What is Pump: Definition and 654 Discussions

A pump is a device that moves fluids (liquids or gases), or sometimes slurries, by mechanical action, typically converted from electrical energy into hydraulic energy. Pumps can be classified into three major groups according to the method they use to move the fluid: direct lift, displacement, and gravity pumps.Pumps operate by some mechanism (typically reciprocating or rotary), and consume energy to perform mechanical work moving the fluid. Pumps operate via many energy sources, including manual operation, electricity, engines, or wind power, and come in many sizes, from microscopic for use in medical applications, to large industrial pumps.
Mechanical pumps serve in a wide range of applications such as pumping water from wells, aquarium filtering, pond filtering and aeration, in the car industry for water-cooling and fuel injection, in the energy industry for pumping oil and natural gas or for operating cooling towers and other components of heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems. In the medical industry, pumps are used for biochemical processes in developing and manufacturing medicine, and as artificial replacements for body parts, in particular the artificial heart and penile prosthesis.
When a casing contains only one revolving impeller, it is called a single-stage pump. When a casing contains two or more revolving impellers, it is called a double- or multi-stage pump.
In biology, many different types of chemical and biomechanical pumps have evolved; biomimicry is sometimes used in developing new types of mechanical pumps.

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  1. Spinnor

    I Evenly pump a sphere of lasing material

    Qualitatively what is the nature of emitted light if we evenly pump a sphere of lasing material? Suppose there are no mirrors to favor one direction. Does the answer depend at all on the size of the sphere? Thanks!
  2. S

    Use of Bernoulli equation for pumps

    I have a doubt on the use of Bernoulli equation for pumps. Consider the situation in the picture. I marked different points: ##1## on the surface of first tank, ##2## in the exit from first tank, ##3## just before the pump, ##4## just after the pump and ##5## entering the second tank. Now...
  3. A

    Does the height of the water column on top of this pump matter?

    We are using the following pump to measure the strain on a special tube. http://www.instechlabs.com/Support/manuals/HABP.pdf This special tube is connected on each side to another tube that is connected to one of the two connectors on the pump. (The two connectors of the pump were put parallel...
  4. T

    Running 12V 30 psi Pump: My Questions Answered

    So I am try to run this 12V 30 pis pump and it says to run it at 2.2 amps @ 30 psi. When I supply the pump with 12V I get a reading of 1.4 Amps so I don't really know what it means by the 2.2 Amps and the @ 30 psi means. Can anyone tell me what this means? Thanks
  5. S

    Calculating flow rate through turbine

    Hi guys, First post on this forum. Greetings from the Netherlands :) I am currently in the process of designing a turbine used in locks in several canals. The turbine is powered when the lock chamber is being emptyed during the lockage. The goal is to calculate the water level in the lock...
  6. AdamM

    Help with water pump calculations

    So i have this Diesel Water pump, i need to achive a pressure of 4 bars at the end of the hose, How to calculate the pressure in inlet to achieve the desired result of 4 bars at outlet. (Assuming that I'm using a standard hose of length 30metres, with a diameter of 2.5 inches) Pump FLOW RATE IS...
  7. S

    Problem about Hagen-Poiseuille law and pump

    Homework Statement A tank contains an incompressible liquid of density ##\rho = 1. 4\cdot10^{3}kg / m^3 ## and viscosity ##\eta=1. 4\cdot10^{-3} Pa\cdot s##. The tank is open at the summit and the level of the liquid is kept constant through a sink. At the base of the tank there is a circular...
  8. F

    What is the relationship between HGL and EGL at a pump?

    Homework Statement the line above shows the energy line of the flowing fluid , whereas the line below shows the hydraulic geade line of flowing fluid , the diffrence between 2 lines is velocity head Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution i have 2 pictures here , the author drew 2...
  9. Ravi Singh choudhary

    How to lift water up to 5 metres without using a pump?

    I was asked how you can lift the water up to 5 meter but you are not allowed to use any kind of pump. What I thought; seal the container from where water is being lifted. Connect it with a pressure vessel at some height which is containing steam and water with valve in between them. By default...
  10. B

    Automotive Vacuum Fuel Pump Issues with Oversize Piston

    Good morning, I am new to the forum, so let me get straight into the problem. I am working on an old scooter with small displacement (150cc, with about 9.6:1 compression ratio). After rebuilding the engine, I figured I have to put in a much bigger piston 60mm compared to the original 58mm...
  11. Grinkle

    Will a battery backup (UPS) manage pump startup current?

