Matrices Definition and 1000 Threads

  1. R

    Solving Linear Equations: Understanding Matrices and Equality"

    in this system of matrices, ignoring the N M matrix, is matrix [A B B D] equal to [C] given that the matrices represent a system of linear equations in the form Ax = b? I'm just wanting to know whether it's like algebra, where you can divide both sides by the same thing and keep equality...
  2. G

    Commuting matrices have common eigenvalues

    Homework Statement How do we prove that commuting matrices have common eigenvalues? Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution
  3. D

    Product of three gamma matrices

    I need help proving the identity \gamma^{\mu}\gamma^{\nu}\gamma^{\rho}=\gamma^{\mu}g^{\nu\rho}+\gamma^{\rho}g^{\mu\nu}-\gamma^{\nu}g^{\mu\rho}+i\epsilon^{\sigma\mu\nu\rho}\gamma_{\sigma}\gamma^{5}
  4. kreil

    Position and Momentum Operator Matrices

    Homework Statement Find the energy eigenvalues and eigenfunctions for the one-dimensional infinite square well. Calculate the matrices for the position and momentum operators, Q and P, using these eigenfunctions as a basis.Homework Equations The energy eigenvalues are E_n = \frac{\pi^2...
  5. G

    MATLAB Creating a Matrix with Ones at Each End and Zeros in Between in Matlab

    Hi, I'm trying to write an SOR program in Matlab and have everything done, except I cannot figure out how to create a matrix of the following form without manually typing everything in: x=(1,0,...,0,1)T for various sized matrices. Thank you for your help.
  6. B

    Solve an Equation of Matrices Using Inversions

    Homework Statement (C-CB)^{-1}=B^{-1}E Solve the system for B, with the assumption that C,B, and (C-CB) are invertible. Homework Equations The rules for matrix invertibility (but I've already come to the conclusion that all matrices in this equation are invertible. The Attempt at a...
  7. matqkks

    Why is diagonalisation important in understanding linear maps?

    What is the purpose of diagonalisation of matrices? Why do teach this stuff? Is there any serious tangible application of diagonalisation? Do engineers or physics need this process?
  8. S

    Linear Transformations of Matrices

    Homework Statement The Attempt at a Solution I think I first need to find T(e2)=? and T(e2)=? and then combine those into a matrix. I am having trouble starting to solve for T(e1) and T(e2) so far I have [1] = alpha [1] + beta [3] [0] [2]...
  9. S

    To prove right inverse implies left inverse for square matrices.

    Homework Statement Let A be a square matrix with right inverse B. To prove A has a left inverse C and that B = C. Homework Equations Matrix multiplication is asociative (AB)C=A(BC). A has a right inverse B such that AB = I The Attempt at a Solution I don't really know where to...
  10. L

    Derivative of a function with matrices

    I try to understand if I am calculating the derivatives correctly or if I do something wrong. Here is an example: f(t)=xT*eAt*B*x t is a scalar, x is a vector, A,B are square matrices. df/dt=xT*A*eAt*B*x Is this correct?
  11. I

    Linear algebra involving dot product and orthongal matrices

    Homework Statement Given: x (dot) y = x^T * y (where x,y are vectors; dot is dot product; and x^T is x transpose) and R is an orthogonal nxn matrix, and x,y are elements of R^n Show ||Rx|| = ||x|| The Attempt at a Solution I'm not sure what information I am suppose to use to solve...
  12. R

    Calculating powers of matrices

    Hi, I get a lot of questions about calculating M^k, where M is a square matrix! They say you can use an equation like M^k=PD(P^-1) where D is a diagonal matrix. I don't know how to calculate this! Any help will be appreciated! P.S. Sorry if this is in the wrong section!
  13. C

    Is f a homomorphism for matrices in M2(R)?

