X rays with wavelength 0.10 nm are incident on a crystal with a hexagonal crystal structure. The x-ray diffraction spectrum is shown in the figure. Figure: What is the atomic spacing D of this crystal? (in nanometers) Homework Equations The Bragg...

Homework Statement Calculate the radius of a palladium atom, given that Pd has an FCC crystal structure, a density of 12.0g/cm3, and an atomic weight of 106.4g/mol Homework Equations Pd contains 4 atoms per unit cell. unit cell edge lengh = 2*Radius*sqrt(2) The Attempt at a...

Homework Statement Calculate the energy and radius for each of the five lowest (n = 1,2,3,4,5) electron orbits in a Helium atom with only one electron. Enter the energy as a positive value in units of "eV" and the radius in units of "nm". Hint: The Helium nucleus has 2 protons so Z = 2 and...

[solved] Energy levels of hydrogen in atomic units Homework Statement The effective potential for a hydrogen atom can be thought of as the actual potential plus the centrifugal repulsion, written as: V_{eff} = -\frac{1}{r} + \frac{l (l+1)}{2r^{2}} Remembering that you are working in atomic...

Homework Statement I just want to know if there is a relationship between the ground state of Hydrogen which is 13.6 eV and the ground state of Helium. The problem is asking me to find the ground state of Helium, but I am not sure how to go about it. Any advice? Homework Equations...

Perhaps rather an elementary question, but I can't find a clear answer in my textbooks: Would I be right in thinking that we never actually measure directly the angular momentum of atomic systems, but rather: using the results of QM calculations about structure, and knowledge of the selection...

Homework Statement The 3s state of Na has an energy of -5.14 eV. Determine the effective nuclear charge. Homework Equations Zeffective = Z - S (not listed in textbook, found this online when trying to figure out the problem) The Attempt at a Solution Nothing in the textbook in...

I don't know where to begin lol - i know first principles is where you have a general equation which can be derived to give more specific details about something. I have been told that i need to find appropiate combinations of the four defined atomic units that have the desired dimensions but i...

Homework Statement According to the Bohr theory, what is the ionization energy of atomic hydrogen in kJ/mol? Homework Equations Bohr equation: E = (-2.18 x 10-18 J)(1/n2) The Attempt at a Solution I don't have any general idea on how to do this problem :( please help! The answer is...

[b]1[ Now in the 2nd year of b.tech I, since was in class 9th not understanding how Bohr modified the earlier Rutherford atomic model.It is known to me that Rutherford atomic model was failed because it could not satisfy the electromegnetic principle,according to which an elecltron continue to...

Homework Statement Could a 56Fe nucleus fission spontaneously into 2 28Al nuclei? Explain, your answer should include some calculations, should be based on the curve of binding energy. Homework Equations B=(Zmh+Nmn-matom)*931.49 The Attempt at a Solution...

Homework Statement 1x10^6 sodium atoms are excited to the 3p state at t=0s. The lifetime of the 3p state is 17ns. a.how many of these atoms remain in the 3p state at t=10ns? b.how many photons have been emitted from t=0s to t=30ns? Homework Equations N=Noe^(-t/\tau) The Attempt...

Just wondering.

Each of the 24 GPS satellites holds four atomic clocks! Why four and not one or two? They are not cheap! Thanks

Atomic wieght... I know, or at least think the wieght of an atom is the number of neutrons...but what I want to know is what governs this number? Is it a gravitational force...I mean all this spinning going on...how can they be so small, so close together and not bump into each other?--what...

If a photon of wavelength 663nm is incident on a hydrogen atom in its fourth excited state(n=5),then A.the atom doesn't absorb the photon B.the atom absorbs the photon but is not ionized C.the atom absorbs the photon and is ionized,with the electron having zero kinetic energy after ionization...

Homework Statement Draw an LCAO representation of all of the bonding orbitals for C2H2O. Be sure to clearly state the hybridization of the two carbons and the oxygen in addition to drawing the orbital representation. Also show clearly what orbital any unshared pairs occupy. Homework Equations...

Homework Statement In a sample of one litre of carbon dioxide at STP an average of 5 disintegrations C -> N + e + v are observed per minute. Calculate the atomic fraction of C present if the mean lifetime of this nucleus is 8267 years. Homework Equations \tau = \omega-1 = 8267...

Atomic planes are defined as the reciprocal quantities 1/u' , 1/v' and 1/w' transformed to the smallest three integers (here the plane intersects the crystal lattice at the unit-cell axes u'a,v'b and w'c). My question is, why are reciprocal quantities used? This is something that has bugged...

I'm studying A2 (second year college) physics and I am supposed to be finding out about the size of an atom and how it was figured out but I'm having problems because of the fact that nobody seems to know. I realize it is different for each atom/ion but how could it be figured out? Maybe it's a...

Is there any problem book in atomic physics?

I am in sorts about Radioactivity, I would like to know what other force keeps sub atomic particles of an atom from coming apart? I realize that gravitational pull is not what holds the particles together, but is there a more dominant force that does so? Does that also further break apart in a...

Homework Statement Consider an X-ray tube that uses platinum (Z=78) as its target. Use the Bohr model to estimate the minimum kinetic energy electrons must have in order for Ka X-rays to just appear in the X-ray spectrum of the tube. Homework Equations Ek=-13.6ev * (Z-1)² / 1²...

What is the maximum atomic weight of a single atom (in theory)? Could there be an element with an atomic number greater than 150, somewhere in the universe? How is it possible?

I am an afficionado of all weaponry, and there is this question I have which has bugged me for a while. What, exactly, makes a Hydrogen bomb different from an atomic bomb? I realize that the explosive is Hydrogen as opposed to Uranium or Plutonium, but why is it more powerful?

Could anybody help me with this? The atomic radii of the transition metals show some anomaly in their atomic radii as compared to those elements in Group 1A-7A, which generally shows a decrease as one goes from left to right in a period. The atomic radii of the transition metals decrease as...

Homework Statement Homework Equations why there is no isotope of hydrogen with an atomic weight of four? The Attempt at a Solution i find that such an isotope would have an isotopic spin state of 1/2 |2-1> + 3/2 |1 -1> is there a reason for this state to not exist?

Hi Guys! *waves* Anyway, I was just wondering what conditions and in what state are atoms sufficiently isolated so that it gives rise to a line spectra. I thank you all for any help you provide in advance. Many thanks, Icetray

When individual atoms bond to form a metal lattice, the total energy decreases, but does the kinetic energy of the electrons increase or decrease? What about the potential energy? Does it increase due to pauli exclusion or decrease due to the decrease in distance between the ion and electron...