    I have a still unwired pump at the end of a new drain outside my house. The startup current required of the pump is significantly higher than the steady state current required. If I put a UPS between the pump (the pump has a standard 110V plug) and the outlet, will this reduce the max...
  12. E

    Is My Method for Calculating Pump Head Required Correct?

    Homework Statement I need to calculate the pump head required for a fluid transfer system. The pump is located 3m above a storage vessel vented to atmosphere (1 bar) with a total pipe length of 5m to pump suction. The pump discharge is connected to a pressurised vessel at 2 bar absolute with...
  13. B

    Water pump (centrifugal) efficiency, does placement height mater?

    I am pumping water out of a pond that is being dug with a 30 h.p. centrifugal water pump. I am lifting the water about fifteen feet and discharging it at the same level as the pump. I feel lowering the pump near the water level and pushing the water up the fifteen feet would be more efficient...
  14. C

    Water gun problem, pump stroke -> pressure

    Hello all, I have a question about a water gun problem I'm working on. The general question is...how can you associate the hand pump stroke length, and the diameter of the pipe the pump is inside, with how much pressure gets built up in the guns pressure chamber?
  15. T

    Why should a heat pump receive low return temperature?

    One is always told that a heat pump (heating water) should receive return water with a temperature as low as possible. I've never really understood why. My initial thought is that if the return is higher, then it's "easier" for the heat pump to heat the water up to whatever supply temperature...
  16. R

    Can multiple motors drive single axle (water pump here)

    I have a dilemma with the design of a device I want to build which is acquiring the correct size motor (shape & power) in my price range (even finding one within specs). I have found that the motors from cordless drills are ideal for this application (due to size, price and availability) so...
  17. Thom_Silva

    Water Well Pressure - Is it Possible to Drain Entirely?

    Imagine there is a water well underground. The pressure at the surface of the water will be the atmospheric pressure+ the pressure due to the weight of the rock. If i drill a hole i assume the pressure differential will push the water up the hole. Is the mass of water displaced equal to the...
  18. I

    I Pump Probe Spectroscopy: Introduction to a Powerful Technique

    Hello there ! I am looking for a brief description of a pump probe technique. I am rather new to this subject, so I am interesting in such a good introductory articles or books. Your own explanations are always welcome ;)
  19. G

    Why are there still bubbles after the pump?

    Hi everyone, Got a question I'm trying to solve here. It is for an experiment I'm running at achool. I got a pipe system with a centrifugal pump. There is cavitation in front of the pump due to the pressure falling below the water Vapor pressure. When the water flow enters to the...
  20. A

    Design a Venturi Pump with Compressed Air and Water: Feasibility & Parameters

    I am trying to develop a Ventury https://www.physicsforums.com/javascript: Pump using Compressed Air a d Motive Fluid and Suction Fluid is Water from Shallow Well. Compressed Air parameter is 6CFM Air at 7 bar using 2hp Motor & Compressor set, and required Suction Lift is about 5m. Discharge...
  21. B

    Why won't it work? (sump pump project)

    So I'm a college student in electromechanical engineering technology and my lab partner and I are making a sump pump circuit for our class project. I got the circuit soldered and the alarm and light work but the relay won't turn on. We discovered that the resistor that goes into our transistor...
  22. C

    Homework help.... Strokes of pump to raise a ram

    Hi all, I have this question in my HND... A hydraulic jack has a load piston diameter of 150mm and a plunger diameter of 25mm. a) Ignoring losses, calculate the force required on the plunger to raise a load of 2500Kg. I have calculated my answer (correct or not i don't know) to be...
  23. enh89

    Physics problem involving work on pump

    Homework Statement A conical tank filled with kerosene is buried 4 feet underground. The density of kerosene is 51.2 lbs/ft3. The kerosene is pumped out until the level drops 5 feet. How much work is needed to pump the kerosene to the surface if the variable is given as: A. The distance...
  24. Mingsliced

