Fundamental Definition and 947 Threads

Hey! Do we really need recreation or leisure time to function as humans? Could one get away with it and just work all of his life to whatever purpose he/she is set to go for? How does one distinguish between work and leisure time? Was there such a distinction in early humans? Or did one such...

I'm reading Thermal Physics by Kettle and I feel I'm having trouble really grasping what entropy is. From my lower division pretty much entropy can be defined as a measurement of randomness in a system. Like with ice, very little randomness=lower entropy, water, more randomness because the...

Homework Statement The question: The function F(θ,k) is defined as F(\theta,k)=\int_0^θ (f(x,k))\mathrm{d}x Find expressions for \left({\frac{\partial F}{\partial \theta}}\right)_k and \left({\frac{\partial F}{\partial k}}\right)_θ Homework Equations Fundamental theory of calculus Chain...

Homework Statement I'm not sure how pions relate to the strong force. My notes say that only gluons propagate the strong force between quarks - holding a neutron together, and that residual force (I imagine between the quarks of neutrons and protons) holds neutrons and protons together in...

Homework Statement An ideal monoatomic gas is characterized by the two equations PV=NRT and U=\frac{3NRT}{2} in which R is a constant. Find the fundamental equation corresponding to a monoatomic ideal gas. Homework Equations S=\left ( \frac{1}{T} \right ) U+\left ( \frac{P}{T} \right )...

Which and why do you believe will turn out to be more 'fundamental' (in the sense that one will prove to be the foundation of a theory which goes beyond the SM, while the other will be explained away by it). Or maybe both, or neither?

four forces? There are four forces supposedly. But isn't gravity not a force. It appears like a force but what we see as effects of gravity is really a warping of space due to the effects of mass on that area of space. In other words, there is really no force causing things to attract...

Why would the force P not always be equal to 60 kips? (I mean, since the structure is in equilibrium, and the members are rigid, can't we shift the two forces of 30kips each to the line of action of force P and conclude that P is always 60kips?) Thanks for your time.

Homework Statement (please see the attachment) Homework Equations σ=F/A The Attempt at a Solution I just can't figure out how to find the forces in the two members. Actually I thought the force in both members will be the same, but according to the problem statement it clearly...

Homework Statement I know that theoretically when one has the fundamental equation of a system, one can find the state equations and totally solve the system (if I understood well, I could make the analogy in classical mechanics of having the Lagrangian gives you the equations of motion)...

I've been thinking about complex residues and how they relate to the topology of a function's Riemann's surface. My conclusion is this: it definitely tells us something, but it relates more directly to the Riemann surface of its antiderivative. Specifically: A closed contour in the plane is...

Homework Statement Assuming the validity of the fundamental theorem of algebra, prove the corollary that: Every polynomial of positive degree n has a factorization of the form: P(x)=a_{n}(x-r_{1})...(x-r_{n}) where r_{i} aren't necessarily distinct. Homework Equations Fundamental...

Homework Statement Standing sound waves are produced in a pipe that is 1.40 m long. For the fundamental frequency and the first two overtones, determine the locations along the pipe (measured from the left end) of the displacement nodes if the pipe is open at both ends. Homework...

Homework Statement Using Hund's rule, find the fundamental term of an atom whose last incomplete subshell contains 3 electrons d. Do the same with 4 electrons p. Homework Equations The 3 Hund's rules. The Attempt at a Solution By fundamental term I'm guessing they mean the...

hi, my questions are regarding the fundamental interactions. I don't have much physics knowledge beyond high school but am trying to form my own way of understanding these fundamental interactions. So I have some questions. They may be vague/strange so I will try to clarify if so (though I...

Ok, Please correct me if I'm wrong; Flux lines are a sort of mathematical visualisation of magnetic fields, they do not exist. As such, there still exists a magnetic field between flux lines (?), just in calculations we use flux lines because they are simpler (?). In voltage transformers...

The proof my book gives for the 2nd part of the FTC is a little hard for me to understand, but I was wondering if this particular proof (which is not from my book) is valid. I did the proof myself, I'm just wondering if it's valid. \frac{d}{dx}\int^{x}_{0}f(t) \ dt = f(x) So suppose that the...

I'm trying to find a good way to think about work. From what I can tell, it's what the object experiences, not really what the force does, correct? If a train is heading west and superman grabs it, stops it, and starts pushing it in the opposite direction until it's at the same speed as it...

Please don't be bothered by my question, i know it sounds real elementary and it could easily be researched, but after doing so, i haven't been able to find anything on how or why the natural phenomenon of energy release takes place as chemicals react with one another. If you think about it...

The initial development of QM inherited the use of complex numbers from Fourier analysis. Had Hartley analysis been invented first, is it possible that QM might have been formulated in terms of real-valued quantities instead, or are complex numbers in some sense natural or necessary when...

I have two full questions on some number theory questions I've been working on, I guess my best bet would be to post them separately. 1) Suppose that n is in N (natural numbers), p1,...,pn are distinct primes, and l1,...ln are nonnegative integers. Let m = p1l1p2l2...pnln. Let d be in N such...

1. Homework Statement Prove that if f(x) is a differentiable real-valued function, and f'(x) is continuous and integrable. Then: \int_a^bf'(x)\,dx = f(b) - f(a) 2. Hint Provided Use the Cauchy Criterion for integrals, the mean value theorem applied to subintervals of a partition, and the...

thanks

Quite a long title :D The fundamental assumption of statistical mechanics states, that all microstates of a system are equally probable. From what I know Liouvilles theorem should support this, but other than that I think it is just a pure assumption. Now I'm not really sure if I find it...

True or false? 1. It is not possible to prove the point of origin of a photon 2. It is not possible to prove the point of origin of a free electron 3. It is not possible to prove that protons or neutrons exist inside a nucleus Can someone please confirm?