    Abstract algebra--> Let R be a ring and let M2(R) be the set of 2 x 2 matrices with Homework Statement Let R be a ring and let M2(R) be the set of 2 x 2 matrices with entries in R. De fine a function f by: f(r) = (r 0) <----matrix ...(0 r) for any r ∈ R (a) Show that f is a...
  14. O

    Gamma matrices out of pauli matrices - symmetry/group theory

    I'm reading an article (http://prb.aps.org/abstract/PRB/v82/i4/e045122) but I have some problems understanding certain definitions. The authors have introduced a basis of certain bands (four) and then continue to give the transformation matrices of the symmetry operators. One (rotation) of them...
  15. W

    What is the connection between row reduction and matrix inversion?

    I'll start off with my question: Why do we use Gaussian Elimination when inverting a matrix? (this is only one of the methods...which is the only one that doesn't make sense to me). I know how to do it, but I'm not sure why it works. When solving a system of linear equations, I understand...
  16. I

    Semi-Positive Definiteness of Product of Symmetric Matrices

    Here is my problem. Any ideas are appreciated. Let P be a projection matrix (symmetric, idempotent, positive semidefinite with 0 or 1 eigenvalues). For example, P = X*inv(X'*X)*X' where X is a regressor matrix in a least square problem. Let A be a symmetric real matrix with only integer...
  17. D

    Show that matrices of defined form have inverse of the same same defined form

    Homework Statement Given the set of 3x3 matrices of the form: [1, a, b; 0, 1, c; 0, 0, 1], where a, b, and c are any real numbers show that the inverses of these matrices are of the same given form. Homework Equations Using elementary row operations, transform [A:I] into [I:A-1]. Inverse of...
  18. J

    Heisenberg's reasoning concerning matrices

    I'm reading "Quantum" by Manjit Kumar, a history of quantum mechanics. It tells how Heisenberg designed an array to track the frequencies of all possible spectral lines being emitted by hydrogen electrons as they "jumped" between energy levels. Heisenberg was troubled because when he multiplied...
  19. T

    MATLAB How to Loop Through Multiple Matrices in MATLAB?

    I have created a program in MatLab doing LU factorization and need to implement a routine, so that MatLab automatically runs the program on all of my matrices. I have 6 matrices A1, A2, A3, A4, A5 and A6. But for the time being I can only run the program for one matrix, write the result down...
  20. D

    LU Factorization of Matrices: How to Prove Uniqueness and Compute L and U

    Homework Statement Most invertible matrices can be written as a product A=LU of a lower triangular matrix L and an upper triangular matrix U, where in addition all diagonal entries of U are 1. a. Prove uniqueness, that is, prove that there is at most one way to write A as a product. b...
  21. E

    The average of the three Pauli Matrices

    Homework Statement By using the general density matrix rho find the average of the three Pauli matrices. You can then tell how many independent experiments you must make in order to determine rho. Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution I know the Pauli matrices and their...
  22. D

    Proving Rank Relationship Between Matrices A and B

    Homework Statement Prove that for any m x s matrix A and any s x n matrix B it holds that: rank(A) + rank(B) - s is less or equal to: rank(AB) The Attempt at a Solution Obviously, the following are true: - rank(A) is less or equal to s, - rank(B) is less or equal to s, -...
  23. T

    Help, I need the following question about matrices solved

    Homework Statement Find the image location of point (5,2) after reflection in the x-axis followed by rotation through 180 degrees about the origin. Homework Equations Matrix Transformation The Attempt at a Solution None, need help!
  24. C

    Finding the Inverse of a Sum of Matrices

    Inverse of a sum of matrices [solved] The problem is relatively simple. Given the equation: (I+2A)^{-1}= \begin{bmatrix} -1 & 2 \\ 4 & 5 \end{bmatrix} Find A. My problem seems to be that I'm distributing the inverse on the LHS incorrectly. My real question then is, is the...
  25. W

    What Went Wrong with My Attempted Rotation Matrix for A?

