Pump Definition and 655 Threads

A pump is a device that moves fluids (liquids or gases), or sometimes slurries, by mechanical action, typically converted from electrical energy into hydraulic energy. Pumps can be classified into three major groups according to the method they use to move the fluid: direct lift, displacement, and gravity pumps.Pumps operate by some mechanism (typically reciprocating or rotary), and consume energy to perform mechanical work moving the fluid. Pumps operate via many energy sources, including manual operation, electricity, engines, or wind power, and come in many sizes, from microscopic for use in medical applications, to large industrial pumps.
Mechanical pumps serve in a wide range of applications such as pumping water from wells, aquarium filtering, pond filtering and aeration, in the car industry for water-cooling and fuel injection, in the energy industry for pumping oil and natural gas or for operating cooling towers and other components of heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems. In the medical industry, pumps are used for biochemical processes in developing and manufacturing medicine, and as artificial replacements for body parts, in particular the artificial heart and penile prosthesis.
When a casing contains only one revolving impeller, it is called a single-stage pump. When a casing contains two or more revolving impellers, it is called a double- or multi-stage pump.
In biology, many different types of chemical and biomechanical pumps have evolved; biomimicry is sometimes used in developing new types of mechanical pumps.

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  1. A

    I Cavitation in a closed loop pumping system

    Dears Kindly, I want to hear from you regarding this topic. The system is closed cooling system. I believe it is difficult to attribute the sound you hear from centrifugal pump to be a cavitation especially if the discharge pressure is normal. The last time we had a problem with this system...
  2. F

    Pumping Water -- Please check my pump system design work

    Hey Folks! Just need a quick sanity check ... Putting in a new 4in well and submersible pump ... trying to wrap my brain around the "physics" of it ... Here is what I ***Think I Know*** : 1) The Energy required to move any given volume of water to ground level can be calculated using M*G*H ...
  3. B

    Automotive Car water pump barrier to flow when off?

    When a car is parked and not running... is the radiator water (or coolant) pump totally shut that water from the radiator side can't enter the engine or in equilibrium (what's the exact term)? The water pump is a centrifugal pump.. does this totally shut the inlet and outlet from mixing so that...
  4. S

    Pump has a suction lift of more than 10.3 m

    As I was going through a course on Hydraulics, there was a brief explanation about how the atmospheric pressure can only support a water column of 10.3 m.A few more points that are prerequisite to the discussion are as follows 1)A fluid cannot be pulled;it has to be pushed. 2)A centrifugal...
  5. T

    Pump ESP for infrastructure water network with loop

    Hello Everyone, I've been tasked with verifying the pump external static pressure for an infrastructure water supply network. The network is a series of loops as shown in the image attached . According to the calculation notes done by the designer, the design of the network was done in watercad...
  6. T

    Suction side and discharge side pump pressure

    Consider a closed system (central heating). Before the pump is started the static pressure is 2.0 bars. Say the system head loss is 0.6 bars. When the pump starts, will the suction side pressure and the discharge pressure each read half the total head loss (1.7 and 2.3 bars)? Or will the head...
  7. Pushoam

    Minimum consumption rate of a heat pump

    Homework Statement Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution Effiency of a heat pump is given as ## \eta = \frac { T_h }{T_h – T_c} = 30 ## W * 30/s = 6000*4.2 cal /s Minimum consumption rate = W/s = 840 watt Is this correct?
  8. T

    Pump pressure and static height in central heating

    I was told recently that in a central heating system, the pressure on the suction side of the circulation pump should be at least equal to the static height of the system. I've never heard this stated before, and I don't intuitively get why this should be the case. If there is actually something...
  9. eigenmax

    Does anyone have diffusion pump oil for sale?

    I recently bought an old diffusion pump from eBay which I'm fixing up, and need 100cc of Santovac-5 oil (polyphenyl ether) for it. Does anyone have an idea where I can get a small amount (~100cc) of it to a reasonable price? What I've found isn't either shipped to Ireland or too expensive...
  10. L

    Changing hydraulic pump cartridge can give me more torque?

    hi all, changing my cartridge of 21 gpm to a small one 12 gpm I will have more torque whith less rotation in my winch hd motor? it's sound correct? if yes have a formula to know how much more % ? obs - keeping same pressure and same engine HP drive rpm . in case of will need more...
  11. D

    Calculating pump to cylinder pressure ratios

    This may not be the proper forum but i need to find a way to calculate how much effort it will take to move a cylinder using a manual helm pump. The hydraulic cylinder i intend on using is a 32mm bore with a 16mm diameter. Stroke of 178mm. Volume of 107 cc The helm pump (attaches to a steering...
  12. M

    How do I calculate pump size for low pressure Aeroponics?

