Surface tension is the tendency of liquid surfaces at rest to shrink into the minimum surface area possible. Surface tension is what allows heavier than water i.e., denser than water objects such as razor blades, insects (e.g. water striders), to float and slide on a water surface without becoming even partly submerged.
At liquid–air interfaces, surface tension results from the greater attraction of liquid molecules to each other (due to cohesion) than to the molecules in the air (due to adhesion).There are two primary mechanisms in play. One is an inward force on the surface molecules causing the liquid to contract. Second is a tangential force parallel to the surface of the liquid. This tangential force (per unit length) is generally referred to as the surface tension. The net effect is the liquid behaves as if its surface were covered with a stretched elastic membrane. But this analogy must not be taken too far as the tension in an elastic membrane is dependent on the amount of deformation of the membrane while surface tension is an inherent property of the liquid–air or liquid–vapour interface.Because of the relatively high attraction of water molecules to each other through a web of hydrogen bonds, water has a higher surface tension (72.8 millinewtons (mN) per meter at 20 °C) than most other liquids. Surface tension is an important factor in the phenomenon of capillarity.
Surface tension has the dimension of force per unit length, or of energy per unit area. The two are equivalent, but when referring to energy per unit of area, it is common to use the term surface energy, which is a more general term in the sense that it applies also to solids.
In materials science, surface tension is used for either surface stress or surface energy.
I know that it will probably execute something similar to circular motion. I thought of conserving momentum but I think there is an external force being applied due to the impulse which will prevent me from doing so.
I know that once I find the tension it would become very easy to find the...
Hello,
Looking for help on the following:
A crane is used to lower a vertical cylindrical pillar into a reservoir. The pillar has a mass of 4 tonnes and is submerged to a depth of 2.5m. It has a diameter of 1.1m.
The specific gravity of fresh water is 1125kg/m^3, and 9.81m/s^2.
Use a free...
The diagonal component of the boom's weight is ##R=w\cos\frac{\pi}{6}=\frac{\sqrt 3}{2}w##, and, considering ##R## as a "reaction", we have ##R_x=R\cos\frac{\pi}{3}=\frac{\sqrt 3}{4}w## and ##R_y=R\sin\frac{\pi}{3}=\frac 34w##.
I will also have...
a) I think you can just use Fnet = m*a, so for
student 1: a = 40N/60kg → a = 0.667 m/s^2
student 2: a = 50N/70kg → a = 0.714 m/s^2
b) Fnet = F - T, rearrange to solve for tension, → T = F - ma
Student 1, T = 40N - (60kg*0.667m/s^2) → T = -0.02N
Student 2, T = 50N - (70kg*0.71m/s^2) → T...
why isn't Surface tension reliant on the composion of the atm?
For an instance; If you place a glass of water in a room with regular atmosphere or you place it in a room filled with other gasses. The coefficient of surface tension of the fluid will change? Maybe?
why isn't viscoty of a fluid...
With the above in mind, I have a cable of E=60GPa, cross sectional area 7e-4m^2. I want to understand the relationship between the tension applied resisting the deflection of the cable when a force is applied so that the cable will not deflect more than 0.7m in this case. Take the force as...
So, I was studying about general properties of matter and topics like surface tension. I came across the phenomenon of water rising along a glass plate like in the picture. I looked for some mathematical interpretation of this on the internet and in some books.
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I've begun by drawing out the diagram. Since they want the tension in the 5m rope, I've broken it down into two vectors. I want to use T = mg + ma, but I don't think that's right because I don't have acceleration. Is there another formula I can use instead? Thanks!
I seem to remember from my school days that Tension Force can only be linear.
Is this true?
In 1 (in the graphic) the tension will follow the line of the rope
In 2 there is an unbendable, unbreakable, steel cable formed into an arch.
a ] In 3 which direction will the Tension be?
b ] In 3 if...
(not a homework question - I left education over 45 years ago)
Hi, this just out of interest as I have been googleing this and can't find the answer
I know the equation for tension force, for example a weight on a string, block on a ramp, etc.
But is there something similar for a horizontal...
