Information Definition and 999 Threads

I work in IT and am a layman in the quantum world. I have obviously misunderstood something in my amateur reading of quantum, but if someone could explain my mistake in the above scenario it might be very insightful for me! Forgive me if the terminology is not correct - or if indeed lay folks'...

I am looking to find out if there is a control valve type that will move a duel port cylinder in both directions but then the current to the valve is turned off the cylinder will NOT be locked up. I thought a 5/2 double coil valve would do this but it holds cylinder when current is removed...

https://ioesolutions.esign.com.np/notes/text-notes-show/Control,-Audit-and-Security-of-Information-System Here are what I have researched but both of these don't cover what are information system audit steps. Then here is sth that I am not sure of...

Where is the best place to find reliable information? What is the best way verify the reliability of information found online?

I don't know what category this fits in but how conclusive is it that information can't be lost or destroyed? Is this mostly just Stephen Hawking talking or do others support this idea?

Hi, I was attempting the following problem and am a bit confused because I don't quite understand the structure/notation of how mutual information and entropy work when we have conditionals (a|b) and multiple events (a, b). Question: Prove the chain rule for mutual information. I(X_1, X_2...

A popular theory is that black holes gradually leak information because of black hole evaporation due to hawking radiation. When black holes merge, a significant portion of their mass is converted into gravitational waves. If it's true that black holes leak information due to hawking radiation...

https://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/dont-bring-me-down-probing-why-people-tune-out-bad-news

Let us consider a hypothetical scenario, where we are able to translate any mass at a constant speed of 10m/s w.r.t to a given frame of reference. For simplicity, we are going to assume that the object is at rest initially. Case 1 - Now, consider 2 points A and B at a distance of 10m, and our...

See working attached. My problem is that I have come up with 3 equations but 4 unknowns (mq, up, vp, vq). Is this problem solvable? The answers say: a) 0.5 m/s b) 0.65 m/s and c) 0.34 m/s Many thanks

Suppose a blind man builds a machine that paints three apples with three colors, either red, blue or green. Once the machine has done this, are the three apples in the following superposition: or is the wavefunction just one of It feels like because the man is blind, the apples should be in...

help

Let us suppose we are given a Gaussian Distribution in the form of $$p(x,y) \propto exp(-\frac{1}{2}x^2 - \frac{1}{2}by^2 - cxy)$$ What are the equations that I need to use to obtain Mutual Information ?

hey Im new here, I am a masters degree student. I woud ask about any good source for understanding black hole for a master's degree student. thanks

I originally posted in the general section that where I am in Brisbane we are now in lockdown. Further medical information has emerged on what is happening with 8 new cases overnight so I will post it here...

Where can I find information for the SiGe alloy?I know it exists and I know it is a semiconductor. How does the energy band diagram look like?

As I've been studying statistical mechanics as well as some other things, I keep hearing about "information theory". For instance, I've heard about information theory as it relates to entropy, regarding some theorems of statistical mechanics, and I even heard about it in a Carl Bender lecture...

In this video How we know that Einstein's General Relativity can't be quite right - YouTube , Hossenfelder says: "The [Hawking] radiation is entirely random and does not carry any information..." I have heard and read this from a number of other sources, and never understood. Completly random...

Recently came across this concept. It looks like a combination of dg and statistics. It sounds interesting, but I do not feel competent enough to make an informed decision. For example see https://arxiv.org/abs/1808.08271

as I read here http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20160429-the-real-reasons-nothing-can-ever-go-faster-than-light#:~:text=But%20light%20is%20made%20up,when%20particles%20like%20electrons%20cannot%3F&text=The%20natural%20energy%20they%20possess,are%20already%20at%20top%20speed. things with mass...

I only see it brought up in creationist attacks on evolution, definitely NOT trying to bring that up - curious if and how real biological science uses it. There are a couple of (expensive) older books and paywalled papers that seem legit, but cannot find much else for example...

I have just started reading Neilson and chuang's book on quantum computing and two times already have they said that when a qubit is not observed, it can contain infinite information. "How much information is represented by a qubit? Paradoxically, there are an infinite number of points on the...

Not sure whether this is the right category but bear with me.I've seen graphics where the information increase with time of evolution is projected like the one in the link below from Carl Sagan's book https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Page-from-the-book-of-Carl-Sagan-21_fig2_322153131 Now I...

Hi Pf I read that when two particles are maximally entangled , all the information is in the correlations between the particles. If we need 1 bit to describe one particles. Are two bits in the correlations? three particles may be entangled and then we need to considere 3 bits. As entanglement...

What would you say is essential reading for those of us who want to understand how exactly is QFT benefiting from QI? Can anyone give a summary of what is happening, and where to start reading? (at postgraduate/entry-research-level).

This is a long post with limited amount of physics in it (but it is a physics question, so hopefully it is allowed). I am a scientist but trained as an ecologist (PhD) and despite my long interest in physics, my knowledge of it remains rather rudimentary. Apologies for that, in advance. I am...

Recent Science headlines are abuzz about a new theory. Physicists claim information is the fifth state of matter. By 2245, half of Earth’s mass could be converted to digital bits https://www.zmescience.com/science/news-science/information-fifth-state-matter-0252/ Digital Information Threatens...