    How can I calculate the water pump size I need for these sprayers? http://www.amazon.com/dp/B007D2RX1C/?tag=pfamazon01-20 Flow rates : 31.2 GPH. The current system I'm trying to figure out the pump for has a center rezzy and it needs to feed aprox 10, 10' pipes with diametre 1''. I have 108...
  13. R

    How much of pump power goes to heating the fluid?

    Let's assume you have a perfectly insulated closed liquid loop with a pump who's motor is cooled by the liquid its pumping. Assume steady state operation, so the pump is operating at some pressure difference and flow rate based on intersection of pump curve and back pressure curve. Does this...
  14. patrickmoloney

    Why can the efficiency of a refrigerator (heat pump) be greater than one?

    In a heat engine thermal energy is converted into mechanic energy. In a heat pump or refrigeration cycle - fluid is being circulated between hot and cold wells. But how can the efficiency be greater than 1? Is it because COP_{\text{heating}}>COP_{\text{cooling}}
  15. J

    I Trouble with Humboldt H12090 aspirator vacuum pump

    I've been in the process of doing experiments requiring 28- 30 Hg vacuum. For the last couple of weeks, everything seemed to be going well with a glass aspirator I acquired as it would pull the necessary vacuum, when hooked up to the tap, in about 45 seconds. Then, as luck would have it, while...
  16. J

    Cheap, suitable one way valve for aspirator vacuum pump?

    I have a glass aspirator vacuum pump that has a built in one way check valve, but after a week of use, it no longer functions and when input water is turned off, there is a sudden backflow of water into the vacuum line. I'd like to add a one way valve inline to allow the vacuum pull but not...
  17. C

    Variable Space Vacuum Tank - Pump question help

    This process and mechanism is very difficult to explain via the computer and even during presentations many people simply do not grasp the concept so I am trying my best to explain it easily and ask my questions as best as I can so that you guys understand me. I really need help with these few...
  18. S

    Work to pump out air from cylinder

    Homework Statement [/B] I know only the length (l) and cross-section area (S) of an air tank, cylinder. The question is how much work is needed to pump out air from the cylinder. Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution Is it correct to use here the formula W = pV? The initial pressure...
  19. D

    I Fluid transfer low flow to high without a pump

    A 8000 gallon truck of ethanol begins to flow into a tank containing 80,000 gallons of ethanol, how is this possible?
  20. E

    How to pump liquid from vacuum to atmosphere

    Greetings, The application is a wiped film evaporator (~1.2-1.5 kg/hr throughput). The concentrate and the distillate gravity feed round bottom flasks. I'm not worried about the cold-trap waste. The evaporator volume is under vacuum (~0.003Torr). I want to pump the liquid from the...
  21. H

    Partially closed pump discharge valve question

    Hi all, I have a question about the effect of partially closing a pump discharge valve on the system curve, wondering if you guys can help me out. Right now I have the yellow pump curve and the orange 2 inch system curve , producing around 120 gpm against around 110 ft of head. If I expand...
  22. J

    Operating Point Calculation for a Centrifugal Pump in a Process System

    Homework Statement A centrifugal pump has the following pressure – capacity characteristics: It is planned to use this for a process having the following system characteristic: (a) Determine the operating point for this pump with this system. (b) The actual flowrate required by the...
  23. H

    Branched-line pumping system curve help

    Hi all, I am a student trying to figure out the system curve for a pipe line system. I know how to calculate friction loss for just one flow, but not for a system of branched flow! I read a short article online saying that for parallel pipes the friction head is the same for all branches, so...
  24. I

    Final Flow Rate for 900 lpm Diesel Pump & 30m Hose

    I have a diesel pump doing 900 lpm with a hose reel 30 meters long, the inside diameter of the hose is 32mm. The frictional loss for 30 meters of hose is 461.04 kPa. The Viscosity of Diesel is 4.5 mPas. I would like to know the final flow rate. thanks in advance
  25. K