I don't get how ball moves in a vertical circle,we say tension provides centripetal force to the ball, i have posted a image in this post and in I which I have shown that their is a downward force mg and upward velocity,in this what will cause tension in the rope...from non inertial frame it is...
The correct answer is the second one. I honestly have no idea why this is so. I understand that the right rope has less tension that the left one since it's at a shallower angle from real world experience, but I don't really know why this is so, let alone how the forces compare to gravitational...
A video on the MIT open courseware site, https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/physics/8-01sc-classical-mechanics-fall-2016/week-2-Newtons-laws/7.1-pushing-pulling-and-tension/, defines tension as the magnitude of the force between any two adjacent segments (A and B) of string - that is, ##T =...
This is my attemp of solution:
Since the formula to calculate the tension is T=mg
I first calcualted the weight of the bridge with the ecuation
W= mg m=W/g
m= 18,000 N / 9.81 m/s
m= 1834 kg
So T=(1834)(9.81)= 17,991 N
But this seems no logical to me because the Tension force is a bit less...
I am thinking about solving it this way.
The first three equation is from Newton law.
Then the forth one is the constrain equation, after that I simplified the first three equations, and I am thinking about plugging them into the forth equation and solve for T after that I get the value of...
Hi everyone, I am thinking of solving it this way. Since Fc=mw^2r. and Fc=T. Then -dT=dmw^2r. where dm=m1(dx/l). and putting the lower at x=l the tension will be T=m2w^2l.
Am I doing things right.
Why does the force due to surface tension act parallel to the surface here?
I know that surface tension is a result of absence of cohesive force above the surface and thus the water molecules below pulls the surface down and keeps it like a stretched membrane.
If the surface is pressed as...
Here the upward force on the camp is Tsinx <=360
Therefore T(max)=720N
Here they have taken the equation that T-mg=ma
This shows that the man is climbing due to tension. But I can't visualise how tension helps in climbing. Isn't it our own energy that helps us to climb. The muscle energy gets...
When calculating force due to surface tension across a hemispherical drop, we look at only the circumference and multiply it by the value of surface tension. When we know that it is the surface tension which is responsible for the curved surface of the liquid drop, why don't we calculate the...
Good afternoon,
I have some doubts about the tension force suffered by a spring to which a mass is hung and which is making a simple vertical armoin movement. My doubt lies in the fact that at the bottom of the pier (where the mass hangs), the spring exerts the restoring force that is given by...
Here's my first attempt at a solution:
First, I calculated the speed of one ring at the point where the tension would be zero.
3mgr(1-cosΘ ) = (1/2) * (3m) * (v^2).
3m * v^2 = 6mgr(1-cosΘ)
Next, since I wanted the centripetal force, I took the result I got and divided by the radius.
Fc =...
According to this definition I am unable to understand why does surface tension acts tangentially to surface of contact of liquid and capillary tube. And is the force of surface tension balancing the adhesive forces which lead to capillary rise OR it is the reason behind the capillary rise?
Hello again,
I did a sum of the forces at the top and bottom of the motion and got:
Top...mg=ma
Bottom...T-mg=ma
Got T=2mg when I substitute the mg in for ma at bottom.Then I assumed kx=T=2mg so x(length of cord) would equal 2mg/k
Then V of wave would be ...sq.rt2mg/k
Is it that simple? Feel...
wavelength of string= 2*L
wavelength of string=2*0.70m= 1.4m
velocity of string= frequency * wavelength
velocity of string= 220Hz * 1.4m= 308 m/s
tension= (308m/s)^2 * 0.00196 kg/m =186N
Is the tension correct?
I read the following two points:
Temperature is indirectly proportional to surface tension.
Adding impurities affect the surface tension of the molecules. Adding soluble impurities increases the surface tension whereas adding sparingly soluble impurity decreases the surface tension.
Why...
Hello,
I am reviewing the concept of tension, a force that expresses the internal tensional state in a body (rope, chain, string, solid body). My understanding is that the force of tension "derives" from the stress tensor and relates (it is the product) the diagonal tensor components to an...
There has been a lot of Hubble Tension questions and I know its kind of boring ( maybe for some people) but this seems interesting.