I've been reading about the Holographic Principle, and this concept of information in physics came up. The idea that physical particles and interactions can be described in bits. But, how exactly would those bits work? Is this even a meaningful question? Could someone provide a concrete...

The answer is no and even when decoherence occurs for Wigner's Friend in the lab, quantum coherence remains. Let's start with the paper that illustrates this. Assisted Macroscopic Quantumness CONT. https://arxiv.org/abs/1711.10498 Wow, I recently read this paper and the results are simply...

Sorry for being fuzzy here, I started reading a small paper and I am a bit confused. These are some loose notes without sources or refs. Say we start with a collection F of features we want to trim into a smaller set F' of features through information gain and entropy (where we are using the...

This weekend (June 26-28) the IEEE Information Theory Society is showing a free screening of The Bit Player - a movie about Claude Shannon (the "father" of information theory) The website below has the link and password for Vimeo...

Hello, I want to understand the difference between both goodness-of-fit tests, I would be glad if you could help me: Akaike Information criterion is defined as: ## AIC_i = - 2log( L_i ) + 2K_i ## Where ##L_i## is the likelihood function defined for distribution model ##i## . ##K_i## is the...

I'm getting interested in quantum-enhanced metrology and have come across the quantum Fisher information (QFI) as a measure of how much a quantum state ##|\Psi(\theta)\rangle## changes with respect to some variable, for example, the phase accumulated during an interferometer, ##\theta##. This is...

I want to pursue research in Quantum Information Theory. I am surveying research topics before applying for PhD in Physics. Can somebody please enlighten me on the latest broad research problems being pursued in Quantum Information?

I'm working on a novel involving QM ideas. What I'm most excited about is the prospect of taking a view on Markus Muller's propositions involving reality and algorithmic information theory. I'm trying to make it work with the Wigner's Friend thought experiment. Are there any ideas on how...

Hi, I am getting following error message: I have written the following code which should display the system information of a simple program which I am running as a function: import psutil import osclass Counting_SysInfo: def __init__(self, i): self.i = i def...

Where can I learn more about this conception of reality?

Where and how could a layperson begin to understand algorithmic information theory and its proposed version of reality? I just read some "bits" (pun intended) about its strings of events and how it proposes algorithms can predicts how subjective timelines will continue, and I want to learn more!

For ##q >> N ##. ##\Omega \approx \left( \frac{eq}{N} \right)^N \text{ } (2)## (Schroeder, An introduction to thermal physics (2.21)). Can we argue that: ##\Delta I = - \Delta S \text{ } (3)?## How large can ##\Delta N##, be? Thank you for your time.

I'm in a Physics BSc programme and I would like to delve into quantum computation and quantum information. There are two master's degree in Europe that I find interesting in particular: Quantum Engineering MSc at ETH Zurich and Applied Physics MSc at TU Delft (track in Quantum Devices and...

If we consider quantum wavefunction-collapse, when we end up in a world-thread with a specific value of the measurement outcome, has information got lost?

Gravity is the curvature of space time. Stars move relative to each other. How is the information of this change transmitted through spacetime? I have just finished reading "Reality is not what it seems - The journey to quantum gravity" by Carlo Rovelli. (Can the content of a book be discussed...

I recently read Cesar Hidalgo’s 2015 book: “Why Information Grows”, which I heard about recently on Sean Carroll’s podcast (I like it). It’s mostly an economics book that derives its main ideas from how information underlies organization in the universe, as well as in economic dynamics. I like...

In the process of trying to understand holography I encountered a detail that I kind of knew before, but just now I realized I have no idea how it works, how is it even possible. I’m talking about a simple pinhole camera where supposedly no matter how tiny a hole is a beam of light would still...

Summary: Can the speed of information be faster than light? Say you had two people in space and they were 10 light years apart. Each person has a light bulb and battery connected to an electrical switch. Pressing the switch turns the light on, once it is released it springs back to the off...

In cosmology, we are using the Friedmann equations for the evolution of the universe. And we are using this equation a lot. $$\frac{H^2}{H_0^2} = \Omega_ma^{-3} + \Omega_{\Lambda} + \Omega_ra^{-4}$$ If we write ##a(t)## in terms of z, $$H(z) = H_0\sqrt{\Omega_m(1+z)^{3} + \Omega_{\Lambda} +...

As a Computer Programmer, it's hard to wrap my head around Quantum Entanglement and non locality being explained in the context of Classical Physics. In other words, if the universe at it's core is physical where does Quantum Entanglement fit within a physical picture of reality? There's been...

I am trying to investigate my doubts that reversible operations can model (or at least mimic) information copy process. For simple model I take two numbers ##A \neq B##. Now I can't copy value of A into B without erasing (irreversibly) value of B. However I can use transformation that replaces...

Hello, my name is Jack and I'm a year 11 student in Australia. After listening to, and reading some information regarding quantum entanglement, I'm still a little unsure about the solution to a thought experiment: Let's say that I create a situation in which multiple pairs of particles are...

Hi, I want to change the header of some document files like pdf, ms word, libre office programatically. I know that I have to use some byte type command like putc(..) and getc(). But I don't the header size of the above mentioned file formats.I saw a list of file format at wikipedia...