    Vacuum created or suction created when we use peristaltic pump

    Hi All, How to find vacuum created or suction created when we use peristaltic pump?
  26. bachir1994

    Choice of a generator set for a drilling pump

    Hello everyone, I am faced with a problem where I have to power a 30kw drilling pump, with a generator of 45kw (model Gesan), but it does not work. At start-up the current reaches the peak of 190 A and descends gradually, for information the start-up of the pump of the drilling is done by a...
  27. U

    UPS, Marine Battery, as Sump Pump backup

    Hey there! I'm an IT guy and found this forum through searching on replacing UPS batteries with deep cycle 12v marine batteries. The reason I was looking is I happen to have 4 spare Compaq rack mount UPSs with dead batteries taking up space in my basement. I was thinking of putting in a backup...
  28. S

    What does the T-S diagram look like for an ammonia heat pump?

    I'm a bit confused as to what the Temperature-Entropy diagram looks like for an ammonia heat pump. I understand perfectly how a freon type of refrigerant heat pump works: starting with working fluid at a state of a low-Temperature & high-Entropy gas (which is at low pressure), do work on the...
  29. physea

    Understanding Oxygen Pump Function | NGK 2008 News and Image

    hello! I want to know how oxygen pumps work. This photo displays one: http://www.ngk.co.jp/english/news/2008/image/0611_04.gif from: http://www.ngk.co.jp/english/news/2008/0611.html My question is, in order to pump the oxygen, does the oxygen have to go through the platinum electrode? or we...
  30. HethensEnd25

    Fluid at 600kPa goes through a pump where it comes out @10MPa

    Homework Statement A pump with inlet of saturated liquid at 600kPa has an exit stream of 10MPa calculate work Homework Equations Energy balance equation Entropy balance equation Linear interpolation Steam table The Attempt at a Solution My attempt at the solution was to calculate the entropy...
  31. O

    I Modeling a peristaltic roller pump

    Hello! We were recently introduced to mathematical modeling. I would want to model a blood roller pump - a simple peristaltic pump. I was wondering, what kind of formulas there are that I can use to model a pump which optimizes the number of rollers, roller diameter, tube diameter etc...
  32. W

    B How Can You Maximize the Efficiency of a Venturi Vacuum Pump?

    I have a venturi gas vacuum pump on the the end of an exhaust as an example. The exhaust spills out at 2.5cfm and 2 lbs. On a average of venturi efficiency, how much cfm at what pressure (or ratio alike) would be needed to eject the exhaust gas to near vacuem? As a secondary question, what would...
  33. P

    Can you create a hydroelectric generator using a pump from a fire fighting pump

    wanting to know if you could create a hydro system using an old firefighting pump discarding the old petrol or electric motor and replacing it with an generator or alternator. water would flow into the pump which would drive the generator
  34. rachel6589

    Calculating Heat Exchange for a Water Pump

    Homework Statement A pump, operating at 10 W, is used to raise the pressure of a stream of water at 2.5 mol/s from 1 bar to 2 bar. At steady state, if the water temperature should remain constant at 25oC, how much heat exchange between the pump and its surroundings is required? Note that 1 bar...
  35. C

    Automotive Common rail high pressure pump

    Hello everyone, I have a question about a common rail high pressure pump. Most common rail pumps make use of a pressure control-valve which controls the amount of fuel that goes to the plunger. This way it is possible to control how much fuel goes to the rail, so it controls the pressure...
  36. D

    Can I extend my water pump's wiring to control it remotely?

    Good afternoon Wizards, (there are some really smart people here!) I have wired up my 1 hp water pump with #12-2 wire w/ground on 220 volts right at 400 feet. It registers the correct voltage and amperage at the pump. According to the wiring chart that came with the pump, I think I'm at the...
  37. T

    Is the Bernoulli Equation enough to determine pump selection?

    Here is an illustration of something that came into my head: http://imgur.com/a/V9V8S (also attached to question) If we do a energy balance (in terms of head) between point 1 and point 2 (ignoring friction for now, it's not really important): $$\frac{P_1}{\rho g} + \frac{v^2_1}{2g} + z_1 +...
  38. Adam Bourque

    Affinity Law and Efficiency of a Pump Curve

    Homework Statement (Pump Curve given as attachment) [/B] Find the point where the pump is delivering 1,200 gpm at 45 ft of head. I. What is the pump efficiency (read from the pump curve data)? ii. What is the hp delivered to the water? iii. What is the shaft hp required to drive the pump...
  39. M

    Can a gravity fed pump effectively draw fluid from a tank at a higher elevation?