I find this article
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1911.06456.pdf
It claims that
"The results are shown in Figure 1 which makes it evident that the derived value of...
I am working on a guitar/piano synthesizer for my own interest. When a string is plucked or struck, tension increases causing a slight pitch bend and change in the inharmonicity. This change then settles as the note quiets down. Thus it is important to model how the tension rises above baseline...
If a rod is on a table (horizontally) and rotating about an axis that passes through one of its ends and vertical to the table, what would be the tension on the opposite end of the rod (the end opposite to the axis) . In this post (Check this post out from Socratic QnA), the limits take while...
I solved for a1 prior to the force (f) being added.
-a1 = a2
and
T = m1*a1 + m1*g
T = m2*a2 + m2*g <--substitute -a1 = a2, multiply everything by -1, add the two equations in order to solve for a1 (and thus also a2)
T = m1*a1 + m1*g
-T = m2*a1 - m2*g
0 = m1*a1 + m1*g + m2*a1 - m2*g...
Let's say I have a 1 meter steel pole with a diameter of 10 centimeters standing upright, and I have a cement block of 30 cm length and 10 cm width and an assumed weight of 5 kilograms.
If I place the cement block on top of the steel pole, assuming that neither the pole or the cement block tips...
So the first thing that I did was solve for the acceleration of the elevator, given the velocities and distances given in the question. My question regarding this issue is not so much the procedure needed to solve the question, but rather the sign conventions for the values given and calculated...
(a) Ridiculously simple though it looks, I can't see how the string will be tight. One of the two has to be true.
(1) The static friction ##f_S = mg \sin\theta = 25\times 10\times \sin 30^{\circ} = 122.5\; \text{N} ##. The maximum static friction ##f_S = \mu mg \cos \theta = 0.6\times 25\times...
(The answer given in the text says ##\boxed{T_1\; >\; T_2}## but, as I show below, I think it's just the opposite).
I begin by putting an image relevant to the problem above. Taking a small particle each of the same mass ##m## at the two positions, the centripetal forces are ##T_1 =...
Summary: My homework question asks: Consider a simple pendulum, undergoing small oscillations. Is the time average of the tension in the string of the pendulum larger or smaller than mg? By how much?
My homework question asks: Consider a simple pendulum, undergoing small oscillations. Is the...
Homework Statement: Which part of the statement isn’t correct and which is?
Is the tension larger in T1 or T2.
Homework Equations: Fnet=mg
The sum of the two tensions must equal the mass x gravity or weight since the mass is not moving so the force of gravity must equal the force of tension...
so I took string below point A and Block as a system. Taking mass of string below point A as m and mass of block M. Taking downward direction as X axis. I get Mg+mg-T, Taking T as tension by upward part of string. Now the question says about block descending with acceleration a.
so again forces...
The thing is that my professor said that if the velocity of ##A## is ##400 cm/s##, the velocity of ##B## is ##200 cm/s## because "##B## is connected to two parts of the rope and ##A## is conected just to one part", and he also said that that ##200 cm/s## is the velocity of ##B## with respect to...
I considered the downwards direction and left direction as negative. For ##m_1##, Newton's equations are:
##x) Fr + W_x - T=0##
##y) N - W_y =0##
For ##m_2##:
##y) T - W =0##
Then, if I replace the data, I get ##T=22.2 N## and then ##m_2=2.2 kg##.
With that, for the second question ##m_2=4.4...
For part a I used conservation of energy.
-m*g*cos(θ)*L+1/2*m*0^2=-m*g*L +1/2*m*v^2 => v = sqrt(2*g*L(1-cos(θ )).
b) For b I was think that T = mg in the equilibrium point but that doesn't invole θ in the answer. So that's why I tought that T*cos(θ ) = mg. So that the tension is mg/cos(θ). But...
I know that the answer has to be 98.6N. So I know that Fy=0 so that 2*T*sin(theta) = 147.25. Then I was think to take the torque of the left wheel but I can't find the lever arm of the tension force. I also know that u can solve the question by saying that the 2 sides of unknown length are 1.5 m...