Hello; I'm a electrical engineering senior and was wondering if passing the F.E. exam would help in the job market. Since I know it is usually catered toward Mechanical engineering and is requirement for Civil engineers, I'm not sure if it would actually state anything for an emerging...

I teach myself physics. I find it pretty easy but I was getting stuck on this one principle. I was reading about the four fundamental forces of physics. I read that some particles (i.e. Gravitons, gluons, photons, and muons) are force carriers. How would this work? SIDE NOTE I heard that photons...

Homework Statement A 90 cm long steel string with a linear density of 1.1g/m is under 200N tension. It is plucked and vibrates at its fundamental frequency. What is the wavelength of the sound wave that reaches your ear in a 20 degree C room? Homework Equations f = 1/2L * sqrt T/mu v...

How many independent fundamental physics constants are there that are not expressed in terms of other constants? What are they? I assume they would include the speed of light, c, and ε0, but μ0 can be left out, the gravitational constant, Plank's constant, fundamental particle masses and...

Ok so this is kinda wishy washy but I don't know how else to explain this other than I feel like I am missing a critical piece of information as far as fundamental "math" goes. I am highly intelligent and and am a Mechanical Engineering Major who gets all A's, but I feel like I am missing a...

Homework Statement I just learned this idea from my lecture in calculus. I think I understand it at a surface level but don't know much about why it is an astounding discovery as my lecturer suggested. Homework Equations So, it states that let (f) be a continuous on an interval [a,b]. Let...

I was wondering what were the fundamental physical units of measurement, ie those from which all other units can be derived. To my mind, there are only two things which exist in the universe and from which all units of measurement can be derived : space and matter. The reasoning is as follows ...

Can someone explain this please. From what I understand momentum is often the more fundamental as it is spatially invariant, whereas energy is time invariant and as more real world cases fall into the former category momentum is often more fundamental. What is meant by spatial invariance...

Homework Statement I am working on some problems with the fundamental theorem. I need to refresh my memory though, because I have forgotten exactly how to do these problems. I actually am not even sure if I use part 1 or part 2 of the FTC for these problems, so if you could help me in the...

Homework Statement Measurements taken of a square-wave signal using a frequency-selective voltmeter (called a spectrum analyzer) show its spectrum to contain adjacent components (spectral lines) at 98kHz and 126kHz of amplitudes 63mV and 49mV, respectively. For this signal, what would direct...

The world seems to me to be rather arbitrary. I don 't know if people feel the way I do. Scientists apply for government grants to gather data, and conduct experiments. Some scientists look at the data, and write down equations. If those equations are sufficiently fundamental, then some...

Homework Statement problem in attachment Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution I can get f'(x) as sqrt(1 + (sinx)^2) and derive that to get the second derivative but as far as that I don't really get the concept behind this question will y be another function I have...

Hey Guys, So, I am trying to prove the Fundamental Counting Principle using induction. I have no clue where to start or even how to use induction to prove it. I would appreciate some help. The Question in a mathematical form: Let ^\sharp (A) = m and ^\sharp (B) = n. Proove by induction...

What are the constraints (is this the right word) for introducing new fundamental force? Can our Standard Model accommodate a fifth one? Or would it mess up the math so badly that the present four fundamental forces is the final limit?

Hello, I have been losing a great deal of sleep trying to understand the Wronskian. Here is the spill on my understanding: 1.The Wronskian of two solutions to a linear homogenous ode can be evaluated at any point within the interval where a unique solution is guaranteed by the...

A tilted top that would otherwise topple over can somehow not do so if it spins on an axis fast enough, but only if that axis also pivots fast enough circumferentially with respect to a "principal axis". Often conservation of angular momentum is used to predict this. But the rotational pull away...

Homework Statement Let L be a simple compact Lie group, and \Delta_+ is the set of positive roots. I have previously shown that if \alpha\in\Delta_+ and \alpha_i is a simple root, then s_i\alpha\in \Delta_+ where s_i is the Weyl reflection associated with \alpha_i. Now, let \delta =...

Homework Statement The Attempt at a Solution since cos(x^2) is on bottom i flipped it and so it becomes negative. then I got -[(1+cos(x^2))(-sin (x^2))(2x)] substituting with sqrt(pi/2) I keep getting the answer as sqrt(2pi) since the negatives cancel however it says the...

Hi I don't know how to attack the following question, any hints would be appreciated: If G is a simply connected topological group and H is a discrete subgroup, then \pi_1(G/H, 1) \cong H .Thank you James

Homework Statement If I have a solution to a system of first order linear equations: <x,y> = c_1 e^{-3t} <1,-1> + c_2 e^{-t} <1,1> , how do I find the fundamental matrix psi(t) so that psi(0) = I ? Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution psi(t) = <<e^{3t}, e^{-t}>...

If f is continuous on [a,b] then the function g defined by g(x) = ∫f(t)dt a <= x <= b is continuous on [a,b] and differentiable on (a,b) and g' = f Question... If f is continuous on [a,b], then why is g only differentiable on (a,b)? This does not make sence... if g' = f g should be...

It is proved in this topic (last answer): https://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?t=536987

Homework Statement The fundamental frequency of a stretched string is 200Hz. when the length of the string is doubled and Tension of the string made 100times the initial Tension, what is the new fundamental frequency of the string. (1) 50 Hz (2) 100 Hz (3) 200Hz (4) 400 Hz (5) 800 Hz...

what is the most important fundamental quantity

I think a best informal way to state the theorem is Hardy's: every positive integer (except the number 1) can be represented in exactly one way apart from rearrangement as a product of one or more primes But clearly, this statement does not reveal the structure of the statement in the formal...