    Hello, I have a general problem. I have a tank sitting at elevation of 63 feet. With 24 inch pipe to 1400 feet away from the facility. The facility is sitting at 59 feet. To get to our vertical can pumps suction we need to run the pipe up 7 feet for 150 feet of 12 inch pipe and then drop down...
  40. B

    I Progressive Cavity Pump backspin

    I need an equation to give me the backspin speed in HZ and the torque applied to motor from back spin from a given oil well. The VFD given me the rod torque during forward run. J = 706 lbs-ft. J = F * D D= 7300 ft = Length of the rod J = Jm - Jf -Jb +Jten so I am not sure how to do this ... can...
  41. M

    What would be the Flow Rate of 7.5 Hp Pump

    Hi Friends, I am Milind Nachane, New member of PF. We have to buy a Water Treatment Device which eliminates the scaling and rusting Hazard. To decide model of device we need to know Flow rate of Pump. I know that Pump is Mono-block (Non-submersible) of 7.5 Hp and has 2 Inches Diameter...
  42. Benjamin Crump

    Calculating Power of a Water Pump: Enthalpy vs Pressure Difference

    Trying to calculate the power of a pump, it's pumping water. It has a flowrate in and out in kg/s. Surely I should look up the enthalpy values and just mutiply with the flow rate to get power in kW. However I know that if I convert flowrate to m3/s by dividing 1000 and multiplying by the...
  43. R

    Would turning a pump on and off repeatedly damage it?

    Hi, I need a liquid pump that can deliver BOTH smooth flow and pulsed flow, I've looked at: Normal liquid pumps Metering pumps peristaltic pumps Liquid respiration pumps Centrifugal blood pumps The latter two provide pulsed flow, but I'm struggling to find a pump that can deliver both...
  44. O

    Power drawn by a water pump to project water through nozzle

    Homework Statement [/B] This is problem 10.27 in the Exercises for the Feynman Lectures on Physics, or Problem C-2 in Chapter 10 of Leighton and Vogt's Exercises in Introductory Physics. Homework Equations Using ##v_f^2 = v_i^2 + 2 a S## for the water in the vertical direction, we can find...
  45. cetmoimonsieur

    Proving Vector Potential Pump Amplitude-Intensity Relationship

    Homework Statement Prove that the relationship between the dimensionless amplitude a of a wave and the intensity I of the wave is given by: Homework Equations B = curl (A) B: Magnetic Field A = [mass of electron * c / e ]*a*e^[i*(kx-wt)] where k is the wavenumber and is given by: 2pi /...
  46. D

    Centrifugal pump restricted output

    I am also constructing a small boat as a test bed for a much larger houseboat. If we forget about practicality issues... and accepting that my BS econ degree from the 60's isn't helping me much, I have a simple question with a difficult answer I guess. 2 stage centrifugal pump. (Standard...
  47. DaveC426913

    What is the most efficient way to use a pool pump for winterizing?

    I have an above-ground pool which, tis the season for draining and winterizing. I have a 15 foot section of ribbed pool hose (designed for pumping) that I hook up to the pump and flush the pool with. Pool is 4 feet deep both inside and outside, with a 1foot lip. Hose needs to rise one foot...
  48. Glurth

    Odd troubleshooting results: disobeys ohms law

    I have a DC powered pump, that has suddenly stopped working. During troubleshooting I came up with the following results, that I just cannot reconcile: Input wires, not connected to pump: 12v Input wires connected to pump: 0v Sounds like a short in the pump right? However, connecting the...
  49. M

    Reverse Rotating Pump: Does it Add Head to Fluid?

    Hi What happens when a centrifugal pump rotate inversely? Does it add Head to fluid?
  50. M

    Torques in a Pump: Understand Opposite Signs

    Hi In a pump (which operates in normal condition: steady state), pump torque is positive and fluid torque is of equal magnitude and of opposite direction so that the sum of both is zero. ''P. 66 of 'Water Hammer: An Analysis of Plumbing Systems, Intrusion, and Pump Operation' by: Dr. Loganathan...
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