    Homework Statement Find the components of A after a rotation of -45 degrees about X3. A=(1,1,2) Homework Equations \lambda= (cos\theta 0 -sin\theta) ( 0 1...
  26. S

    Mathematica Mathematica - Constructing Matrices

    Good day to all, I am stuck with this. I am trying to construct a matrices with this properties... if n = 8, suppose the matrix with size 1 by 8 become [16 -16 16 -16 16 -16 16 -16] if n the matrix become [2n -2n 2n -2n 2n -2n 2n -2n ] with size 1 by n I do appreciate if someone...
  27. Z

    Multiplication of two matrices

    Hi, thank you for viewing this thread. My question is as follow: Suppose A is a n x m matrix and B is a m x n matrix, and we also know that the matrix B has infinite solutions, then what will the solution/s of the matix product AB be? I am thinking that it might be a matrix of infinite...
  28. J

    What is the significance of tau and sigma matrices in quantum theory?

    In Zee's quantum theory text, introducing the Dirac equation, he states the gamma matrices as direct products of Pauli matrices. The statements involve the identity matrix, sigma matrices, and tau matrices. It took me a bit to realize that the latter were identical. I hadn't seen the tau...
  29. D

    What Determines the Rank and Dimension of a Matrix's Solution Space?

    (a)Determine the row rank of the matrix, 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 5 2 2 0 -6 (b) What is the column rank of this matrix? (c) What is the dimension of the solution space Mx=0 So this is my answer: I have reduced my matrix into echelon form and i...
  30. D

    Linear algebra: inverse of the sum of two matrices

    Homework Statement Show that (I-A)^{-1} = I + A + A^2 + A^3 if A^4=0 The Attempt at a Solution I found at Google Books some kind of formula for it...
  31. I

    Hermitianity of gamma matrices

    Dear guys, I know that gamma matrices have some relations, like \gamma^0{\gamma^\mu}^\dagger\gamma^0 = \gamma^\mu \quad---(*) And I am wondering if this is representation independent? Consider, S\gamma^0S^{-1}S{\gamma^\mu}^\dagger S^{-1}S\gamma^0 S^{-1} = S\gamma^\mu S^{-1}...
  32. K

    Space spanned by all 5x5 permutation matrices

    Homework Statement "How many 5x5 permutation matrices are there? Are they linearly independent? Do they span the space of all 5x5 matrices?"Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution The first two questions are fairly easy. 5! = 120 P matrices. Since dim(space of all 5x5 matrices) = 25...
  33. matqkks

    Why is diagonalizing a matrix beneficial?

    Why do we need to diagonalise a matrix? What purpose does it serve apart from finding the powers of a matrix? Is there any tangible application of this?
  34. T

    Solving Simultaneous equations using Matrices

    I have to teach myself pre-calculus and basic calculus over the summer, and whilst covering matrices the chapter on solving simultaneous systems of equations using matrices puts forth several methods, one of which being the method of Gaussian elimination with augmented matrices. I understand why...
  35. matqkks

    How Can We Make Matrices More Tangible for Struggling Engineering Students?

    At present I introduce matrices as an array of numbers and then carry out various matrix operations. Is there a more tangible way of introducing this topic? I have thought of transformations but my experience with students has been that they get lost in the transformations and so give up on...
  36. H

    Showing that two 4x4 matrices are similar

    Homework Statement Given two 4x4 Matrices A = [0 -1 1 1, -1 1 0 0, 0 0 -1 1, 0 0 0 0] B = [-0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -1.5, -0.5 1.5 0.5 -0.5, 0 0 -1 1, 0 0 0 0] I need to show that these two matrices are similar. Homework Equations A = SBS^-1 which simplifies to AS = SB The Attempt...
  37. H

    Proving Similar Matrices with Examples and Step-by-Step Instructions

    Homework Statement Let A \in M_{n x n }(F) and let \gamma be an ordered basis for F^{n} . Then [L_{A}]_{\gamma} = Q^{-1} A Q , where Q is the n x n matrix whose j-th column is the j-th vector of gamma. The Attempt at a Solution I think I'm confused about some of the technical...
  38. N

    Why does commuting matrices have same eigenvectors?

