Pump Definition and 655 Threads

A pump is a device that moves fluids (liquids or gases), or sometimes slurries, by mechanical action, typically converted from electrical energy into hydraulic energy. Pumps can be classified into three major groups according to the method they use to move the fluid: direct lift, displacement, and gravity pumps.Pumps operate by some mechanism (typically reciprocating or rotary), and consume energy to perform mechanical work moving the fluid. Pumps operate via many energy sources, including manual operation, electricity, engines, or wind power, and come in many sizes, from microscopic for use in medical applications, to large industrial pumps.
Mechanical pumps serve in a wide range of applications such as pumping water from wells, aquarium filtering, pond filtering and aeration, in the car industry for water-cooling and fuel injection, in the energy industry for pumping oil and natural gas or for operating cooling towers and other components of heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems. In the medical industry, pumps are used for biochemical processes in developing and manufacturing medicine, and as artificial replacements for body parts, in particular the artificial heart and penile prosthesis.
When a casing contains only one revolving impeller, it is called a single-stage pump. When a casing contains two or more revolving impellers, it is called a double- or multi-stage pump.
In biology, many different types of chemical and biomechanical pumps have evolved; biomimicry is sometimes used in developing new types of mechanical pumps.

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Recent contents Top users
  1. wnh

    Calculating Power Requirement for Pump Filler for Ice Cream Project

    Im new to this forum and I am seeking some help. I have recently doing a project for ice cream. In order to choose a suitable filler for filling process, i need to calculate the power requirement and capacity for the pump filler. I m really hope that you can show me the step for this calculation...
  2. M

    Can I use one hydraulic pump for two identical motors?

    Hello I need guidance on selection of a hydraulic motor. Motor would be used to drive the wheel of a vehicle. Motor needs to generate a torque of 18.3Nm in order to overcome static friction and move the vehicle. And the motor needs to be small enough to be coupled with the tire (see the picture)...
  3. X

    Can a Gear / Vane pump be used for pumping a gas?

    I have become quite interested in pump physics recently. I do a lot of work on cars, this includes work on automatic transmissions. Two main types of pumps I see inside an automatic transmission are the gear pump and the rotary vane pump. In a transmission these pump fluid (also a cars oil...
  4. U

    Can BLDC Technology Solve Voltage Fluctuation Issues for Domestic Water Pumps?

    Hi there, I have spent quite some time on PF as an unregistered user reading through various stuff and have learned a lot. Just registered now to seek help on something that's been bothering me a lot and to which I haven't managed to find a solution yet. Please let me know if this is not the...
  5. E

    Heat pump electricity production

    Greetings. I just want to understand heat pumps. As far as I know - they keep a house warmer than it could be using a regular electric radiator, using the same amount of energy. I am wondering - if a heat pump outputs, say, 3 kW of heat energy from 1 kW of input electric energy from the grid (or...
  6. T

    Heat Pump Problem: Max Heat Transfer/COP Calculation

    Homework Statement A)What is the coefficient of performance of an ideal heat pump that extracts heat from 11∘C air outside and deposits heat inside your house at 30∘C? B) If this heat pump operates on 2000W of electrical power, what is the maximum heat it can deliver into your house each hour...
  7. D

    Flowmeter Problems: Investigating a 12l/min Difference

    Hi there, I am currently doing leak testing for a piece of equipment. In order to do so I have a flowmeter at the inlet and outlet (of what is essentially a long cylinder) and have air drawn through by a vacuum pump. Now, the problem is that even with no obvious signs of leaks the two flows...
  8. J

    Creating an Archimedes Pump with PVC and 6 Inch Drainage Pipe

    Hello; I have been toying with the idea of creating an Archimedes pump using PVC and 6 inch drainage pipe. The idea is that by using tubing coiled around a PVC core, and rotating it using torque on PVC collars, as long as the pump is angled correctly, and friction is sufficiently low (the...
  9. E

    Heat Pump Power and COP: How Does Temperature Affect Efficiency?