    Centrifugal/Reciprocating Pump Efficiency

    Homework Statement It is proposed to pump 1500 m3 of a liquid (density 1100 kg m–3) each day through a total head of 10 m (including all losses) by using either a centrifugal pump or a reciprocating pump. The centrifugal pump discharges 2.0 m3 min–1 when driven by an electric motor supplying...
  25. H

    2nd law of thermodynamics heat pump problem

    Homework Statement Here is the problem: An inventor claims to have developed a heat pump that provides a 180 kW heating effect for a 293 K household while only consuming 70 kW of power and using a heat source at 273 K. Can this claim be possible? Homework Equations COP of heat pump = Qh/W COP...
  26. Mingsliced

    Fluid Mechanics - Head Loss Due to Friction

    Homework Statement This is simply a sanity check concerning the system described and attached. My concerns are detailed within my attempts at the solution. Any guidance will be greatly appreciated! The diagram attached represents a process for which a pump and associated pipe work require to...
  27. M

    I Thermal radiation and light pump

    Hello, I read a lot at this forum about thermal radiation but still i have questions. Consider black body at some temperature T. It means that inside that body we activate many modes of quantum oscillators with some probability(Bose-Einstein) depend on temperature T. Now let's have some bulk...
  28. C

    How can I recreate this pressure boiling experiment

    Hi all, I was just wondering how I could recreate this at home What parts do I need? Thanks, Harry
  29. RTE

    Increase a gas engine's RPM to drive a water pump

    Hello all, This is my first post, but I'm no stranger to skimming the boards. Always can find helpful stuff, but I'm stumped on this one. The situation is we have a Kohler 17 hp electric start gas engine horizontal shaft that max's out at 3600rpm. We are attaching a self-priming water transfer...
  30. jdawg

    Isentropic efficiency of a pump

    Homework Statement Find the isentropic efficiency of the pump: effpump=(h4s-h3)/(h4-h3) state 3: p3=1.5 bar, h3=467.11, x3=0, v3=1.0528/1000 m3/kg ,s3=1.4336 kJ/kg*K, T3=111.4 deg C state 4: p4=60 bar, h4=474.14, compressed liquid state 4s: p4=60 bar, s3=s4s The values in red are the ones I...
  31. I

    Basic hydraulic pump work-energy relationship

    I have a very simple question that's been driving me nuts. It's biology context, but probably all the physics equates to normal positive displacement pumps. The pressure in and volume of the left ventricle of the heart can be measured experimentally. (For example...
  32. M

    Why is two level laser impossible even with non-optical pump

    I think I understand why two level laser is not possible if we use optical pumping. However, I don't understand why we can't create laser with two energy levels that are pumped by non optical pump? Why we can't create population inversion that way? For example, if we could somehow pump...
  33. B

    Air pressure vs post-fuel pump vaporization chamber

    My question is harder to explain than I would imagine it will be to answer. I'm trying to vaporize a non-combustible fuel source with an internal radiant coil surrounding a small vaporization chamber consisting of a heat-resistant cotton-like material being fueled by a constant drip fuel pump...
  34. David Gin

    Determing flow of a closed loop parallel pumping system

    Hi all, How would one go about determining the flow(GPM) of a closed loop parallel piping system. I believe this has to do with the pressure intake and outlet of the pump as I have a pump in the mentioned system rated at 4350GPM@50Hz but it is pumping at 4500 GPM at 37Hz, Thank you all for...
  35. I

    How does a vacuum pump push gas out of a container?

    Precisely how does a vacuum pump take the gas, let's just assume air, out of a container?
  36. A

    Fluids:What happens to steam after a heat exchanger/condenser & Pump....