    I googled for a proof,but didn't find one. Could anyone give me a link to a proof?
  39. C

    Find matrices X given an equation.

    Homework Statement find all matrices x that satisfy the given matrix equation [ 1 2 3 4 5 6] * X = I_2 I_2 is the identity matrix 2x2 Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution I just inverted the square matrix [ 1 2 4 5] so it becomes [5 -2 -4 1 ] so X should be [ 5 -2 -4 1 0...
  40. J

    Proof that gamma matrices form a complete basis

    Hi all, I'm interested in proving/demonstrating/understanding why the Dirac gamma matrices, plus the associated tensor and identity, form a complete basis for 4\times4 matrices. In my basic QFT course, the Dirac matrices were introduced via the Dirac equation, and we proved various...
  41. Z

    Product of reflection matrices without eigenvalue 1

    I'm wondering if anybody could suggest some techniques that might be brought to bear on the following problem: Suppose a finite sequence M_1,M_2,\dots,M_k of 4\times 4 orthogonal reflection matrices is given. I'm interested in determining conditions on these matrices that will guarantee that...
  42. N

    Is a Matrix Invertible in Modular Arithmetic if det(A) and n are Coprime?

    This is the question: What must fulfill a matrix to be invertible in module Zn? Demonstrate. Z refers to integers. I really appreciate that someone could help me with this because i couldn't find strong information about it. I think that considering A as a matrix... the det(A) must be coprime...
  43. W

    Invertible 3x3 matrices a subspace of 3x3 matrices

    Homework Statement Is the set of invertible 3x3 matrices a subspace of 3x3 matrices? Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution I think no - the 'neutral 0 element' is not in the subset since the 3x3 0 matrix is not in the subset. Am I right? The book says it's not a subspace...
  44. M

    Silly question about matrices with matrix elements

    Doing some quantum mechanics, I just ran into the notion of a matrix whose elements have matrix values for the first time. Specifically, a 2x2 matrix whose elements are 4x4 matrices. This got me wondering how I can extend the question into the absurd. I can't think of any good reason that...
  45. K

    Distinguishing Two Experiments With Equal Density Matrices

    For example, a esemble of 50% spin up and 50% spin down electrons, the other of 25% spin up,25% spin down, 25% x direction spin up and 25% x direction spin down. The density matrix is identity matrix for both(correct me if I'm wrong), is there any way to distinguish the two experimentally?
  46. T

    Question about solving augmented matrices and row operations

    So I just started my Linear Algebra course yesterday. I am confused on one aspect. When asked to solve an augmented matrix, the teacher would employ row operations. I understand how the row operations lead from one matrix to the next, but what I don't understand is how we formulate which row...
  47. C

    Calculus and Vectors & Matrices Assignments

    Homework Statement A field is defined by f(i)=2i+1; f(j)=(j^2)-2 and f(k)=(-k^2)-2 a. Describe the Surface b. Find the gradient of the surface at the point This is the last question of an assignment but I actually have no dea on how to even start doing it. Also I've finished 2 assignments...
  48. mnb96

    Orthogonal and symmetric matrices

    Hello, I guess this is a basic question. Let´s say that If I am given a matrix X it is possible to form a symmetric matrix by computing X+X^{T} . But how can I form a matrix which is both symmetric and orthogonal? That is: M=M^{T}=M^{-1}.
  49. T

    Similar Matrices Minimal Polynomial of A^3

    Homework Statement Let F(x)=(x-1)(x-2)(x-3)(x-4) be the charecteristic polynomial of A. Find the minimal polynomial of A^3 Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution A is similar to a diagnol matrix with 1,2,3,4 on the diagnol, let's call it B. We know that A is diagnizable...
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