    So if we start with question a) to calculate P = Q/t we can use that Q=m*c*ΔT so for for the 10 liters of water in the hot reservoir we get P=10*4186*25.8/1616=668 W. However it says the answer for a) is 667 W. Any idea why the difference? For question b) we have Vf = Pout / Pin where Pout =...
  10. K

    How Does a Pump Calculate Work When Transitioning from Water to Air Underwater?

    Homework Statement We have a container/volume of 1m3 100 m below mean sea level, A pump connected to it, pumping from inside the volume with outlet in the surrounding water at same height. And there is an pipeline to air, with a one-way valve allowing air to be sucked down to the...
  11. G

    Thanks for any thoughts,Could Black Holes Pump Energy into the Quantum Foam?

    Hello Everyone, This is my first post, I hope I've picked the right forum for this question. Could a black hole be "pumping" space/time/matter back into the quantum foam? I guess this is asking could it compress whatever falls into it down past Plancks constant?
  12. T

    Given a box contain 50m3 of gases, how fast should I pump gases into?

    Homework Statement Given a house(with ventilation system) contains 50m3 of gases, what is minimum rate should I pump gases into the box so that the box contains completely new gas from outside in an hour? (Challenge question) Homework Equations rate = volume/time statistical mechanics fluid...
  13. D

    Calculate Pump Static Head - New User Guide

    I am new to pumps and wondering how to calculate the total static head for the system below.
  14. O

    Understanding the Water Pump: Gravity and Atmospheric Pressure

    Hello. I saw this video: ... it is about water pump. I want to know how it works. First straw is above the water surface, second is below the water surface. To the straw below the water surface goes watter because force of gravity act on it. This is why air column increases and makes it...
  15. L

    DOL Motor Starter can support 160KW, 1000KVA Pump?

    Hello! Everyone, I am Lincoln from Singapore. I am from mechanical background. Recently, I am handling a rain-water tank with sump pumps project. May I seek you guys who are in electrical expertise for some professional advice for the following: Is the DOL starter possible to support...
  16. A

    Newbie question regarding vacuum pump kill switch

    I have a project that I've been working on for awhile and I've recently decided to try and upgrade parts of it. However, my knowledge on the subject is pretty sparse. What I want to do is have a vacuum pump which will shut off when my chamber reaches a certain level of vacuum. If anyone could...
  17. kartikwat

    How Does a Water Pump in a Water Cooler Operate and What Are Its Components?

    How does a water pump in a water cooler work?what are its parts .the picture of the water cooler is given in attachments.how to repair it?
  18. E

    Choosing the Right Compressor for Low Pressure Steam Applications

    Does anyone know what types of compressors/vacuum pumps can be used with low pressure steam at lab scale? I'm interested in a mechanical vapor compression system like this one used for large scale desalination and industrial processes. I think these use centrifugal compressors but I know...
  19. S

    High capacity pneumatic positive displacement pump

    I need to find a high capacity (60-90 gpm) pneumatic pump that is able to pump 2.8 cP (fairly low viscosity) dirty water reliably. there's no need to worry about discharge pressure or suction head, because the level in the vessel provides plenty of head pressure. I had a vendor propose a...
  20. C

    Cooling compressed air from pump

    I have a fairly large (for household use) 7.5HP electric motor driven two-stage air compressor, which charges the receiving 80 gallon tank to a limit of 175PSI. There is a short 3/4" diameter copper pipe that connects the pump to the tank. I have not measured, but guesstimate that the...
  21. 9

    Where Does the Energy Go in a Heat Pump?

    So, I understand that a heat pump to move heat from cold to hot requires some sort of energy to be added to the system. What happens to this energy? Is it just added to the output heat? I believe it must be, but I am not sure.
  22. I

    Whether A Pump with Gear Box (to increase pump speed) is Feasible?