    I need some basic help as someone who has never done this before and have little understanding of what's going on: Suppose I have steam with mass flow rate of W [kg/s] at 100C and 1 bar going to a heat exchanger (secondary side at 30C, 5 bar, 5 kg/s). First Question) This steam should condense...
  37. D

    Understanding Fuel Pump Performance: Factors, Measurements, and Potential Risks

    I am not talking about the mechanics of them, I am talking about what factors influence how much fuel they pump in a given system(EFI return style) at a given time. What do numbers such as maximum pressure and free flow rate mean? Can you have a pump that is too powerful for a system like say...
  38. A

    Calculating Pump Power for Steady Water Flow: Work-Energy Theorem Approach

    Homework Statement Water is pumped steadily out of a flooded basement at 5.0 m/s through a hose of radius 1.0 cm, passing through a window 3.0 m above the waterline.What is the pump’s power? Homework Equations Volume and mass flow rates are constant R_v = Av; \quad M_v = \rho A v...
  39. Shadow-Shocker

    Electrical Build DIY Mini Water Pump: Solve Problems Now

    I am building a mini water pump out of a 3L plastic container, a 6V mini motor, 12 inch straws, a cut up CD for a cover (in the pic it is what is between the fan and straw), and bits of a soda can to make up a fan for the motor. Problem is when I tested the product, not enough water/air is...
  40. H

    How can I solve for flow rate and energy savings in a centrifugal fan system?

    Hi all I have the following question that I require help with. 1. Homework Statement A supply fan must deliver 2.5m3s of air against a system pressure of 500 Pa.The selected fir this has a performance characteristic as listed below when running at a speed of 1800 revs/min. i) Plot the system...
  41. Z

    How to Calculate Pump Shaft Torque from Flow Rate, RPM, and Diameter?

    Attempting to determine the torque on the shaft of a pump. Known values are flow rate, RPM, and shaft diameter. 1. What other values are needed to make the calculation? 2. What is the equation I can use for this?
  42. peter010

    Centrifugal Pump curve Performance

    Dear, I have a confusion related to the attached image which represents the curve performance of centrifugal pumps. My point is, why is the consumed power, on the same pump curve, is increased as the flow increases?! since the logic for me is the opposite at which the consumed power should...
  43. G

    Hydraulic gear pump ports and line sizing

    I am between selecting two gear pumps. One with .25 cu in at 2000 RPM or .38 cu in at 2000 RPM. In order for .25 cu into get the right flow, I will need to increase the speed to 3000 RPM. Gotta belt drive it either way. I have sized up a suction line of 7/8" I.D. that will get me a velocity...
  44. 6

    What's this thing on my electric motor?

    Just got this beautiful old pump from a fleamarket. Does anybody know what the tube shaped thing connected to the motor with a cable is? It goes into some box on the side of the motor. The close up shows the only inscription on it.
  45. C

    Determine conditions of water tank and pump

    1. The problem statement, all variables and given/know In rural communities where landowners have their own water wells, large tanks are used to store water, which is pressurized by a sealed “air cushion”. Water is pumped intermittently from the well to restore the tank supply when the level is...
  46. Pouyan

    Using heat pump to make a house heater

    A heat pump in winter heat energy from the bottom of a lake, where temperature is 4 ° C and delivers thermal energy in a home where the temperature is 22 C. What is the theoretical minimum power the heat pump must be supplied to you at home must be able to take out 4000 watts heating power ...
  47. R

    How can an air pump move water?

    http://modernsproutplanter.com/how-it-works/ of a product that uses the method. If you were to use the same type of small air pump, could the water be moved to a higher point? Say I wanted to move water using this method, with a similar air pump, could the water be pushed up 600mm in a tube?
  48. A

    Calculating Pump Power and Fountain Height from Water Ejection Speed

    Homework Statement A pump draws 500 kg of water/min from a 12 m deep well. The water is ejected with a speed of 20 m/s. a) What is the power output of the pump? b) How high is the fountain (ignoring air resistance) Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution For part a I found the potential...
  49. B

    [Fluids] Determine pressure change from industrial jet pump

    Homework Statement The apparatus or "jet pump" used in an industrial plant is constructed by placing the tube within the pipe. The velocity of the flow within the 200-mm-diameter pipe is 2 m/s, and the velocity of the flow through the 20-mm-diameter tube is V = 37 m/s . The fluid is ethyl...
  50. A

    Can the vacuum pump outlet air acts as a blower?

    Hi, I'm wondering if a vacuum pump outlet air could be used as a blower? I have a small open-type wind tunnel that have been used with the vacuum pump by sucking the surrounding air. Could I use the outlet air from the pump to work as a blow-down wind tunnel? Thanks
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