Find unknown wind velocity given airlplane's speed

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In summary, the wind velocity is 56 m/s [W72°S], but the observer on the ground perceives the airplane's velocity as 30 m/s [S45°E]. This is due to the combination of the airplane's airspeed and the wind velocity, resulting in a diagonal motion that appears to be from the SW to the NE quadrant. The direction of the wind, W72°S, is only the direction in which the wind is blowing.
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Gardunf070
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Homework Statement
An aeroplane flies with an airspeed of 50.0 m/s [E40°N]. If the velocity of the plane, according to an observer on the ground, is 30.0 m/s [S45°E], what is the wind velocity?
Relevant Equations
Here is the answer:
The wind velocity is 56 m/s [W72°S]
But I don't understand how is that it ends up on the west side if both vectors were pointing east.
 
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:welcome:

So what is  your answer for the wind speed?
 
  • #3
Gardunf070 said:
Homework Statement: An aeroplane flies with an airspeed of 50.0 m/s [E40°N]. If the velocity of the plane, according to an observer on the ground, is 30.0 m/s [S45°E], what is the wind velocity?
Relevant Equations: Here is the answer:
The wind velocity is 56 m/s [W72°S]

But I don't understand how is that it ends up on the west side if both vectors were pointing east.
Which two vectors add to make the third?
 
  • #4
Gardunf070 said:
Here is the answer:
The wind velocity is 56 m/s [W72°S]

But I don't understand how is that it ends up on the west side if both vectors were pointing east.
Welcome, @Gardunf070 !

What do you believe ends up on the West side?

W72°S is only the direction towards which the wind is blowing.
The observer on the ground feels that the wind is moving from the NE to the SW quadrant.

Not being able to see the ground as a reference, but only his instruments, the pilot believes that the airplane is moving from the SW to the NE quadrant at 50 m/s.

Simultaneously, that observer on the ground believes that the plane is moving from the NW to the SE quadrant at 30.0 m/s, although strangely, its nose points approximately towards the NE (the airplane is "crabbing").

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FAQ: Find unknown wind velocity given airlplane's speed

How do you determine the wind velocity if you know the airplane's airspeed and ground speed?

To determine the wind velocity, you need to know the airplane's airspeed, ground speed, and the heading (direction) of the airplane. By using vector addition, you can calculate the wind velocity. The ground speed vector is the sum of the airspeed vector and the wind speed vector. You can use trigonometric functions to solve for the unknown wind velocity.

What is the difference between airspeed and ground speed?

Airspeed is the speed of the airplane relative to the air around it, while ground speed is the speed of the airplane relative to the ground. Ground speed is affected by wind; if the wind is blowing in the direction of travel, the ground speed will be higher than the airspeed, and if the wind is blowing against the direction of travel, the ground speed will be lower than the airspeed.

Can you calculate wind velocity if the wind direction is unknown?

It is challenging to calculate wind velocity accurately if the wind direction is unknown. However, if you have the ground speed and airspeed for multiple headings or directions, you can use these multiple data points to triangulate the wind direction and speed.

What tools or instruments are typically used to measure wind velocity in aviation?

Pilots and meteorologists use various tools to measure wind velocity, including anemometers, Doppler radar, and GPS-based systems. Onboard avionics systems in modern aircraft can also provide real-time wind velocity data by comparing airspeed and ground speed.

How does wind velocity affect flight operations and safety?

Wind velocity significantly impacts flight operations and safety. Strong headwinds can reduce ground speed, leading to longer flight times and increased fuel consumption. Tailwinds can shorten flight times but require careful speed management. Crosswinds can complicate takeoffs and landings, requiring precise control to maintain the desired flight path. Understanding wind velocity helps pilots make informed decisions to ensure safe and efficient flights.

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