    Dear Sir, I am trying to understand that whether a Pump who is flowing a High Temperature Fluid (Therminol) will be feasible with a Gear Box. The Gear Box will be used to increase the pump speed from 3000 rpm to 3600 rpm. The reason behind increasing the speed is high Pump TDH and as per...
  23. S

    Calculating Pressure Threshold for Passive Solar Pressure Pump Design

    Hi there - this is my first post here so apologies if it is not in the correct sub-forum. I am working on a passive solar powered pump that uses pressure built up by heat in a closed cylinder (expansion chamber) to displace water from a sealed reservoir to an elevated target tank. I am...
  24. Q

    Pump probe spectroscopy as linear process away from equilibrium

    Greetings everyone, I have recently been trying to generate some theoretical pump probe spectroscopy data. The typical way to do this is via third order time dependent perturbation theory and applying phase matching approximations / Rotating wave approx etc etc. There is however, no...
  25. A

    Calculation of inlet pressure of the pump

    hello guys, i wanted to calculate inlet pressure of the pump( vacuum pressure). pump operates at 400 bar. pump works by sucking the grease from the inlet port of dia 7mm and delivers it through outlet port of dia 2.8mm. pump used here is piston pump. the force acting on the piston is 400bar...
  26. G

    How to Calculate Oil Pump Velocity?

    Homework Statement This problem is regarding an oil suction pipe, pipe A is the the suction pipe and pipe B is the delivery pipe. There is a pump in between which supplies a head of 11.3m. The pressure in pipe A is atmospheric and the pressure in pipe B is 850kPa. The vertical...
  27. R

    Pump head requirement: Closed vs Open loop

    If a pump pumps water to a heat exchanger at a certain height, say, 20 m is the head required indeed lower for a closed loop system than an open loop system? The link below says so, but I wanted to verify. Assume pipe friction losses are the same in both cases. Can one really take credit for...
  28. G

    Reversing the Role of a Great Engine: Refrigerator or Heat Pump?

    Reverse of a great engine is refrigerator or heat pump?
  29. P

    Vacuum Pump & Setup for 20-25cm Cylinder

    To begin, I'm not sure if this is the right subforum for my question, and whether questions like this, in particular, questions about the details of personal projects, are allowed on this forum. Being new to this forum, if I have made any mistake in this regard, I apologize in advance, and will...
  30. D

    Pump drive torque measurement problem

    Hi all! Basically I will soon be required to measure the torque required to drive a plunger pump which operates by an eccentric cam on the pump's driveshaft pushing a plunger up and down. So obviously the torque will vary through the driveshaft's revolution. The setup is as follows: Motor...
  31. M

    Work required to pump tank full of kerosene

    Homework Statement Right cylindrical tank measures 30ft high and 20ft in diameter. How much work is required to fill the tank with kerosene which has a weight of 51.2 pounds per cubic feet Homework Equations I know that W=Fxi and F=mg The Attempt at a Solution My professor did a...
  32. I

    Centrifugal Pump: Suction & Discharge Line Bypass

    Please refer the drawing and let me know what happens if the pump suction and discharge line bypass together. Thanks.
  33. J

    Actual rankine cycle - Work done by pump

    Hi, In what cases do I neglect the work done by the pump in an actual rankine cycle? I am reading that h5-h4 is negligible but in what circumstances do I accept this. Is this only for ideal rankine cycles? As I understand thermal efficiency is (work out + work in)/Heat in Thanks
  34. Glurth

    Sterling Engine- Pump variant: will it work?

    I've been wracking my brain for a simple way to implement a Sterling Engine as a water pump, rather than an engine, and using solar power as a heat source, rather than a flame. The attached diagram is the simplest implementation I could come up with: Rather than pushing/pulling a piston...
  35. gfd43tg

    Centrifugal pump cavitation prevention

    Homework Statement The 9.75 in. impeller option of the Taco Model 4013 F1 series centrifugal pump (pump curve given by Figure P3-2) is used to pump 200 GPM of water at 25 C from an open reservoir whose surface is above the centerline of the pump inlet (Figure P3-1). The piping system from the...
  36. E

    Which is better and why? - Two Pump Configurations

    which is better and why? -- Two Pump Configurations hi, i'm new engineer in automation company and my boss gave me the problem you see and gave my 5 days to answer it . for me i think that situation A is better than B because the fluid is nearby the pump inlet although i think the elbow will...
  37. aladinlamp

    Calculating Force & Torque from Submersible Well Pump

    Homework Statement Imagine this submersible well pump pumping water straight up volume flow 1 liter/second fluid speed 10m/s Since pump is pushing on the fluid, fluid has to push on pump as well Will it be linear vector force downward or torque or combination of both ? How do...
  38. MarkFL

    MHB Calculus II: Work Required to Pump Water from Hemispherical Tank

    Here is the question: I have posted a link there to this thread so the OP can view my work.
  39. J

    Can a Faster Valve Improve Venturi Pump Cycling Speed?

    I am looking to cycle on/off rapidly a venturi pump. I am using a solenoid valve but is there a recommendation for a quicker valve type or regulator? Speed is my most important requirement. Thank you.
  40. M

    Solve for Pump Horsepower in 1-Inch Tube with No Heat Transfer

    Homework Statement This was a thermodynamics question; A fluid is being moved by a pump though a 1inch diameter tube. The density is 100 lb/ft3 with a flow of 12 lb/s. The pressure rises 40lbf/in. Assume there is no heat transfer. Find hp of the pump to the nearest 1/4hp. Homework...
  41. A

    Troubleshooting a Faulty Fuel Pump: How Does It Work?

    Good Morning Please can anyone help, i would like to know if an engineer can tell me how this fuel pump works, I'm trying to establish if it is faulty or not, my actual fuel pump is shown in the pictures below, when i try to suck on the outlet or blow into it, i cannot get air through it...
  42. K

    Selection of Pump for Parts Cleaning Machines

    Hello, Budding entrepreneur here looking for help. I've had this doubt for a long time. I can read the pump performance curves with respect to Head & Q. So if I have to select a pump that gives me 200 LPM @ 10 bar pressure, how do I select a pump from the curves. Is selecting a pump that...
  43. R

    Calculating output from an air displacement pump

    Can anyone help me with a formula to calculate the output of an airlift pump for a certain head, pipe diameter and pipe length? An air lift pump works on the principle of a fill/empty cycle (so many seconds to fill and so many to empty). I can calculate the pressure required for a particular...
  44. M

    Submersible Bilge Pump for 1-2ms PPM Signal @ 50Hz

    Hi, Would anyone know where I can find a submersible bilge pump that understands a 1-2ms ppm signal at 50Hz? I would like to control a bilge pump using the HobbyKing KK2.0 Flight control board (...
  45. J

    MHB How Much Power is Needed to Pump Water Up 10 Meters and Out at High Speed?

    An engine pumps water from a river 10m below its own level and discharges it through a nozzle of diameter 10cm with a speed of 50ms^-1. Find the power required assuming (a) no losses. (b) 70% efficiency. Water weighs 10^3kgm^-3. (g = 10ms^-2) Please help me with this problem, I've bever come...
  46. P

    Solve Hydraulic Pump Homework: F1=33.5 N

    Homework Statement Piston 1 in the figure below has a diameter of 0.797 cm; piston 2 has a diameter of 4.32 cm. In the absence of friction, determine the force required on piston 1 necessary to support an object, m, with weight 983 N. (Neglect the height difference between the bottom of the...
  47. V

    Refrigeration - Work required to run heat pump

    This question has got me quite confused, some guidance would be really appreciated. A room is to be kept at 23C using a heat pump from ambient. Heat gain to the room is 1.5kW per degree Celsius difference between the atmosphere and the room. 1) If the outside temperature is 32C, what is the...
  48. A

    Calculating Pump Head: Equation & Parameters Explained

    Hi there Looking for some help with calculating the head for a pump The example in my textbook isn't exactly clear. Is there a specific equation I can be using or can it be worked out having the following: volumetric flow rate density of fluid gravity pump efficiency pipe...
  49. R

    Pump Pressure and Flow: Understanding Rated Pressure and Flow

    hi guys, what is meant by rated pressure and flow of a pump... Is that maximum pressure or flow..but then i have seen 150% of rated flow?? How is that possible ?? please clarify my doubts...
  50. S

    Designing a Twin Screw Pump - Why the Pressure Loss?

    I'm having to design a screw pump and I'm a bit confused about things, I've never really seen a screw pump before. I've decided upon a twin screw - screw pump and my first question is why do most examples have an outlet at a higher level than the input, surely that just leads to a pressure loss...
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